Weathering of Gabbroic Rocks in the Central Black Sea Area (Ordu) and Formation of Acid Soils

Ordu İline bağlı Yeşilköy Mahallesi ve yakın çevresinde bulunan orman toprakları araştırma yeri olarak belirlenmiştir. Gabro kayaçları üzerinde gelişmiş olan toprak horizonları kil ve kum miktarları artan toprak derinliği ile artmaktadır. Gabro tipi kayaçların ayrışması sonucu silt zengini toprakların geliştiği belirlenmiştir. Gabro üzerinde gelişen toprakların üst horizonlarında kuvars miktarlarının artmış olduğu, buna karşılık feldispat, piroksenler, amfiboller ve olivin miktarlarının ise azalmış olduğu ve yeni kil minerallerinin oluştuğu gözlenmektedir. Gabro üzerinde gelişen toprak horizonlarında CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O ve P2O5 gibi, oksitlerin, ana kayaca göre, miktarlarının azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Burada azalma göstermeyen ana element oksit ise Al2O3, Fe2O3 ve TiO2’dır. Seçilen bir lokalitede Co, Sr, Cd gibi mobil olan iz elementler toprak ekosistemi içinde dikey olarak taşındığı, Cu, Ni, Ba, Zn gibi yarı mobil iz elementler ise aynı sistemden uzaklaştırıldığı Cr, Zr, Nb, Ce gibi immobil iz elementler ise toprak ekosisteminde toplandığı tespit edilmiştir. Seçilen bir profilden elde edilen veriler, Kuzey Amerika Çamurtaşı içeriği (NASC) ana ve iz element dağılım aralığında yer almaktadır.The study area is located in forest soils in and around Yeşilköy village of Ordu. It is observed that the ratio of sand and clay in soil horizons developed on gabbro increased with the depth of the profile. The mineralogical studies carried out on gabbro indicate that the amount of quartz minerals in upper horizons of the soil increased, but that the amount of feldspar, pyroxene, amphibole and olivine minerals decreased. The soil horizons developed on gabbro, the amount of oxides such as Al2O3, Fe2O3 and MnO were increased and CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O and P2O5 decreased with respect to host rock. It is observed that in this locality, the mobile trace elements such as Co, Sr and Cd were leached vertically, the semi mobile trace elements such as Cu, Ni, Ba and Zn, are leached away completely and the immobile trace elements such as Cr, Nb, Ce, and Zr were concentrated in soil profile. The data obtained from this locality is in the range of the North American Shale Composite (NASC)

On approximation properties of generalized Lupas type operators based on Polya distribution with Pochhammer k-symbol

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a Kantorovich variant of Lupas-Stancu operators based on Polya distribution with Pochhammer k-symbol. We obtain rates of convergence for these operators by means of the classical modulus of continuity. Also, we give a Voronovskaja type theorem for the pointwise approximation. Furthermore, we construct a bivariate generalization of these operators and we discuss some convergence properties of them. Finally, we present some figures to compare approximation properties of our new operators with those of other operators which are mentioned in this paper. We observe that the approximation of our operators to the function f is better than that of some other operators in a certain range of values of k

Anadolu lisesi öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi dersine yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi

Çalışmanın amacı; Anadolu Lisesi öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi dersine yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın evrenini İstanbul’daki Anadolu Lisesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemi ise rastgele örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen 212 lise öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak; Güllü ve Güçlü (2009) tarafından geliştirilen “Beden Eğitimi Dersine Yönelik Tutum ölçeği” ile kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler; betimsel istatistik yöntemler, t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (Anova) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; cinsiyet değişkenine göre beden eğitimi dersine yönelik tutumlarda kız ve erkek öğrenciler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Yaş değişkeni irdelendiğinde öğrencilerin beden eğitimi dersine yönelik tutumlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştı

The factors affecting beach handball players’ in Turkey starting sport and their future expectationsTürkiye’deki plaj hentbolu sporcularının spora başlamasına etki eden unsurlar ve spordan gelecek beklentileri

The aim of this research is to determine the personal variables, reasons for selecting and competing in this field and expectations of beach handball players in Turkey. According to the data of the questionnaire, the coherent reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was calculated as .7826. The relationship between the reasons for their choosing and playing this sport and their expectations were analyzed in terms of the gender, age, education department, sport age, monthly family income and hometown experience variables by considering percentage and frequency parameters by using t-test and one-way analysis of variance for p<0.05. The findings of the research show determine the personal variables, reasons for selecting and competing in this field and expectations of beach handball players’ gender, age, education department, sport age, monthly family income, hometown and parental education status variables were not cause statistically significant relationship and it was determined that there was statistically significant differences between the reasons for selecting and competing in this field and expectations points of beach handball players according to the parental education status (p>0,05). ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki plaj hentbolu sporcularının kişisel değişkenleri, bu spor branşına yönelme nedenleri, bu branşla uğraşma nedenleri ve bu spordan gelecek beklentilerinin belirlenmesidir. Anketten elde edilen verilere dayalı olarak anketin iç tutarlılık güvenilirlik katsayısı .7826 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, yüzde ve frekans değerleri alınarak cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim aldığı bölüme, spor yapma yılına, aylık aile geliri, yetiştiği yer ve anne-baba eğitim durumu değişkenleri ile bu spor branşına yönelme nedenleri, uğraşma nedenleri ve bu spordan gelecek beklentileri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi için t- testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmış ve p<0.05 düzeyinde anlamlılık aranmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları; plaj hentbolu sporcularının kişisel değişkenleri, bu spor branşına yönelme nedenleri, bu branşla uğraşma nedenleri ve bu spordan gelecek beklentilerinin cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim aldığı bölüme, spor yapma yılına, aylık aile geliri, yetiştiği yer değişkenleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişkinin bulunmadığını göstermiştir. Katılımcıların sporla uğraşma nedenleri ve spordan gelecek beklentileri puanları incelendiğinde anne-baba eğitim durumu değişkeni bakımından anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. (p<0.05)

