Propuesta de fortalecimiento del clima organizacional para la Alcaldía municipal de Santa Tecla.

La Alcaldía Municipal de la ciudad de Santa Tecla es una institución de derecho público; autónoma en lo económico, técnico y administrativo; la cual tiene como propósito brindar los servicios municipales de manera eficiente, oportuna, transparente y con participación ciudadana. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es diseñar una “PROPUESTA DE FORTALECIMIENTO DEL CLIMA ORGANIZACIONAL EN LA ALCALDÍA MUNICIPAL DE SANTA TECLA”, que contribuya a mejorar el rendimiento laboral de los empleados. La primera fase de la investigación se enfocó en recopilar la información bibliográfica necesaria para la estructuración del marco teórico; luego se procedió a realizar la investigación de campo. Para la elaboración de esta investigación fue necesario contar con la colaboración del personal de la Alcaldía, conformado por una muestra de noventa y tres empleados. De esta manera se obtuvo información que permitió diagnosticar la situación que actualmente se vive en esta institución, donde se identificaron los principales problemas que afectan el Clima Organizacional, agrupándolos en ocho dimensiones representativas: Estructura organizativa, Liderazgo, Recompensas, Calidad de vida en el trabajo, Relaciones interpersonales, Comunicación, Motivación y Condiciones ambientales de trabajo. A través del análisis FODA se han incluido recomendaciones genéricas para superar los problemas detectados. Entre las principales conclusiones se pueden mencionar la desmotivación en algunas áreas de trabajo; inconformidad en cuanto al sistema de recompensas y de ascensos; la comunicación y las relaciones interpersonales que se dan entre los miembros, son deficientes, lo cual influye en el desempeño laboral. Una de las recomendaciones más relevantes que se puede mencionar es la implementación de una propuesta de fortalecimiento del Clima Organizacional que sirva como base para superar las debilidades encontradas en los elementos evaluados

epsilon-Contaminated priors in contingency tables

An r x s table is used for different approaches to statistical inference. We develop a Bayesian procedure to test simple null hypotheses versus bilateral alternatives in contingency tables. We consider testing equality of proportions of independent multinomial distributions when the common proportions are known. A lower bound of the posterior probabilities of the null hypothesis is calculated with respect to a mixture of a point prior on the null and an epsilon-contaminated prior on the proportions under the alternative. The resulting Bayes tests are compared numerically to Pearson's chi(2) in a number of examples. For the examined examples the lower bound and the p-value can be made close. The obtained results are generalized when the common proportions vector under the null is unknown or has a known functional form

Topology detection in cavity QED

We explore the physics of topological lattices models in c-QED architectures for different coupling strengths. For this, we develop an approach combining the input-output formalism with Mean Field theory, which includes self-consistency and quantum fluctuations to first order. We apply our method to the case of a fermionic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chain and discuss the possibility to use the cavity transmission as a topological marker. We find that this is possible for a wide range of coupling strengths and that the initial state of the chain can have an important impact. In addition, we discuss the persistence of topological features when the coupling strength increases, in terms of an effective Hamiltonian, and calculate the entanglement entropy. Our approach can be applied to other fermionic systems, opening a route to the characterization of their topological properties.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure

Hyperspectral image processing for the identification and quantification of lentiviral particles in fluid samples

Optical spectroscopic techniques have been commonly used to detect the presence of biofilm-forming pathogens (bacteria and fungi) in the agro-food industry. Recently, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy revealed that it is also possible to detect the presence of viruses in animal and vegetal tissues. Here we report a platform based on visible and NIR (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging for non-contact, reagent free detection and quantification of laboratory-engineered viral particles in fluid samples (liquid droplets and dry residue) using both partial least square-discriminant analysis and artificial feed-forward neural networks. The detection was successfully achieved in preparations of phosphate buffered solution and artificial saliva, with an equivalent pixel volume of 4 nL and lowest concentration of 800 TU·μL−1. This method constitutes an innovative approach that could be potentially used at point of care for rapid mass screening of viral infectious diseases and monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Instituto de Salud Carlos III COV20-00080 and COV20-00173Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación EQC2019-006240-PComisión Europea JRC HUMAINT projec

Total replacement of recycled aggregate and treated wastewater: concrete recycling in extremis

Million tons of construction and demolition waste (CDW) are generated every year around the world, and most of them are not adequately disposed, generating significant pollution on water, soil and air. Additionally, the use of freshwater in industrial processes, such as the production of cement, concrete manufacturing and curing for newly-built structures; has damaged the health of our freshwater ecosystems, reducing their volume and hindering their natural cycle of renovation. Therefore, the incorporation of recycled aggregate (RA) and treated wastewater (TW) as substitutes for the usual aggregates (UA) and freshwater, could generate significant environmental benefits. In this research, a comparative analysis of the experimental results of the properties of fresh and hardened concrete with different replacement percentage of UA for RA, is presented; and as an innovation the use TW. The results show that, regardless of the replacement percentage and use of treated wastewater, a concrete with RA and TW (recycled concrete in extremis, CRiE) had a satisfactory and acceptable or equivalent performance, not differing significantly from the performance of conventional concrete (CC), confirming that the use of RA for concrete building is feasible.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study

Background: Toenails are commonly used as biomarkers of exposure to zinc (Zn), but there is scarce information about their relationship with sources of exposure to Zn. Objectives: To investigate the main determinants of toenail Zn, including selected sources of environmental exposure to Zn and individual genetic variability in Zn metabolism. Methods: We determined toenail Zn by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 3,448 general population controls from the MultiCase-Control study MCC-Spain. We assessed dietary and supplement Zn intake using food frequency questionnaires, residential proximity to Zn-emitting industries and residential topsoil Zn levels through interpolation methods. We constructed a polygenic score of genetic variability based on 81 single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in Zn metabolism. Geometric mean ratios of toenail Zn across categories of each determinant were estimated from multivariate linear regression models on log-transformed toenail Zn. Results: Geometric mean toenail Zn was 104.1 μg/g in men and 100.3 μg/g in women. Geometric mean toenail Zn levels were 7 % lower (95 % confidence interval 1–13 %) in men older than 69 years and those in the upper tertile of fibre intake, and 9 % higher (3–16 %) in smoking men. Women residing within 3 km from Zn-emitting industries had 4 % higher geometric mean toenail Zn levels (0–9 %). Dietary Zn intake and polygenic score were unrelated to toenail Zn. Overall, the available determinants only explained 9.3 % of toenail Zn variability in men and 4.8 % in women. Discussion: Sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, diet, and environmental exposure explained little of the individual variability of toenail Zn in the study population. The available genetic variants related to Zn metabolism were not associated with toenail Zn

Analysis of obligations regarding cost calculation in spanish public administrations

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de los intentos legisladores encaminados a establecer la obligatoriedad del cálculo de costes en las administraciones públicas. A pesar de los múltiples esfuerzos normativos, la aplicación de la contabilidad de costes no se ha generalizado en el ámbito del sector público, pues muy pocas instituciones determinan sus costes. En la actualidad, se está produciendo un gran impulso en la aplicación de esta herramienta, debido a la exigencia de presentar un resumen de costes en la memoria de las entidades pertenecientes al sector público administrativo.El proyecto que financió este estudio es el siguiente: “Modelo de Contabilidad y Análisis de Costes para biobancos”, financiado por la Red Nacional de Biobancos perteneciente al Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Número de Registro IN-0702-11