Effects of etofenamate and methylprednısolone on spınal cord ınjury

This study evaluates the effects of etofenamate on secondary damage following a spinal cord injury and compares the effects with those of methylprednisolone. A total of 31 male Wistar-Albino rats were used. A weight-drop model was utilized for the experimental spinal cord injury and a 50g-cm impact was applied on the spinal cord. Rats were randomly assigned to one of the three study arms (saline, etofenamate 20 mg/kg, methylprednisolone 30 mg/kg). At the sixth hour of injury electrophysiological evaluations were conducted under anesthesia, and then rats were sacrificed for histopathology. Hematoxylin and eosin staining were applied to the specimens and evaluated under light microscopy. Etofenamate revealed more beneficial results in histopathological evaluations when compared with methylprednisolone, but these favorable results have not been confirmed by electrophysiological measurements. Etofenamate may be a promising agent in the medical treatment of spinal cord injury

Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Systolic Blood Pressure are Associated with Carotid Artery Intima-media Thickness in Children with Turner Syndrome

Objective: Women with Turner syndrome (TS) have greater carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) known to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis in adults. To determine whether there are risk factors for atherosclerosis in children with TS, we compared cIMT, anthropometric and metabolic parameters between children with TS and healthy controls

Thalamic abscess caused by a rare pathogen:streptococcus constellatus

Streptococcus constellatus is a microorganism that lives commensally in the oropharyngeal region, urogenital region, and intestinal tract. However, it can cause infection in patients with certain predisposing factors. Rarely, this microorganism can cause a brain abscess. Thalamic localization of brain abscesses is much rarer than abscesses in other locations of the brain. Brain abscess caused by streptococcus constellatus are very rarely been reported in the literature. We present a rare case of a left-sided thalamic abscess caused by streptococcus constellatus in a 25-year-old male patient who was injured by shrapnel pieces in the head and who was malnourished. The patient was successfully treated by stereotactic aspiration and antibiotherapy.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

The relationship between heterotopic gastric mucosa in the cervical esophagus and laryngopharyngeal reflux

This study aims to investigate the possible correlations between the heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) islets in the cervical esophagus and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Between May 2010 and April 2011, 45 patients (36 females, 9 males; mean age 39.8±14.1 years; range 18 to 72 years) who had reflux symptom index (RSI) >10 and reflux finding score (RFS) >7 were included. The study group consisted of 21 patients who were diagnosed with HGM islets in the cervical esophagus, while control group consisted of 24 patients without any HGM islets assessed by upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy. Esophagus manometric examination and dual-channel 24-hour pH monitoring were performed on all patients. Pretreatment mean RSI and RFS were 25.6±3.5 and 15.1±3.4 in group 1, while it was found to be 21.1±4.4 and 11.9±2.6 in group 2 (p=0.001, p=0.001). A total of 29.7% of patients who underwent pH monitoring had distal reflux, whereas 43.2% of them had proximal reflux. In group 1, distal reflux was observed in 15.4% and proximal reflux was found in 54% of the patients, while distal reflux was observed in 38% and proximal reflux was found in 38% of the patients in group 2 (p=0.152; p=0.27). Fourteen patients diagnosed with HGM had antral- and seven patients had fundal-type epithelium. Our study results suggest that HGM islets may be considered as an etiological factor in the patients with severe LPR with isolated proximal reflux based on the 24-hour pH monitoring.Amaç: Çalışmada servikal özofagus yerleşimli heterotopik mide mukozası (HGM) adacıkları ile larengofarengeal reflü (LPR) arasında olası korelasyon varlığı araştırıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Mayıs 2010 - Nisan 2011 tarihleri arasında reflü semptom indeksi (RSİ) >10, reflü bulgu skoru (RFS) >7 olan toplam 45 hasta (36 kadın, 9 erkek; ort yaş 39.8±14.1 yıl; dağılım 18-72 yıl) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Üst gastrointestinal sistem endoskopi değerlendirmesinde servikal özofagusta yerleşimli HGM adacıkları tanısı konulan 21 hastadan çalışma grubu, edilmeyen 24 hastadan ise kontrol grubu oluşturuldu. Tüm hastalara özofagus manometrik incelemesi ve çift kanallı 24 saatlik pH monitörizasyonu yapıldı. Bulgular: Tedavi öncesi RSİ ve RFS ortalamaları grup 1’de sırasıyla 25.6±3.5 ve 15.1±3.4 iken, grup 2’de bu ortalamalar 21.1±4.4 ve 11.9±2.6 idi (p=0.001, p=0.001). pH monitörizasyonu yapılan hastaların toplamında %29.7 oranında distale, %43.2 oranında proksimale reflü izlendi. Grup 1’de hastaların %15.4’ünde distale reflü gözlenirken, %54’ünde proksimale reflü bulundu, grup 2’de ise hastaların %38’inde distale reflü izlenirken, %38’inde proksimale reflü bulundu (p=0.152; p=0.27). Heterotopik mide mukozası saptanan hastaların 14’ünde antral tip, yedisinde ise fundik tip epitelyum bulunmaktaydı. Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları, şiddetli LPR düşünülen ve 24 saatlik pH monitörizasyonu sonucunda izole proksimale reflü saptanan hastalarda, HGM adacıklarının da etyolojik faktörler arasında olabileceğini göstermektedi

