Les mots de la corruption : la déviance publique dans les dictionnaires d'Ancien Régime

[eng] Abstract The vocabulary of public deviance worked simultaneously on two different levels : that of legal accuracy (concussion, péculat, exaction), which made it possible to isolate the corresponding practices and to qualify them as crimes ; and that of inclusion within general categories such as abus, lèse-majesté or malversation, which had a strong political or moral dimension. The study of the word "corruption " in the second part of the work shows that it had moral meaning inherited from the Aristotelian tradition. 'Corruption,' with its moral overtones, was initially unrelated to the penal question of public deviance. Rather, it marked the fundamental discrepancy between man and the virtue of justice. [fre] Résumé Par l'examen systématique des dictionnaires de langue française des XVF-Xvnr3 siècles, cet article vise à retrouver les termes selon lesquels les hommes de l'Ancien Régime condamnaient les manquements commis par les agents publics dans l'exercice de leur charge. Ce lexique de la «déviance publique» jouait simultanément sur deux plans: celui de la précision juridique (concussion, péculat, exaction), qui permettait d'isoler des pratiques et de les qualifier de crimes ; celui de la généralisation et de l'inclusion dans des catégories qui, tels l'abus, la lèse-majesté et la malversation, présentaient une forte dimension morale et politique. La deuxième partie, consacrée au mot corruption, montre que ce terme possédait des acceptions morales héritées de la tradition aristotélicienne, ce qui Féloignait du plan strictement pénal pour l'installer sur le terrain théologico-moral: «corruption» signalait avant tout une dissociation capitale, celle de l'homme par rapport à la vertu de justice.

e-Relationships for e-Readiness: culture and corruption in international e-B2B

The role of electronic networks in B2B relationships has been growing exponentially. From massive internet B2B exchanges to tiny RFID chips, B2B is increasingly becoming e-B2B. Whilst e-B2B has been explored intra-nationally, its international counterpart is less well documented; as has been the role that culture might play in the development of international e-B2B relationships. In this paper we address this important issue of international e-business relationships. Specifically we explore the interconnection between national e-readiness and cultural values, and address the research question: How do cultural values impact a nation's readiness to engage in e-business? Drawing upon international surveys we link cultural values with national e-business infrastructure. Our findings suggest an intriguing link between cultural values and a nation's readiness for e-B2B. From these results we develop managerial recommendations and extrapolate research opportunities