Investigation of the relationship between budget deficit and ınflation in the framework of tanzi and patinkin effects

Tanzi etkisi, enflasyonun bütçe açıklarını arttırdığı ifade ederken; Patinkin etkisi enflasyonun bütçe açıklarını azalttığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da 1995-2018 dönemleri için 28 OECD ülkesinde hangi etkinin geçerli olduğunu test etmektir. Çalışmada, serilerin durağanlığının tespiti için 1.nesil panel birim kök testlerinden LLC, IPS, Fisher ADF ve Fisher PP panel birim kök testleri uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda serilerin seviyesinde durağan olduğu görülmüştür. Değişkenler seviyesinde durağan olduğu için uzun dönemli ilişkiyi veren eşbütünleşme testine geçilmemiştir. Granger nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre; ele alınan ülkeler için enflasyondan bütçe açığına doğru tek yönlü nedensel ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan VAR modelinde de enflasyonla bütçe açıkları arasındaki negatif ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada Patinkin etkisinin geçerli olduğu görülmüştür.While Tanzi effect stated that inflation increased budget deficits, the Patinkin effect shows that inflation reduces budget deficits. The aim of this study is to test which effect is valid in 28 OECD countries for the period 1995-2018. In the study, LLC, IPS, Fisher ADF and Fisher PP panel unit root tests, which are among the first generation panel unit root tests, were applied to determine the stability of the series. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that the series were stationary at the level. Since the variables are stationary at the level, the cointegration test that gives the long-term relationship did not been passed. According to the Granger causality test results; one-way causality was determined from inflation to budget deficit for the countries discussed. On the other hand, the negative relationship between inflation and budget deficits was determined in the VAR model. In addition, the effect of Patinkin was found to be valid in the study

Alüminyum Plakaların Balistik Performansının Araştırılması

Konferans Bildirisi -- Teorik ve Uygulamalı Mekanik Türk Milli Komitesi, 2015Conference Paper -- Theoretical and Applied Mechanical Turkish National Committee, 2015Metal bilimcilerin geniş araştırma ve çalışmaları sonucu alüminyum alaşımı levhalar düşük yoğunluk, yüksek yapısal mukavemet ve enerji emiş kapasitesi özellikleri nedeniyle uçak yapıları, gemi, bina ve köprü gibi çok çeşitli uygulamaların yanında hafif korunma sistemlerinde de sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Alüminyum plakaların balistik performansının araştırılması yapılmıştır. Yapıda kullanılan plakalar 10 mm kalınlığında ve 50x50mm boyutunda 2024-T3 alüminyum alaşımıdır. Alüminyum plakaların plaka açısı ve plaka kalınlığı değiştirilerek v=750 m/s hızda gönderilen FSP (Parçacık Benzetimli Mermiler) mermiye karşı optimum değerleri hesaplanmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca 10 mm plaka ve merminin normalle yaptığı açı ? = 0º, 30º, 45º ve 60º olacak şekilde Lambert-Jonas yaklaşımına göre balistik limit hızı tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Alüminyum Alaşımlar, Balistik Test, Balistik limit, Açılı DarbeAs a result of extensive research and studies of metallurgists, aluminum plates are frequently used in a wide variety of applications including aircraft structures, ships, bridges, and buildings, in addition to light protection systems because of the characteristics of low density, high structural strength and energy absorption capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the ballistic performance of aluminum plates. 10-mm thick and 50x50mm sized 2024-T3 aluminum plates were used in structures. The plate angle and plate thickness of aluminum plates were changed and optimum values were investigated subject to the FSP (Fragment Simulating Projectile) projectile sent with a velocity of 750 m/s. Furthermore, ballistic limit velocity according to Lambert-Jonas approach was identified in such a way that the angle which 10 mm plate and projectile make with the normal would be ? = 0°, 30°, 45° and 60°. Key Words: Aluminum Alloys, Ballistic Test, Ballistic Limit, Oblique Impac

Communication-aware Drone Delivery Problem

The drone delivery problem (DDP) has been introduced to include aerial vehicles in last-mile delivery operations to increase efficiency. However, the existing studies have not incorporated the communication quality requirements of such a delivery operation. This study introduces the communication-aware DDP (C-DDP), which incorporates handover and outage constraints into the conventional multi-depot multi-trip green vehicle routing problem with time windows. In particular, any trip of a drone to deliver a customer package must require less than a certain number of handover operations and cannot exceed a predefined outage duration threshold. A mixed integer programming (MIP) model is developed to minimize the total flight distance while satisfying communication constraints. We present a genetic algorithm (GA) that can solve large instances and compare its performance with an off-the-shelf MIP solver. Computational study shows that the GA and MIP solver performances are equivalent to solving smaller instances. We also compare the GA performance against another evolutionary algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO), for larger instances and find that the GA outperforms the PSO with slightly longer CPU times. The results indicate that ignoring the communication constraints would cause significant operational disruption risk and this risk can be easily mitigated with a slight sacrifice from flight distances by incorporating the proposed communication constraints. In particular, the communication performance can be improved by up to 28.9% when the flight distance is increased by 19.1% at most on average.</p