The efficacy of cinacalcet in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism in Turkish hemodialysis patient population

WOS: 000393291900012OBJECTIVE: Cinacalcet reduces parathyroid hormone levels by increasing the sensitivity of the parathyroid gland to calcium. in this study, we firstly aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cinacalcet in Turkish hemodialysis patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: 4483 hemodialysis patients were screened and 469 patients who had used cinacalcet were included in the study. the patients were divided into 4 groups according to drug usage durations (Group 1: 3 months, Group 2: 6 months, Group 3: 9 months and Group 4: 12 months). the patients' Parathormone, Ca, P and CaxP levels at the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months were compared to the start of treatment and previous months. RESULTS: the levels of Parathormone, Ca, P and CaxP significantly decreased compared to their initial levels in all groups (from 1412 pg/ml to 1222 pg/mL for Parathormone, p< 0,001) in the 3rd month. However, this reduction was not continued in the subsequent months (Parathormone: 1381 pg/ml for the 12th month). CONCLUSION: Cinacalcet may not provide adequate benefit in control of hyperparathyroidism in Turkish hemodialysis patient population

Diagnosis of comorbid migraine without aura in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy based on the gray zone approach to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 criteria

BackgroundMigraine without aura (MwoA) is a very frequent and remarkable comorbidity in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy (I/GE). Frequently in clinical practice, diagnosis of MwoA may be challenging despite the guidance of current diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3). In this study, we aimed to disclose the diagnostic gaps in the diagnosis of comorbid MwoA, using a zone concept, in patients with I/GEs with headaches who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert.MethodsIn this multicenter study including 809 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of I/GE with or without headache, 163 patients who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert as having a comorbid MwoA were reevaluated. Eligible patients were divided into three subgroups, namely, full diagnosis, zone I, and zone II according to their status of fulfilling the ICHD-3 criteria. A Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed to bring out the meaningful predictors when evaluating patients with I/GEs for MwoA comorbidity, using the variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.ResultsLonger headache duration (&lt;4 h) followed by throbbing pain, higher visual analog scale (VAS) scores, increase of pain by physical activity, nausea/vomiting, and photophobia and/or phonophobia are the main distinguishing clinical characteristics of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GE, for being classified in the full diagnosis group. Despite being not a part of the main ICHD-3 criteria, the presence of associated symptoms mainly osmophobia and also vertigo/dizziness had the distinguishing capability of being classified into zone subgroups. The most common epilepsy syndromes fulfilling full diagnosis criteria (n = 62) in the CART analysis were 48.39% Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy followed by 25.81% epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone.ConclusionLonger headache duration, throbbing pain, increase of pain by physical activity, photophobia and/or phonophobia, presence of vertigo/dizziness, osmophobia, and higher VAS scores are the main supportive associated factors when applying the ICHD-3 criteria for the comorbid MwoA diagnosis in patients with I/GEs. Evaluating these characteristics could be helpful to close the diagnostic gaps in everyday clinical practice and fasten the diagnostic process of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GEs

Local food availability in menus of hotels: The case of Batman, Turkey

The purpose of this study is to find out the availability of the local dishes of the city of Batman in the menus of the accommodation establishments. Therefore, at first, the local dishes of this city were compiled via document analysis technique. As a result of this compilation, for the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers or head chefs of 13 accommodation establishments located in Batman. As a result of these interviews, it was revealed that none of the accommodation establishments include local dishes in their menus. Furthermore, other results presented that the visitors have a demand towards local dishes and that they prefer local dishes when it is offered as an alternative. Within the context of local dishes, it was exhibited that the local tandoor bread was served to the visitors only in three hotels operating in a bed and breakfast system and this bread has been in demand

Local food availability in menus of hotels: The case of Batman, Turkey

The purpose of this study is to find out the availability of the local dishes of the city of Batman in the menus of the accommodation establishments. Therefore, at first, the local dishes of this city were compiled via document analysis technique. As a result of this compilation, for the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers or head chefs of 13 accommodation establishments located in Batman. As a result of these interviews, it was revealed that none of the accommodation establishments include local dishes in their menus. Furthermore, other results presented that the visitors have a demand towards local dishes and that they prefer local dishes when it is offered as an alternative. Within the context of local dishes, it was exhibited that the local tandoor bread was served to the visitors only in three hotels operating in a bed and breakfast system and this bread has been in demand