Identificación de las estrategias de los niños para aprender un idioma: ejemplo turco

Over the past two decades, there has been an upsurge of interest in language learning strategies (LLS). However, the research has so far mostly focused on older learners, primarily in ESL contexts and those of children in EFL contexts remained in its infancy. Thus the current study examines the English LLS use of 1116 Turkish 4th and 5th grade students by means of Children’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (CHILLS). The results reveal that children’s strategy preferences showed statistically significant differences with regard to gender, geographical region and academic achievement, the girls outperformed boys in strategy use and with regard to academic achievement 5th grade students outperformed the 4th grade students.Durante las últimas dos décadas, ha resurgido el interés por las estrategias de aprendizaje de idiomas (LLS). Sin embargo, la investigación hasta ahora se ha centrado principalmente en los estudiantes más mayores, sobretodo en contextos de ESL, y en niños que tuvieron un contexto EFL en su infancia. De este modo, el estudio actual examina el uso del inglés LLS de 1116 estudiantes turcos de cuarto y quinto grado por medio del Inventario de las estrategias para el aprendizaje de idiomas para niños (CHILLS). Los resultados revelan que las preferencias de las estrategias de los niños mostraron diferencias significativas dependiendo del sexo, región geográfica y logros académicos. Las niñas superaron a los niños en el uso de la estrategia y, en cuanto a los logros académicos, los estudiantes de quinto grado superaron a los de cuarto

Prediction of degree of carotid stenosis with the transluminal attenuation difference ratio

PURPOSEWe aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of transluminal attenuation difference (TAD) in predicting the severity of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis.METHODSThe study cohort consisted of 48 patients with 70%) stenosis compared with control arteries and low-moderate stenosis. A TAD ratio cutoff of 4.5 predicted 70%–99% stenosis with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 93%. The inter- and intraobserver agreements in TAD measurements were almost perfect (ICC, 0.89–0.86).CONCLUSIONAssessment of TAD ratio predicts the degree of stenosis in concordance with NASCET system

The Effects of a 'Transient Ischemic Attack Unit' on the Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Stroke and Other Vascular Events

Objective: Identifying the etiology and early treatment following a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke may prevent patients from having a disabling ischemic stroke. The primary aim of this study was to increase awareness of the symptoms of TIA and minor ischemic stroke and provide early intervention via a TIA unit. In addition, the benefits provided by the TIA unit were analyzed in terms of prognosis and length of hospital stay. Materials and Methods: Before beginning the study, brochures and posters containing information about the symptoms of a TIA and minor ischemic stroke, along with the mobile phone number of a research fellow, were distributed in the clinics and hung on the main boards of the Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Hospitals. A presentation on the TIA unit was also given to the healthcare professionals of the hospitals. Afterward, 69 patients consecutively admitted with symptoms of a TIA or minor ischemic stroke [with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of ≤5] between September 16, 2019, and September 15, 2020, were prospectively included in the study group. The hospital charts of 90 consecutive patients admitted with a TIA or minor ischemic stroke (with an NIHSS score of ≤5) were retrospectively evaluated as the control group from September 16, 2018, to September 15, 2019. The timing of the etiological diagnoses and treatments, the length of the hospital stay, and the prognoses of these two groups of patients, one comprising patients admitted before and the other comprising patients admitted after the TIA unit was established, were compared. Results: The two groups had no significant difference in vascular events and mortality. However, in the logistic regression analysis, the length of the hospital stay was significantly shorter in the study group (P = 0.015). Conclusion: A TIA and a minor stroke should be recognized quickly, and diagnostic tests should be performed as soon as possible to shorten the period of the hospital stay and reduce the costs and complications related to longer hospitalization

Crizotinib efficacy and safety in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET alterations: A real-life data of Turkish Oncology Group

