Eastern European migration to Portugal: from an unexpected migration to an uncertain future

In Portugal, Eastern European immigrants only become numerically significant at the end of the 1990s. Until that time, the Portuguese immigration landscape was mainly characterized by the presence of citizens from former Portuguese colonies in Africa and from Brazil. The study of this phenomenon is particularly interesting because it allows to analyse the constitution and development of a new immigration flow and of new immigrant communities in the country and, since the 2008 crisis, to investigate the strategies that immigrants use to face an economic situation that seems to hinder the fulfilment of their initial motivations for migration. Considering the importance of economic motives, it should be expected that, if the reason that justified migration can no longer be satisfied in Portugal,migrants would adopt strategies to attain their economic wellbeing elsewhere. By focusing on the possibilities that migrants consider when planning their future trajectories in a context marked by an economic downturn, this analysis intends to shed light on some of the factors that could impact on these possibilities. It will be shown that these are not limited by the dichotomy of staying or returning, but are spread over a continuum of mobility options in-between the two extreme options (staying or returning). The objective of this article is twofold. First, it presents the evolution of immigration in Portugal giving special attention to the inflow of Eastern European immigrants at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Second, it intends to analyse the effects of the 2008 economic crisis on this immigration flow and the various options that immigrants could follow in their response to a downturn in the economic situation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impacto das políticas de reagrupamento familiar em Portugal

Publicação com o apoio do QREN/POP

Paleobotânica da ilha da Madeira: inventário e revisão da macroflora fóssil de São Jorge e Porto da Cruz

Tese de mestrado em Geologia, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2013Passados mais de 150 anos de interregno das investigações paleobotânicas na ilha da Madeira, a presente dissertação tem por objectivo rever os aspectos históricos, localizar, inventariar e rever as macrofloras de S. Jorge (SJ) e de Porto da Cruz (PC). Historicamente, Lyell e Hartung, descobriram a 18 Janeiro de 1854 em SJ, uma jazida de folhas fósseis de lauráceas e fetos. Resultantes desta descoberta, foram publicados dois artigos, um por Heer (1857) e outro por Bunbury (1859). Os espécimes destas publicações estão alojados respectivamente no ETH-Z-DERDW, e no NHM-UK e SMC; uma terceira colecção colhida por Hartung está actualmente desaparecida. Em 1859, Johnson descobre a jazida de PC. Deste local três colecções são conhecidas: colecção de Hartung (1864), actualmente desaparecida; colecção de Starkie Gardner (1882), alojada no NHM-UK; colecção de Grabham, alojada no SMC, não publicada. Não foi possível identificar o afloramento da jazida de SJ, mas foi possível o seu enquadramento litoestratigráfico entre a Unidade de Penha d’Águia e Unidade de Curral das Freiras (CVM 3g) com idade com idade ≥1,8 Ma. A jazida de PC foi identificada e enquadrada na Unidade do Funchal (CVS 2g), com idade entre 1,8 a 1,5 Ma. A realização de um log estratigráfico do local revelou 11 sequências sedimentares subdivididas em 23 estratos. A revisão florística dos macrofósseis de SJ revelou a presença de 19 morfótipos, contrastando com os 37 originalmente propostos, sendo que 14 são atribuíveis a géneros actuais. A composição florística fóssil de SJ poderá corresponder à actual associação florística da Laurissilva temperada do Til. Na macroflora de PC são reconhecidos quatro morfótipos, sendo um novo (Equisetum sp.) Esta macroflora pouco diversa poderá estar associada à colonização da superfície de sucessivos depósitos de inundação e à sua fossilização por eventos subsequentes no interior de uma bacia sedimentar.After more than 150 years of paleobotanical investigations interregnum in Madeira Island, this dissertation aims to revive and present the history, location, inventory and review of the S. Jorge (SJ) and Porto da Cruz (PC) macroflora. Historically, Lyell and Hartung discovered on January 18, 1854 in SJ, a leaf-bed full of laurels and fern fossils. The results of this discovery were published in two papers, one by Heer (1857) and another by Bunbury (1859). The specimens of these publications are currently housed in the ETH-Z-DERDW, and NHM-UK and SMC, respectively; a third collection gathered by Hartung is currently missing. In 1859, Johnson discovers the deposit of PC. From this site 3 collections are known: Hartung collection, published in 1864, now missing; Starkie Gardner collection, published in 1882, housed in the NHM-UK; Grabham collection, housed in the SMC, unpublished. It was not possible to identify the outcrop of the leaf-bed of SJ, but but it was possible to establish its lithostratigraphic setting in the Penha d’Águia Unit and Curral das Freiras Unit (CVM 3g), set in the ≥ 1.8 Ma. The PC sediments were identified and stratigraphically set in the 1.8 to 1.5 Ma old Funchal Unit (CVS 2g). The stratigraphy is composed of 11 sedimentary sequences comprising 23 strata. The floristic review SJ macrofossils revealed the presence of 19 morphotypes, contrasting with the 37 originally proposed, and 14 are attributable to current genera. The floristic composition of SJ fossils may correspond to the current floristic association of Temperate Til Laurel forest. In PC macroflora, 4 morphotypes were recognized, and a new one recognized (Equisetum sp.). This species-poor macroflora may be associated to opportunistic colonizations of the surface of successive flood deposits and their cover by ensuing events inside the sedimentary basin

Darwin, Hooker and Arruda Furtado and the palaeobotany of Azores: Rediscovering the first collections

The historical investigation of the palaeobotany of the Azores Islands led to the recent rediscovery of the leaf fos sils initially collected by Arruda Furtado in the late 19th century. Advised by Sir Charles Darwin and Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker to search for plant fossils, Arruda Furtado found the first specimens in São Miguel Island, and sent them to the UK for further identification. A recent search at the Natural History Museum, UK, revealed that from a total of sixteen specimens, only one specimen survived. In the same tray, two undescribed specimens from Furnas (São Miguel) were found. Here we describe and identify them as Woodwardia radicans, Laurus azorica and an unidentified fern. The taphonomy indicates that these fossils were preserved in a trachytic tuff, possibly related to the explosive episodes of the Furnas volcano, indicating that they could be late Pleistocene to Holocene in age. This report aims to highlight the potential of future palaeobotanical studies of the Azores Islands.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio