Ni doblaje ni subtitulación. El gran éxito del voice-over en la televisión polaca

En comparación con la subtitulación y el doblaje, el voice-over es con toda probabilidad la modalidad de la traducción audiovisual que menos interés ha suscitado en el ámbito académico (Franco et al. 2010). En muchos países se utiliza solo en traducciones de documentales o noticias, pero en otros, como en Polonia, el voice-over es empleado también en la traducción de obras de ficción. En el conjunto de la Unión Europea, y pese a las manifestaciones de algunos autores, como Chaume (2012), que de forma genérica mantienen que el voice-over sigue presente en los antiguos países bajo la órbita soviética, lo cierto es que solo cinco estados miembros de la Unión Europea mantienen viva dicha modalidad: además de la citada Polonia, Lituania, Letonia, Bulgaria y, aunque de forma parcial Estonia (Comisión Europea 2011). A los que cabe añadir, aunque fuera ya del ámbito de la Unión Europea, Rusia y Ucrania

La comunidad Shipibo-Konibo en Lima y el derecho a la ciudad

The paper starts with a description of the Amazon migration to Lima and the concept of the right to the city, then the following section presents the history of the Cantagallo neighborhood and how Shipibo residents position themselves, organize the political struggle, and collaborate with municipal and national institutions. The study is based on visits and interviews carried out during fieldwork in Lima in 2013 and 2014 and subsequent desk research and remote follow-up interviews in 2020 and 2021 that allowed to present and analyze the specific case of the Cantagallo community and Shipibos’ attempts to exercise basic citizen rights. In this paper, I would like to suggest that the notion of the right to the city may be an effective concept for indigenous urban communities in the formulation and execution of their rights and citizenship.Este artículo parte de una breve descripción de la migración amazónica a Lima y el concepto del derecho a la ciudad, luego la siguiente sección presenta la historia del barrio Cantagallo y cómo los habitantes de origen shipibo se posicionan, organizan la lucha política y colaboran con las instituciones municipales y nacionales. El estudio se basa en visitas y entrevistas realizadas durante el trabajo de campo en Lima en 2013 y 2014 y posterior investigación documental y entrevistas de seguimiento a distancia en 2020 y 2021 que permitieron presentar y analizar el caso específico de la comunidad de Cantagallo y los intentos de los shipibos en ejercer derechos ciudadanos básicos. En el presente artículo me gustaría sugerir que la noción del derecho a la ciudad puede ser un concepto efectivo para las comunidades indígenas urbanas en la formulación y ejecución de sus derechos y ciudadanía

Evidencias y contraintuiciones en la traducción indirecta audiovisual. El caso particular del documental ‘Komeda. La banda sonora d´una vida’.

El presente trabajo centra su atención en el fenómeno de la traducción indirecta en el ámbito de la traducción audiovisual. Tras un análisis pormenorizado de los problemas de traducción detectados en la cadena de subtitulación polaco-inglés-catalán de la película documental Komeda. A soundtrack for a life, se evidencia como, contraria-mente a lo que se podría esperar, algunas de las inexactitudes presentes en la traducción puente no se arrastran a la traducción de llegada

Todas las sangres : Peruvian multiculturalism in a migrant settlement of metropolitan Lima

The paper presents multiculturalism as a cultural and social phenomenon experienced in migrant settlements in Metropolitan Lima. It will use Nuevo Pachacútec, a young migrant settlement in the Northern cone of the metropolitan area, as a case study. The multiculturalism of Lima has been driven and catalyzed by internal migration process, and is now clearly visible in some urban migrant settlements of the Peruvian capital. The case of Nuevo Pachacútec proves that multiculturalism functions best on a micro scale. Multiculturalism in Peru is analyzed from three angles: as a grassroots policy and principle of cultural organizations; as the diversity of residents in terms of origin and religion; and as the experience of the community and its new approach to celebrating fiestas. The nuanced nature of young migrant settlements is expressed by the phrase, Todas las sangres, which symbolizes the cultural heterogeneity of urban space