Crizotinib is a multikinase inhibitor, effective in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mesenchymal-epidermal transition (MET) alterations. Although small prospective studies showed efficacy and safety of crizotinib in NSCLC with MET alterations, there is limited real-life data. Aim of this study is to investigate real-life efficacy and safety of crizotinib in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET alterations. This was a retrospective, multicenter (17 centers) study of Turkish Oncology Group. Patients' demographic, histological data, treatment, response rates, survival outcomes, and toxicity data were collected. Outcomes were presented for the study population and compared between MET alteration types. Total of 62 patients were included with a median age of 58.5 (range, 26-78). Major histological type was adenocarcinoma, and 3 patients (4.8%) had sarcomatoid component. The most common MET analyzing method was next generation sequencing (90.3%). MET amplification and mutation frequencies were 53.2% (n = 33) and 46.8% (n = 29), respectively. Overall response rate and disease control rate were 56.5% and 74.2% in whole study population, respectively. Median progression free survival (PFS) was 7.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8-10.5), and median overall survival (OS) was 18.7 months (95% CI: 13.7-23.7), regardless of treatment line. Median PFS was 6.1 months (95% CI: 5.6-6.4) for patients with MET amplification, whereas 14.3 months (95% CI: 6.7-21.7) for patients with MET mutation (P = .217). Median PFS was significantly longer in patients who have never smoked (P = .040), have good performance score (P < .001), and responded to the treatment (P < .001). OS was significantly longer in patients with MET mutation (25.6 months, 95% CI: 15.9-35.3) compared to the patients with MET amplification (11.0 months; 95% CI: 5.2-16.8) (P = .049). In never-smokers, median OS was longer than smoker patients (25.6 months [95% CI: 11.8-39.3] vs 16.5 months [95% CI: 9.3-23.6]; P = .049). The most common adverse effects were fatigue (50%), peripheral edema (21%), nausea (29%) and diarrhea (19.4%). Grade 3 or 4 adverse effects were observed in 6.5% of the patients. This real-life data confirms efficacy and safety of crizotinib in the treatment of advanced NSCLC harboring MET alteration

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels &gt;2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Unprıncıpled approach in the contemporary mosque architecture

Günümüz cami mimarisi tanımı kapsamında, 1950 yılı sonrasından bulunduğumuz zamana kadar geçen süre içerisinde yapılan cami inşası faaliyetleri yer almaktadır. Çalışmada modern malzeme ve betonarme inşa tekniği uygulamasının görüldüğü günümüz cami mimarisinin kaynak ve sorunlarına kısa kısa değinilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu dönemde ortaya çıkan yapı grubu, önceden yapılmış çalışmalarda farklı adlandırılmış ya da kapsam dışı bırakılmıştır. Çalışmada bu grup yapılar İlkesiz Yaklaşım olarak tanımlanmıştır**.In the contemporary mosque architecture covers the architecture during the period from 1950 onwards to the present time construction activities. In this study, we mentioned the application of modern materials and construction techniques with concrete problems of contemporary mosque architecture. The group of theese construction has been used previously named differently or excluded. In this study this group of structures is defined as &quot;Unprincipled Approach&quot

MODELS OF DOMED MOSQUES IN TODAYS MOSQUE ARCHITECTURE

Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı ve Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından hazırlanan cami tip projeleri günü- müz cami mimarisini oluşturmaktadır. Cami tip projelerini halka sağlamak konusunda herhangi bir görev ya da yetkisi bulunmayan bu iki kurumdan elde edilen projeler içerisinde tek kubbeli, merkezi kubbeli ve çatılı örnekler yer almaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında tek kubbeli ve merkezi kubbeli örneklerin tanıtımı üzerinde durulmuştur. İki kurumdan bizzat temin edilen projelerden kullanılmış planlarla anlatımı desteklenmeye çalışılmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığından temin edilen 5 adet ve Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğünden temin edilen 7 adet cami tip projesi kullanılmıştır. Temin edilen projelerin 5 adedi tek kubbeli, 7 adedi de merkezi kubbelidir. İki kurum tarafından temin edilen planlar incelendiğinde, hazırlanan cami tip projelerinin Anadolu Türk Mimari geleneğinin ve özellikle de Klasik Dönem Osmanlı mimari gelene- ğinin devamı niteliğinde olduğu görülmektedir.Models of projects, provided by Presidency of Religious Affairs and Directorate General of Foundations, which source todays mosque architecture. There is no duty and responsibility to ensure the model of mosque project, but the models of mosque projects are single-domed, central domed and roof covered. In this study emphasized single-domed and central domed models of mosque. It is supported expression of the subject with the plans which are obtained from the two institutions by me. The scope of work used 5 models of mosque projects of Presidency of Religious Affairs and 7 models of mosque projects of Directorate General of Foundations. And 5 of them are single-domed, 7 of them are central domed. To examine the plans, which provided from the two institutions, the models of the mosques are just a continuation of the tradition Anatolian Turkish Mosque Architecture and particularly Ottoman Mosque Architecture in Classical Period

