47 research outputs found
Lost in Space? Reconstructing Frank Willettâs excavations at Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife, Nigeria: Rescue Excavations (1957â1958) and Trench XIV (1962â1963)Lost in Space? Reconstructing Frank Willettâs excavations at Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife, Nigeria: Rescue Excavations (1957â1958) and Trench XIV (1962â1963)
From December 1957 to January 1958, Frank Willett conducted a ârescueâ excavation at Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife (Nigeria), to investigate the fortuitous discovery of rare brass artifacts by laborers preparing the land for a construction project. Ita Yemoo soon emerged as a significant site, and Willett conducted subsequent archaeological campaigns between 1958 and 1963. The site became famous for its âbronzesâ and several terracotta heads excavated in situ, which became icons of Ifeâs âflorescenceâ period during the 13th and 14th centuries CE. However, the fame of the site contrasts with the absence of detailed published material on its archaeology. In this paper, we use photographs, sketches, and field notebooks from the rich but little-known archival collection donated by Frank Willett to the University of Glasgow, to reconstruct the details of his first season at this site, interpret his findings and reflect on the necessity to rediscover and publish the lost archives of Africaâs archaeological heritage.
Entre dĂ©cembre 1957 et janvier 1958, Frank Willett dirigea une fouille de sauvetage Ă Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife (NigĂ©ria), afin dâapporter un Ă©clairage scientifique sur la dĂ©couverte fortuite par les ouvriers dâun chantier de construction dâun groupe de rares artefacts en laiton. Ita Yemoo allait se rĂ©vĂ©ler ĂȘtre un site archĂ©ologique majeur, et F. Willett y poursuivit ses travaux de 1958 Ă 1963. Le site devint fameux pour ses « bronzes » et pour plusieurs tĂȘtes en terre cuite dĂ©couvertes in situ, Ă©levĂ©es au rang dâicĂŽnes de lâart dâIfe durant sa pĂ©riode de « florescence » entre les xiiie et xive siĂšcles de notre Ăšre. Son renom contraste cependant avec lâabsence de publication dĂ©taillĂ©e de son archĂ©ologie. Dans cet article, nous faisons usage de photographies, croquis et notes de terrain extraits dâun fonds dâarchives, riche mais encore peu connu, lĂ©guĂ© par Frank Willett Ă lâuniversitĂ© de Glasgow ; notre objectif est de reconstituer les dĂ©tails de sa premiĂšre saison de fouilles sur ce site, interprĂ©ter ses observations et proposer une rĂ©flexion sur la nĂ©cessitĂ© de redĂ©couvrir et de publier les archives oubliĂ©es du patrimoine archĂ©ologique de lâAfrique
Centre de recherche sur la prĂ©- et protohistoire de la MĂ©diterranĂ©e â CRPPM
Marie Laroche, doctorante Apparition et dĂ©veloppement des premiĂšres mĂ©tallurgies en Europe occidentale (IVe-IIIe millĂ©naires avant J.-C.) Le sĂ©minaire a permis de dresser un Ă©tat des connaissances sur les modalitĂ©s et les impacts du dĂ©veloppement de la premiĂšre mĂ©tallurgie du cuivre. Il ciblait en particulier les techniques dâextraction miniĂšre connues et les procĂ©dĂ©s de transformation des minerais de cuivre. Pour bien comprendre le schĂ©ma de diffusion, notre dĂ©veloppement a pour point de dĂ©p..
Repression of PLA2R1 by c-MYC and HIF-2alpha promotes cancer growth
Loss of secreted phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R1) has recently been found to render human primary cells more resistant to senescence whereas increased PLA2R1 expression is able to induce cell cycle arrest, cancer cell death or blockage of cancer cell transformation in vitro, suggesting that PLA2R1 displays tumor suppressive activities. Here we report that PLA2R1 expression strongly decreases in samples of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Knockdown of PLA2R1 increases renal cancer cell tumorigenicity supporting a role of PLA2R1 loss to promote in vivo RCC growth. Most RCC result from Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor loss-of-function and subsequent gain-of-function of the oncogenic HIF-2alpha/c-MYC pathway. Here, by genetically manipulating VHL, HIF-2alpha and c-MYC, we demonstrate that loss of VHL, stabilization of HIF-2alpha and subsequent increased c-MYC activity, binding and transcriptional repression, through induction of PLA2R1 DNA methylation closed to PLA2R1 transcriptional start site, results in decreased PLA2R1 transcription. Our results describe for the first time an oncogenic pathway leading to PLA2R1 transcriptional repression and the importance of this repression for tumor growth
Toll-like receptor 4 selective inhibition in medullar microenvironment alters multiple myeloma cell growth.