La comunidad Shipibo-Konibo en Lima y el derecho a la ciudad

The paper starts with a description of the Amazon migration to Lima and the concept of the right to the city, then the following section presents the history of the Cantagallo neighborhood and how Shipibo residents position themselves, organize the political struggle, and collaborate with municipal and national institutions. The study is based on visits and interviews carried out during fieldwork in Lima in 2013 and 2014 and subsequent desk research and remote follow-up interviews in 2020 and 2021 that allowed to present and analyze the specific case of the Cantagallo community and Shipibos’ attempts to exercise basic citizen rights. In this paper, I would like to suggest that the notion of the right to the city may be an effective concept for indigenous urban communities in the formulation and execution of their rights and citizenship.Este artículo parte de una breve descripción de la migración amazónica a Lima y el concepto del derecho a la ciudad, luego la siguiente sección presenta la historia del barrio Cantagallo y cómo los habitantes de origen shipibo se posicionan, organizan la lucha política y colaboran con las instituciones municipales y nacionales. El estudio se basa en visitas y entrevistas realizadas durante el trabajo de campo en Lima en 2013 y 2014 y posterior investigación documental y entrevistas de seguimiento a distancia en 2020 y 2021 que permitieron presentar y analizar el caso específico de la comunidad de Cantagallo y los intentos de los shipibos en ejercer derechos ciudadanos básicos. En el presente artículo me gustaría sugerir que la noción del derecho a la ciudad puede ser un concepto efectivo para las comunidades indígenas urbanas en la formulación y ejecución de sus derechos y ciudadanía

Glial clocks : the role of glial cells in the circadian plasticity.

Plastyczność okołodobowa (ang. circadian plasticity) układu nerwowego to szczególny rodzaj plastyczności, której istotę stanowią rytmiczne (o okresie rytmu około 24 godziny) zmiany morfologii i fizjologii struktur nerwowych. Są one generowane przez tzw. zegary okołodobowe. Najnowsze badania wykazały, że oprócz neuronów, także niektóre typy komórek glejowych mogą pełnić rolę zegarów. Dysponując endogennym mechanizmem zegarowym wytwarzającym dobowe oscylacje, komórki te wykazują w ciągu doby rytmiczne zmiany morfologii i ekspresji określonych genów. Mogą wpływać na działanie zegarów neuronalnych oraz rytmikę behawioralną organizmu. W przedstawionej pracy dokonano przeglądu najnowszych badań nad rolą komórek glejowych w generowaniu oraz regulacji okołodobowej rytmiki struktur nerwowych

Methods for determination of fetal hemoglobin

The identification of the new form of hemoglobin in fetus red blood cells (HbF), different from adult hemoglobin (HbA), was made over one hundred years ago. Since this time, various methods of fetal hemoglobin measurement have been designed. Most of them are based on the different biochemical characteristics of HbF. Fetal hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen is substantially greater than that of adult hemoglobin. The first techniques for the determination of fetal hemoglobin were based on its resistance to denaturation by alkaline solutions. Currently, the measurement of hemoglobin F is an important part of diagnosis of sickle cell disease, thalassemia, hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, and fetomaternal hemorrhage. Amongst the most commonly used and clinically important methods, high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, capillary isoelectric focusing, Kleihauer–Betke test, and flow cytometry should be listed

Is routine performance of the uterine cervix canal curettage prior to the curettage of the uterine cavity justified?

Objectives: Endocervical curettage (ECC) together with the dilatation and curettage of the uterine cavity (D & C) is routinely performed in everyday clinical practice. The aim of this study is to assess the rationale of the performance of ECC prior to D & C in indications other than abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Material and methods: Case histories of 736 patients after ECC performed in the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Warsaw, were analyzed retrospectively, the indications for the procedure — age, menopausal status, parity, procedure operator’s experience — as well as the result of the histopathology examination were taken into account. Three groups of patients were distinguished based on the indications for the procedure. Results: In 645 (87.6%) of cases normal histopathology results were obtained. 40 (5.4%) cases were abnormal. 31 cases of uterine cervix dysplasia were disclosed (CIN 1–20; CIN 2–5; CIN 3–6), 8 cases of endometrial cancer and 1 case of cancer of the uterine cervix were disclosed. In 51 (7%) of cases tissue material for histopathology examination was not obtained. In patients where ECC and D & C were performed due to indications other than abnormal bleeding from uterine cavity, no abnormal results were revealed. In addition, in this group the highest number of non-diagnostic ECCs was reported (11.59%; p < 0.05). Conclusions: In the case of endometrial biopsy for indications other than AUB routine ECC prior to D & C need not be performed

Public spirometry campaign in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease screening – hope or hype?

