Fundamental roles of reactive oxygen species and protective mechanisms in the female reproductive system

Controlled oxidation, such as disulfide bond formation in sperm nuclei and during ovulation, plays a fundamental role in mammalian reproduction. Excess oxidation, however, causes oxidative stress, resulting in the dysfunction of the reproductive process. Antioxidation reactions that reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species are of prime importance in reproductive systems in maintaining the quality of gametes and support reproduction. While anti-oxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, play a central role in eliminating oxidative stress, reduction-oxidation (redox) systems, comprised of mainly glutathione and thioredoxin, function to reduce the levels of oxidized molecules. Aldo-keto reductase, using NADPH as an electron donor, detoxifies carbonyl compounds resulting from the oxidation of lipids and proteins. Thus, many antioxidative and redox enzyme genes are expressed and aggressively protect gametes and embryos in reproductive systems

Exosomes and Their Role in Cancer Progression

Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles and their size is approximately 100 nm in diameter. They are surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and secreted from almost all of cells. Exosomes are generated within the endocytic system as ILV (intraluminal membrane vesicle) and secreted during the fusion of MVB (multivesicular body) with the cell membrane. Recently it has been reported that exosomes modulate cell-cell communication contributing to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis by molecules including exosomes. Moreover, exosomes released from cancer cells are involved in cancer progression. Thus, data regarding the role of the exosomes in malignant cancer will lead to development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods

Cardiac Arrest Due to Tension Pneumoperitoneum Caused by Esophagogastric Perforation and Pyloric Stenosis : A Case Report

Article信州医学雑誌 67(2): 113-119(2019)journal articl

TNP-470 Suppresses the Tumorigenicity of HT1080 Fibrosarcoma Tumor Through the Inhibition of VEGF Secretion From the Tumor Cells

Angiogenesis inhibitors are a novel class of promising therapeutic agents for treating cancer. TNP-470, a systemic analogue of fumagillin, is an angiogenesis inhibitor capable of suppressing the tumorigenicity in several animal models even though the mechanisms of action have not been completely clarified. In the current study, we investigated the effects of TNP-470 on human fibrosarcoma cells in vivo and in vitro. The administration of TNP-470 could suppress the tumorigenicity of HT1080 fibrosarcoma tumor. The conditioned medium from HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells treated with TNP-470 inhibited the proliferation and migration of human endothelial cell line, HUVEC and ECV304. The concentration of VEGF in the conditioned medium from HT1080 cells treated with TNP-470 was lower than that of the cells without TNP-470 treatment, indicating that TNP-470 downregulates the secretion of VEGF from HT1080 cells. These findings strongly suggest that the direct action of TNP-470 on sarcoma cells inhibits angiogenesis through the downregulation of VEGF secretion and this angiogenesis suppression resulted in the inhibition of tumorigenicity of HT1080 fibrosarcoma tumo

黒色腫細胞において、miR-19bはPITX1 mRNAを標的としてhTERT mRNAの発現を制御する

Purpose: This article sheds light onto the increasing problem of product returns, which is exacerbated by growing e-commerce. Many retailers and academics are oblivious to the nature and scale of this challenge. Interdisciplinary research is needed to develop supporting theory, and cross-functional teams are required to implement measures addressing economic, ecological and social sustainability issues. Design/methodology/approach: The initial project adopted a multi-case study approach, whereby returns processes were mapped, vulnerabilities identified and a returns cost calculator was developed. Findings: Product returns processes are usually complicated, prone to internal and external fraud, inefficient and lack sustainability. They can generate considerable losses to the business, especially as returns data are often not systematically collected, monitored or reported to senior management. There are important implications for strategic and operational management, namely the need to develop a concept for Lean returns systems. Originality/value: Product returns are a unique and understudied but growing field in academic research, with only few publications over the last two decades. Yet the phenomenon is causing increasing problems in business and society. Robust solutions could achieve great financial and non-financial impacts.</p

Економіко-математичне моделювання оптимізації фінансування заходів щодо збереження біорізноманіття (Economic modeling optimization funding for biodiversity)

Удосконалено організаційно-економічний механізм збереження біорізноманіття України відповідно до умов збалансованого розвитку. Обґрунтовано концептуальні положення збереження біорізноманіття, які базуються на соціо-еколого-економічній оцінці функціонування екосистем. Розроблено методологічні підходи до врахування збереження біорізноманіття у національних рахунках держави, що ґрунтуються на визначенні економічної оцінки функціонування природних екосистем. Поглиблено методологію збереження біорізноманіття на основі поєднання і розвитку теорії систем та інституціональної економіки. Розширено механізми застосування інноваційних інструментів збереження біорізноманіття. Розроблено концептуальні підходи маркетингової стратегії розвитку природно-заповідних територій на основі формування їх позитивного іміджу й адаптації до ринкових умов. (The investigation is devoted to the organization-economic mechanism improvement of the biodiversity conservation in Ukraine in relation to the sustainable development conditions. The conceptual principles of the biodiversity that are based on ecological and social and economic assessment of ecosystem functioning were scientifically proved for the first time in this research. The methodological approaches to the biodiversity conservation in the national state accounts were developed and they are based on the new calculations of the economic evaluation of the natural ecosystem functioning. The methodology and tools of the economic mechanism for resolving environmental conflicts at international level are improved. The methodology of the biodiversity conservation which is based on the institutional economics theory and the systems theory was improved. The innovative mechanisms for biodiversity conservation tools were expanded.