Design and implementation of doppler microwave motion sensor for indoor application

Ministry of Science, Industry & Technology - Turkey: 0230.STZ.2013-1 VIKO Electrical & Electronics Industry Inc. :0230.STZ.2013-1This paper presents a systematic integration and circuits design scheme of ISM-band Doppler radar for shortrange applications. The authors designed a complete CW Doppler radar transceiver and made a test for verification. Firstly, we establish a system model by conventional radar equation. Secondly, design the schematics of main modules including an oscillator, a mixer, and antennas. Finally, perform system integration using the designed circuits diagrams and parameters. The performance is found fairly satisfactory by test verificatio

Serum amphiregulin and cerebellin 1 levels in primary hypertension patients

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, stroke, congestive heart disease and renal failure. Primary hypertension is a multi-factorial complex disease and its exact etiology still remains unknown. In this study we aimed to compare serum amphiregulin and cerebellin-1 levels of primary hypertension patients with healthy subjects. Material and methods: Forty-four hypertensive patients and 44 healthy people were included. Patients with systolic blood pressure measurements ≥ 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure measurements ≥ 90 mm Hg were evaluated as hypertensive. Serum amphiregulin and cerebellin 1 levels were measured using ELISA method. Results: Mean amphiregulin level was 32.1 (10.2–72.5) pg/mL in hypertension group and 36.9 (15.9–109.5) pg/mL in control group (p = 0.002). Mean cerebellin 1 levels were comparable in both groups, 82.1 (23.9–286.1) pg/mL in hypertensive group and 95.1 (60.2–293) pg/mL in control group (p = 0.261). Serum amphiregulin to predict hypertension was found to be ≤ 23 pg/mL with specificity of 97% and sensitivity of 48.5% (AUC = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62–0.86; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Hypertension is associated with lower serum amphiregulin concentrations

Duloxetine alleviates high light-induced anxiety-related behaviors in Wistar rats

Purpose: To investigate the effect of subchronic duloxetine treatment on high light-induced anxietyrelated behaviors in Wistar rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (n = 30) were randomly assigned to three groups of rats (10 rats/group): control group, 30 mg/kg duloxetine group, and 60 mg/kg duloxetine group. Intraperitoneal injection of duloxetine was given once a day for ten days. The anxiolytic effect of duloxetine in the rats was assessed using light/dark box (LDB) anxiety test. Results: Anxiety-related behaviors were significantly reduced in duloxetine-treated rats, when compared with control group. The reductions were not dose-dependent (light zone time and latency time were significantly increased, while dark zone time decreased significantly, p &lt; 0.05). The number of rearings significantly increased in 30 mg/kg duloxetine group, relative to control and 60 mg/kg duloxetine groups (p &lt; 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the number of light-todark entrances among the groups (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: These results show that subchronic treatment with duloxetine alleviates anxiety-related behaviors in Wistar rats

Plasma osmolality predicts mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a fatal disease. Plasma osmolality with individual impacts of sodium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and glucose has not been studied prognostically in patients with HF. Aim: This study aims to investigate the impact of serum osmolality on clinical endpoints in HF patients. Methods: A total of 509 patients (383 males, 126 females) with HF with reduced ejection fraction in three HF centres were retrospectively analysed between January 2007 and December 2013. Follow-up data were completed for 496 patients. Plasma osmolality was calculated as (2 × Na) + (BUN/2.8) + (Glucose/18). Quartiles of plasma osmolality were produced, and the possible relationship between plasma osmolality and cardiovascular mortality was investigated. Results: The mean follow-up was 25 ± 22 months. The mean age was 56.5 ± 17.3 years with a mean EF of 26 ± 8%. The mean levels of plasma osmolality were as follows in the quartiles: 1st % = 280 ± 6, 2nd % = 288 ± 1, 3rd % = 293 ± 2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 292.72–293.3), and 4th % = 301 ± 5 mOsm/kg. The EF and B-type natriuretic peptide levels were similar in the four quartiles. Univariate and multivariate analyses in the Cox proportional hazard model revealed a significantly higher rate of mortality in the patients with hypo-osmolality. The Kaplan-Meier plot showed graded mortality curves with the 1st quartile having the worst prognosis, followed by the 4th quartile and the 2nd quartile, while the 3rd quartile was shown to have the best prognosis. Conclusions: Our study results suggest that normal plasma osmolality is between 275 and 295 mOsm/kg. However, being close to the upper limit of normal range (292–293 mOsm/kg) seems to be the optimal plasma osmolality level in terms of cardiovascular prognosis in patients with HF.Background: Heart failure (HF) is a fatal disease. Plasma osmolality with individual impacts of sodium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and glucose has not been studied prognostically in patients with HF. This study aims to investigate the impact of serum osmolality on clinical endpoints in HF patients. Methods: A total of 509 patients (383 males, 126 females) with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in three HF centers were retrospectively analyzed between January 2007 and December 2013. Follow up data were completed for 496 patients. Plasma osmolality was calculated as (2*Na)+(BUN/2.8)+(Glucose/18). Quartiles of plasma osmolality were produced and the possible relationship between plasma osmolality and cardiovascular mortality (CV) was investigated.  Results: The mean follow-up was 25±22 months The mean age was 56.5±17.3 years with a mean ejection fraction (EF) of 26±8%. The mean levels of plasma osmolality were as follows in the quartiles: 1st % = 280±6, 2nd % = 288±1, 3rd % = 293±2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 292.72-293.3), 4th % = 301±5 mOsm/kg. The EF and BNP levels were similar in four quartiles. Univariate and multivariate analyses in the Cox proportional hazard model revealed a significantly higher rate of mortality in the patients with hypoosmolality. The Kaplan-Meier plot showed graded mortality curves with the 1st quartile having the worst prognosis, followed by the 4th quartile and the 2nd quartile, while the 3rd quartile was shown to have the best prognosis. Conclusions: Our study results suggest that normal plasma osmolality is between 275 and 295 mOsm/kg. However, being close to the upper limit of normal range (292 to 293 mOsm/kg) seems as the optimal plasma osmolality level in terms of CV prognosis in patients with HF