INTRODUCTION: Underdiagnosis of COPD seems to be a relevant clinical and social problem. We hypothesized that active public spirometry campaign may help identify subjects with airflow limitation consistent with COPD. The aim of the study was (1) to evaluate the willingness of random smokers to undergo public spirometry, (2) to assess the ability to obtain an acceptable quality spirometry during a public campaign, and (3) to assess the relationships between the presence and severity of respiratory symptoms and readiness to undergo spirometry. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pedestrians aged > 40 years and a smoking history > 10 pack-years were recruited by medical students to fill a questionnaire and perform spirometry. Those with obstructive or borderline ventilatory insuffciency were invited and encouraged to undergo stationary spirometry in a pulmonary outpatient department. RESULTS: Nine hundred and five subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were invited to the study. Only 178 subjects agreed to complete the questionnaire and undergo spirometry. Airway obstruction and borderline spirometry result (classified as possible airway obstruction) were found in 22 and 37 subjects, respectively. Of these, only 15 patients attended follow-up visit to verify public spirometry results. Extrapolation of the limited data showed the incidence of newly diagnosed airway obstruction as 10.7%. CONCLUSION: Public spirometry campaign does not seem to be an effective way of COPD screening. Smokers are reluctant to undergo complimentary spirometry even in the presence of pronounced respiratory symptoms. Our observations may be helpful in elaborating future screening programs for COPD.

High incidence of abnormal circadian Bood Pressure profiles in patients on steroid replacement therapy due to Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia without overt hypertension : initial results

that disruptions in the cortisol diurnal rhythm may affect the blood pressure (BP) profile. Aim: To evaluate the circadian BP profiles of patients with secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) on steroid replacement therapy and to compare BP profiles of patients receiving hydrocortisone (HC) in different dosing schedules. Methods: The study included 33 patients: 15 SAI and 18 CAH (mean age 13.2 years 95CI 11.3-15.1). There were no patients with previously diagnosed overt hypertension. Patients with SAI received a mean of 7.39 mg/m2 of HC in 3 daily doses (in the morning (M) 50%, in the afternoon (A) 25%, in the evening (E) 25%), CAH patients 17.9 mg/m2 of HC in the following dosing schedules: 5 patients in 3 equal doses, 7 patients received M: 40% A: 40% E: 20%, the remaining 6 patients had the same dosing schedule as patients with SAI. Fludrocortisone (FC) was given to 13 patients with CAH in 2 equal daily doses. The total dose of HC/FC as well as the dosing schedule of HC was adjusted individually based on clinical and biochemical outcomes. Standard 24-hour BP monitoring (ABPM) was performed using an Ambulatory BP Monitor (Space labs 90217, USA). Results: The majority of the patients (almost 70% SAI, 80% CAH) presented with an abnormal 24-hour BP profile. There were no significant differences in ABPM results between SAI and CAH patients, and no differences between CAH patients treated with and without FC. There was no correlation between HC and FC doses [mg/m2 ] and ABPM results except that mean night SBP values increased with greater HC doses (r=0.51, p<0.05). Among the CAH group the highest percentage of abnormal ABPM results was observed in patients who received HC in doses: M: 50% A: 25% and E: 25%, the most favorable BP profile was observed in patients with dosing schedule: M: 40%, A: 40%, E: 20%. However there were no significant differences between patients with different treatment protocols, the results suggest that observed disruptions of the BP profile could be related to the HC dosing schedule. Conclusions: The incidence of abnormal BP profiles in patients on steroid replacement therapy due to SAI and CAH without overt hypertension is high. The disruptions of the BP profiles are not associated with the dose of HC or FC. The abnormal BP profiles in patients with SAI or CAH may be related to the HC dosing schedule. 24-hour ABPM seems to be a useful, non-invasive and safe method for the monitoring of HC and FC replacement therapy in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Further investigations in the larger groups of patients are needed