Gross features of the spectrum of the 36Ar nucleus

Samples of the spectrum of the 36Ar nucleus are known in different energy windows. In addition to the ground state region (GS), the superdeformed (SD) state is observed, too, and there is a good candidate for the hyperdeformed (HD) one, as well. They are populated in different reactions. We intend to describe the gross features of the spectra of different energies, deformations and reactions in a unified way. We apply the multiconfigurational dynamical symmetry (MUSY). The SU(3) quantum numbers of the shape isomers from previous studies pave the way for this description. The MUSY reproduces the gross features of the spectra to a reasonable approximation. The energy spectrum of the three valleys (GS, SD, HD) indicates that the multiconfigurational symmetry is valid to a good approximation, and different cluster configurations coexist in the shape isomers.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

Molekuláris tényezők szerepe az inzulinrezisztencia–elhízás–2-es típusú diabetes patogenetikai kapcsolatban = Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

A zsírszövetben az inzulinreceptor jelátviteli folyamatait auto-, para- és endokrin hatásokkal szabályozó számos fehérje termelődik és szekretálódik. Ezek közül több, így a tumornekrózis-faktor-α és szolúbilis receptor formái, az sTNFR1 és sTNFR2, a rezisztin, retinolkötő fehérje-4, plazminogénaktivátor-inhibitor, lipokain-1 gátolja az inzulin jelátviteli folyamatait és inzulinrezisztenciát okoz, elsősorban a zsírszövetben, a májban, az izomszövetben, az agyban, az endothelsejtekben, valamint a hasnyálmirigy β-sejtjeiben. Más fehérjék, így az adiponektin, visfatin, vaspin, omentin, apelin és chemerin pedig javítják az inzulinreceptor jelátvitelét. Az összefoglalás áttekinti az inzulinreceptor jelátviteli folyamatainak főbb részleteit és kitér az elhízásban, valamint a 2-es típusú cukorbetegségben észlelhető inzulin- és citokinrezisztenciák patomechanizmusában a közelmúltban megismert molekuláris tényezőkre (például a suppressor of cytokine signaling fehérje család). | Adipose tissue cells express and secrete numerous proteins influencing the signal transduction pathways of insulin receptor by auto-, para- and endocrine manner. Several cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α and its soluble receptor forms, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4, plasminogen activator inhibitor, lipocain 1 inhibit the signalization of insulin receptor causing insulin resistance in target tissues, mainly in adipose, liver and muscle, brain, endothelial as well as in pancreatic β-cells. However, many other proteins produced by the fat tissue, such as adiponectin, visfatin, vaspin, apelin, omentin and chemerin enhance the signal transmission of the receptor. Recently discovered common mechanisms leading to insulin and cytokine resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, e.g. protein family of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) are also discussed

Design and optimization of an alternative high efficiency sample introduction system for single particle ICP-MS analysis

In this study we present the development process of an alternative sample introduction system for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICP-MS) with the aim of improving the efficiency and capabilities of single particle ICP-MS measurements. The system consists of a high efficiency pneumatic nebulizer, and a low memory effect, high transport efficiency onaxisspray chamber which are currently under manufacturing utilizing a high resolution, multijet (MJP) 3D printer. Both part underwent several fluid dynamic simulations to debunk potential design flaws and to assess their optimal operating conditions before their production

Characteristics of allergic colitis in breast-fed infants in the absence of cow’s milk allergy

AIM: To investigate the characteristics of mucosal lesions and their relation to laboratory data and long-term follow up in breast-fed infants with allergic colitis. METHODS: In this study 31 breast-fed infants were prospectively evaluated (mean age, 17.4 wk) whose rectal bleeding had not ceased after a maternal elimination diet for cow's milk. Thirty-four age-matched and breast-fed infants (mean age, 16.9 wk) with no rectal bleeding were enrolled for laboratory testing as controls. Laboratory findings, colonoscopic and histological characteristics were prospectively evaluated in infants with rectal bleeding. Long-term follow-up with different nutritional regimes (L-amino-acid based formula or breastfeeding) was also included. RESULTS: Iron deficiency, peripheral eosinophilia and thrombocytosis were significantly higher in patients with allergic colitis in comparison to controls (8.4 ± 3.2 μmol/L vs 13.7 ± 4.7 μmol/L, P < 0.001; 0.67 ± 0.49 G/L vs 0.33 ± 0.17 G/L, P < 0.001; 474 ± 123 G/L vs 376 ± 89 G/L, P < 0.001, respectively). At colonoscopy, lymphonodular hyperplasia or aphthous ulceration were present in 83% of patients. Twenty-two patients were given L-amino acid-based formula and 8 continued the previous feeding. Time to cessation of rectal bleeding was shorter in the special formula feeding group (mean, 1.4 wk; range, 0.5-3 wk) when compared with the breast-feeding group (mean, 5.3 wk; range, 2-9 wk). Nevertheless, none of the patients exhibited rectal bleeding at the 3-mo visit irrespective of the type of feeding. Peripheral eosinophilia and cessation of rectal bleeding after administration of elemental formula correlated with a higher density of mucosal eosinophils. CONCLUSION: Infant hematochezia, after cow's milk allergy exclusion, is generally a benign and probably self-limiting disorder despite marked mucosal abnormality. Formula feeding results in shorter time to cessation of rectal bleeding; however, breast-feeding should not be discouraged in long-lasting hematochezia

Triptofán és bizonyos metabolitjainak koncentrációjának meghatározása Creutzfeldt-Jakob betegeknél = The assessment of concentrations of certain tryptophan metabolites in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

The kynurenine (KYN) pathway (KP), also known as the route where more than 95% of the tryptophan (TRP) is metabolized, in its steps of catabolism forms different metabolites which contribute to the neuroprotective–neurodegenerative changes in central nervous system. For this reason, TRP metabolism is extensively studied in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease), where the neurologically active metabolite concentration changes are followed. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), which is an endogenous N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, is considered to be a neuroprotective agent. In the present study TRP, KYN and KYNA were determined from human serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and age- and gender-matched controls, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) applying UV and fluorescent detectors. The developed method was optimized and validated according to the International Congress Harmonization Guidelines. The precision and recovery values ranged between 1.60-4.36%, 81.61-101.09%, respectively. There were no differences between the groups with regard all the measured metabolites. The application of the developed validated method enabled the simultaneous determination of certain metabolites of the KP of TRP metabolism, but no evident alterations were found in patients with CJD