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Bladder Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Processes; A Turkish Multicenter Study

Objective: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic effect diagnosis and treatment of certain conditions, including bladder cancer (BC). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on BC diagnosis and treatment.Materials and Methods: Following the approval of the ethics committee for the study, data of 869 patients who underwent surgery for BC in the 2-year period between March 1, 2019 and February 28, 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The number of surgeries performed for BC, the time elapsed between symptoms and diagnosis, the treatments performed, and the operative pathologies were compared before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: During the COVID-19 period, there was a decrease in the total number of BC surgeries compared to the pre-COVID-19 period (p=0.004). It was observed that this decrease was due to a decrease in patients newly diagnosed with BC (p=0.001) as well as the decrease in the number of primary transurethral resection for bladder tumor procedures performed. There was no difference in the tumor stages of the patients at diagnosis (p=0.9). Intracavitary Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy use in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancers (NMIBC) patients also decreased (p=0.008) during the pandemic period. It was observed that the time between symptom and diagnosis was longer in MIBC than in NIMBC during both periods (p<0.001).Conclusion: Diagnosis and treatment of BC have been adversely affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in the number of new diagnoses may not reflect a true decrease in BC incidence, meaning that BC cases that arose during the pandemic are likely to be diagnosed at a more advanced stage

Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Radical Prostatectomy: A Turkish Multicenter Study

Objective: The present study examines the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on radical prostatectomy performed as part of localized prostate cancer treatment in Turkey. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was made of the data of 176 patients from 8 centers in Turkey who underwent radical prostatectomy due to localized prostate cancer over the 2 years spanning March 1, 2019, to February 28, 2021. Within this timeframe, March 1, 2019, to February 28, 2020, was denoted the 1-year pre-coronavirus disease 2019 period, while March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021, was denoted the 1-year coronavirus disease 2019 period. An analysis was made of whether there was a difference in the number of radical prostatectomies performed for prostate cancer, the time from biopsy to operation, and the biopsy and radical prostatectomy pathology between the 2 periods. Results: It was found that the number of radical prostatectomies performed for localized prostate cancer during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was statistically and highly significantly fewer than in the pre-coronavirus disease 2019 period (P < .001). The patients diagnosed with Gleason 3 + 3 (low risk) prostate cancer were statistically significantly fewer in number in the coronavirus disease 2019 period (P < .001). The pathological Gleason score was upgrading than the biopsy Gleason score in all patients who underwent in both periods (P < .001). When the periods were compared, the pathological involvement determined by lymph node dissection performed during radical prostatectomy was found to be decreased in the coronavirus disease 2019 period, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = .051). Conclusion: As with many diseases, the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer have been adversely affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. © 2022, AVES. All rights reserved

Technoeconomic and Environmental Assessment of Biomass Chemical Looping Gasification for Advanced Biofuel Production

Chemical looping gasification is a promising biomass conversion technology that could produce sustainable liquid transportation fuels on a large scale to reduce fossil fuel dependency. The current paper examines the technical, economic, and environmental performance of a biomass-to-liquid (BtL) process based on chemical looping gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Two biomass feedstocks, i.e., pine forest residues and wheat straw, are selected for assessing the complete BtL production chain. The results of process simulations showed that both biomass types are suitable gasification feedstocks, with an overall energy efficiency of 53% and 52% for pine residues and wheat straw, respectively. The economic results show that the breakeven selling prices (BESP) are €816 and €781 per m3 for the pine forest residues and wheat straw pellets, respectively. However, if low-grade excess heat valorisation and CO2 credits are considered, the BESPs could meet or become lower than the target value of €700 per m3, making the BtL plant competitive with other biofuel plants. The CO2 avoidance cost is estimated at €74.4/tCO2 for pine residues and €61.3/tCO2 for wheat straw, when replacing fossil fuels. The results of the life cycle assessment study showed that the produced biofuels fulfil the requirements of the EU Renewable Energy Directive II, achieving the reduction in greenhouse gases emissions of up to 79% without carbon capture and storage (CCS) and up to 264% with CCS compared to fossil fuels

Extended Multilingual Protest News Detection -- Shared Task 1, CASE 2021 and 2022

We report results of the CASE 2022 Shared Task 1 on Multilingual Protest Event Detection. This task is a continuation of CASE 2021 that consists of four subtasks that are i) document classification, ii) sentence classification, iii) event sentence coreference identification, and iv) event extraction. The CASE 2022 extension consists of expanding the test data with more data in previously available languages, namely, English, Hindi, Portuguese, and Spanish, and adding new test data in Mandarin, Turkish, and Urdu for Sub-task 1, document classification. The training data from CASE 2021 in English, Portuguese and Spanish were utilized. Therefore, predicting document labels in Hindi, Mandarin, Turkish, and Urdu occurs in a zero-shot setting. The CASE 2022 workshop accepts reports on systems developed for predicting test data of CASE 2021 as well. We observe that the best systems submitted by CASE 2022 participants achieve between 79.71 and 84.06 F1-macro for new languages in a zero-shot setting. The winning approaches are mainly ensembling models and merging data in multiple languages. The best two submissions on CASE 2021 data outperform submissions from last year for Subtask 1 and Subtask 2 in all languages. Only the following scenarios were not outperformed by new submissions on CASE 2021: Subtask 3 Portuguese \& Subtask 4 English.Comment: To appear in CASE 2022 @ EMNLP 202