Rapid Alleviation of Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms via Electrostimulation of Intrinsic Auricular Muscle Zones

Background: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) and the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) significantly improve cardinal motor symptoms and postural instability and gait difficulty, respectively, in Parkinson’s disease (PD).Objective and Hypothesis: Intrinsic auricular muscle zones (IAMZs) allow the potential to simultaneously stimulate the C2 spinal nerve, the trigeminal nerve, the facial nerve, and sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in addition to providing muscle feedback and control areas including the STN, the PPN and mesencephalic locomotor regions. Our aim was to observe the clinical responses to IAMZ stimulation in PD patients.Method: Unilateral stimulation of an IAMZ, which includes muscle fibers for proprioception, the facial nerve, and C2, trigeminal and autonomic nerve fibers, at 130 Hz was performed in a placebo- and sham-controlled, double-blinded, within design, two-armed study of 24 PD patients.Results: The results of the first arm (10 patients) of the present study demonstrated a substantial improvement in Unified Parkinson’s Disease Ratings Scale (UPDRS) motor scores due to 10 min of IAMZ electrostimulation (p = 0.0003, power: 0.99) compared to the placebo control (p = 0.130). A moderate to large clinical difference in the improvement in UPDRS motor scores was observed in the IAMZ electrostimulation group. The results of the second arm (14 patients) demonstrated significant improvements with dry needling (p = 0.011) and electrostimulation of the IAMZ (p &lt; 0.001) but not with sham electrostimulation (p = 0.748). In addition, there was a significantly greater improvement in UPDRS motor scores in the IAMZ electrostimulation group compared to the IAMZ dry needling group (p &lt; 0.001) and the sham electrostimulation (p &lt; 0.001) groups. The improvement in UPDRS motor scores of the IAMZ electrostimulation group (ΔUPDRS = 5.29) reached moderate to high clinical significance, which was not the case for the dry needling group (ΔUPDRS = 1.54). In addition, both arms of the study demonstrated bilateral improvements in motor symptoms in response to unilateral IAMZ electrostimulation.Conclusion: The present study is the first demonstration of a potential role of IAMZ electrical stimulation in improving the clinical motor symptoms of PD patients in the short term

Prognostic and Clinical Role of Contrast Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Bell’s Palsy

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of the magnetic resonance imaging in Bell’s palsy patients.Methods:Patients who were diagnosed and treated with Bell’s palsy between October 2013 and March 2016 retrospectively selected. House–Brackmann grades, pre- and post-treatment pure tone audiograms, stapedial reflexes were analyzed and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans with gadolinium-based contrast agents were evaluated. Contrast-enhanced segments of the facial nerve were determined. MRI findings were compared statistically with pre- and post-treatment grade, recurrence rate of Bell’s palsy, MRI scanning timing, presence of stapes reflexes and posttreatment recovery data.Results:No significant correlation was observed between pretreatment House–Brackmann grades and enhancement (p>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant correlation between clinical recovery and enhancement (p>0.05). Also, no significant correlation was observed between MRI scanning time, the recurrence rate of Bell’s palsy and MRI findings (p>0.05). None of the MRIs showed neoplastic contrast enhancement.Conclusion:The routine use of the contrast-enhanced temporal MRI is not recommended in the diagnosis and monitoring of Bell’s palsy patients, because the contrast enhancement pattern of the facial nerve has no effect on the prognosis of Bell’s palsy. MRI should be used in cases that do not heal despite treatment, for the differential diagnosis of facial nerve tumors and in patients who are candidates for surgical decompression