peer reviewedBone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are abnormal in multiple myeloma (MM) and play a critical role by promoting growth, survival, and drug resistance of MM cells. We observed higher Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene expression in MM MSCs than in MSCs from healthy donors. At the clinical level, we highlighted that TLR4 expression in MM MSCs evolves in parallel with the disease stage. Thus, we reasoned that the TLR4 axis is pivotal in MM by increasing the protumor activity of MSCs. Challenging primary MSCs with TLR4 agonists increased the expression of CD54 and interleukin-6 (IL-6), 2 factors directly implicated in MM MSC-MM cell crosstalk. Then, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of a TLR4 antagonist combined or not with conventional treatment in vitro with MSC-MM cell coculture and in vivo with the Vk*MYC mouse model. Selective inhibition of TLR4 specifically reduced the MM MSC ability to support the growth of MM cells in an IL-6-dependent manner and delayed the development of MM in the Vk*MYC mouse model by altering the early disease phase in vivo. For the first time, we demonstrate that specific targeting of the pathological BM microenvironment via TLR4 signaling could be an innovative approach to alter MM pathology development
Perioperative hemodynamic optimization using the photoplethysmography in colorectal surgery (the PANEX3 trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Refouiller le site urbain dâIle-Ife. Vers une chronologie de lâancienne ville yoruba et une rĂ©Ă©valuation de son systĂšme dâenceintes
Carnet d'Afriques. Actualité de la recherche en histoire de l'Afrique avant le XXe siÚcl
Perdus dans lâespace ? Reconstituer les chantiers archĂ©ologiques de Frank Willett Ă Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife, NigĂ©ria : fouilles de sauvetage (1957-1958) et tranchĂ©e XIV (1962-1963)
International audienceFrom December 1957 to January 1958, Frank Willett conducted a ârescueâ excavation at Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife (Nigeria), to investigate the fortuitous discovery of rare brass artifacts by laborers preparing the land for a construction project. Ita Yemoo soon emerged as a significant site, and Willett conducted subsequent archaeological campaigns between 1958 and 1963. The site became famous for its âbronzesâ and several terracotta heads excavated in situ, which became icons of Ifeâs âflorescenceâ period during the 13th and 14th centuries CE. However, the fame of the site contrasts with the absence of detailed published material on its archaeology. In this paper, we use photographs, sketches, and field notebooks from the rich but little-known archival collection donated by Frank Willett to the University of Glasgow, to reconstruct the details of his first season at this site, interpret his findings and reflect on the necessity to rediscover and publish the lost archives of Africaâs archaeological heritage.Entre dĂ©cembre 1957 et janvier 1958, Frank Willett dirigea une fouille de sauvetage Ă Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife (NigĂ©ria), afin dâapporter un Ă©clairage scientifique sur la dĂ©couverte fortuite par les ouvriers dâun chantier de construction dâun groupe de rares artefacts en laiton. Ita Yemoo allait se rĂ©vĂ©ler ĂȘtre un site archĂ©ologique majeur, et F. Willett y poursuivit ses travaux de 1958 Ă 1963. Le site devint fameux pour ses « bronzes » et pour plusieurs tĂȘtes en terre cuite dĂ©couvertes in situ, Ă©levĂ©es au rang dâicĂŽnes de lâart dâIfe durant sa pĂ©riode de « florescence » entre les xiiie et xive siĂšcles de notre Ăšre. Son renom contraste cependant avec lâabsence de publication dĂ©taillĂ©e de son archĂ©ologie. Dans cet article, nous faisons usage de photographies, croquis et notes de terrain extraits dâun fonds dâarchives, riche mais encore peu connu, lĂ©guĂ© par Frank Willett Ă lâuniversitĂ© de Glasgow ; notre objectif est de reconstituer les dĂ©tails de sa premiĂšre saison de fouilles sur ce site, interprĂ©ter ses observations et proposer une rĂ©flexion sur la nĂ©cessitĂ© de redĂ©couvrir et de publier les archives oubliĂ©es du patrimoine archĂ©ologique de lâAfrique
Multiparty attention management for an embodied conversational agent
International audienc
Data-Driven Generation of Eyes and Head Movements of a Social Robot in Multiparty Conversation
International audienceGiven the importance of gaze in Human-Robot Interactions (HRI), many gaze control models have been developed. However, these models are mostly built for dyadic face-to-face interaction. Gaze control models for multiparty interaction are more scarce. We here propose and evaluate data-driven gaze control models for a robot game animator in a three-party interaction. More precisely, we used Long Short-Term Memory networks to predict gaze target and context-aware head movements given robotâs communication intents and observed activities of its human partners. After comparing objective performance of our data-driven model with a baseline and ground truth data, an online audiovisual perception study was conducted to compare the acceptability of these control models in comparison with low-anchor incongruent speech and gaze sequences driving the Furhat robot. The results show that our data-driven prediction of gaze targets is viable, but that third-party raters are not so sensitive to controls with congruent head movements
Highlighting a Solid-Like Behavior in RTILs: Tri-octylmethylammonium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide TOMA-TFSI
International audienceCareful measurements of the dynamic response of the room -temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) trioctylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide reveal that it exhibits actually a (low-frequency) solid-like response when solicited at the submillimeter scale with a low shear strain. The solid-like response is measured away from the glass transition (at around 100 °C above Tg), ruling out reminiscent transitional effects but suggesting that the dynamic properties of the RTIL are governed by long-range elastic intermolecular interactions