AKARCA VILLAGE MOSQUE IN SIVASLI DISTRICT-USAK

Uşak il sınırları içerisinde, Sivaslı ilçesinde bulunan Akarca Köyünde yer alan Akarca Köyü Camisi, günümüzde kullanılamaz durumdadır. Köyde yeni bir caminin inşası ile terkedilen cami, büyük ölçüde yıkılma tehdidi ile karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Yapının önemli bölümleri durumundaki ahşap süslemeli yüzeyleri, yerinden sökülmek suretiyle günümüze gelememiştir Kareye yakın dörtgen planı, üç birimli son cemaat yeri ile sade planlı camide tavan düzenlemesi ve tavan süslemesi, sade plana karşıt görünüm sağlamaktadır. Tavanda süslemeli bölümlerde eksikler bulunmasına rağmen özenli işçiliği ile kayda değer durumdaki yapı, duvar yüzeyine kalem işi uygulaması ile yapılmış süslemeleri ile de önem kazanmaktadır. Sade, gösterişsiz mimarisinin yanında hem ahşap tavanlı camiler, hem de kalem işi süslemeli camiler içerisinde yer alabilecek Akarca Köyü Camisi, süslemeleriyle de Batı sanatı etkilerini yansıtmaktadır. Uşak ili içerisinde hem cami mimarisinde hem de sivil mimari örneklerinden ev üretimlerinde yoğunlukla karşılaşılan Batı sanatı etkilerinin Sivaslı ilçesinde yer alan bir köy camisinde de oldukça özenli kullanımı dikkat çekici görülmüş, bu nedenle bilim dünyasına aktarımının sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.The mosque of Akarca Village which is situated in the district of Sivaslı, within the provincial borders of Usak city is currently unserviceable. The mosque abandoned after a newly constructed mosque is under a substantial threat of demolishing. Wooden ornamental surfaces, which are essential parts of the building, could not survive until today since they were removed from their locations Regulation and ornaments of the ceiling are bringing a contradictory appearance to the simplistic plan of the mosque composed with a three-unit narthex and a quadrangular plan which is close to a square. The building, which is in good shape due to attentive workmanship although some parts in the ornamental ceiling are missing, comes into prominence because of the ornaments engraved with a hand-drawn style to the surfaces of the walls. The mosque of Akarca Village, which can be included in the mosques that have ornaments engraved with a hand-drawn style and wooden ceiling along with its simple and sober architecture, is reflecting effects of western art with its embroideries. Attentive utilization of the effects of western art, which are encountered intensely at both architecture of mosques and house building, an example of civic architecture, within the border of Usak city, also at a village mosque located in the district of Sivaslı is considered remarkable; thus, its transfer to the science world is aimed

Modern Mimaride Koruma Sorunu: İzmir Karşıyaka’da Kemalpaşa Cami Örneği

Anadolu Selçukluları döneminde, Beylikler döneminde, Osmanlı döneminde üretilmiş cami mimarisi ile ön plana çıkmakta olan ülkemizde Cumhuriyet döneminde de önemli eserler verilmiştir. Özellikle sonraki dönemlerde oluşturulan eserler, öncesi döneme ait eserlerin önüne geçmiş, hep bir yenilenme ya da farklılaşma gözlenmiştir. Modern dönemde inşa edilmiş camiler de her ne kadar Klasik Dönem Osmanlı mimarisinden esintiler hatta birebir benzerlikler içerse de farklı tasarımlarla adından bahsettirecek ölçüye kavuşmuştur. Oldukça kısıtlı sayıda karşımıza çıkan örnekler hem modern malzemenin başarıyla kullanılışı, hem de özgün tasarımlarıyla önem göstermiştir. Çalışmanın konusunu teşkil eden İzmir Karşıyaka’da Kemalpaşa Cami, farklı tasarımıyla karşımıza çıkmaktayken, sonrasında geçirdiği müdahalelerle tamamen değişmiştir. Herhangi bir denetimin bulunmaması nedeniyle, maddi imkânlar elverdiği ölçüde kolaylıkla yapılabilen bu müdahaleler, günümüz mimarisinin başarılı bir dini mimari örneği durumundaki eseri yok etmiştir. Yapının üç döneme ait görünümü çerçevesinde hazırlanmış çalışma, Cumhuriyet döneminin ilk camilerinden biri ve ilk özgün tasarımlı örneğini belgeleme ve bilim dünyasına aktarma amacıyla hazırlanmıştır