Fermi Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula HESS J1640-465

We present observations of HESS J1640-465 with the Fermi-LAT. The source is detected with high confidence as an emitter of high-energy gamma-rays. The spectrum lacks any evidence for the characteristic cutoff associated with emission from pulsars, indicating that the emission arises primarily from the pulsar wind nebula. Broadband modeling implies an evolved nebula with a low magnetic field resulting in a high gamma-ray to X-ray flux ratio. The Fermi emission exceeds predictions of the broadband model, and has a steeper spectrum, possibly resulting from a distinct excess of low energy electrons similar to what is inferred for both the Vela X and Crab pulsar wind nebulae.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF A CORN-SOYBEAN CROP ROTATION UNDER VARIOUS INPUT COMBINATIONS IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS

Eight input combinations of commercial fertilizer, insecticides, and herbicides on a corn-soybean crop rotation in the Brazos River Bottom of Texas are evaluated. Input combinations which do not fully utilize all three inputs are consistently ranked higher by all criteria as the preferred input strategy for the corn-soybean rotation system. These results, which indicate limited input crop rotations that fall somewhere between the extremes of conventional agricultural production and organic agriculture, deserve further attention as a possible production alternative.corn, limited input, soybean, Crop Production/Industries,

A construction for a counterexample to the pseudo 2-factor isomorphic graph conjecture

A graph $G$ admiting a $2$-factor is \textit{pseudo $2$-factor isomorphic} if the parity of the number of cycles in all its $2$-factors is the same. In [M. Abreu, A.A. Diwan, B. Jackson, D. Labbate and J. Sheehan. Pseudo $2$-factor isomorphic regular bipartite graphs. Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B, 98(2) (2008), 432-444.] some of the authors of this note gave a partial characterisation of pseudo $2$-factor isomorphic bipartite cubic graphs and conjectured that $K_{3,3}$, the Heawood graph and the Pappus graph are the only essentially $4$-edge-connected ones. In [J. Goedgebeur. A counterexample to the pseudo $2$-factor isomorphic graph conjecture. Discr. Applied Math., 193 (2015), 57-60.] Jan Goedgebeur computationally found a graph $\mathscr{G}$ on $30$ vertices which is pseudo $2$-factor isomorphic cubic and bipartite, essentially $4$-edge-connected and cyclically $6$-edge-connected, thus refuting the above conjecture. In this note, we describe how such a graph can be constructed from the Heawood graph and the generalised Petersen graph $GP(8,3)$, which are the Levi graphs of the Fano $7_3$ configuration and the M\"obius-Kantor $8_3$ configuration, respectively. Such a description of $\mathscr{G}$ allows us to understand its automorphism group, which has order $144$, using both a geometrical and a graph theoretical approach simultaneously. Moreover we illustrate the uniqueness of this graph

World-wide epidemiology of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B and associated precore and core promoter variants

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72281/1/j.1365-2893.2002.00304.x.pd

Desorption of CO from Ru(001) induced by near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses

Irradiation of a Ru(001) surface covered with CO using intense femtosecond laser pulses (800 nm, 130 fs) leads to desorption of CO with a nonlinear dependence of the yield on the absorbed fluence (100–380 J/m2). Two-pulse correlation measurements reveal a response time of 20 ps (FWHM). The lack of an isotope effect together with the strong rise of the phonon temperature (2500 K) and the specific electronic structure of the adsorbate–substrate system strongly indicate that coupling to phonons is dominant. The experimental findings can be well reproduced within a friction-coupled heat bath model. Yet, pronounced dynamical cooling in desorption, found in the fluence-dependence of the translational energy, and in a non-Arrhenius behavior of the desorption probability reflect pronounced deviations from thermal equilibrium during desorption taking place on such a short time scale

I Am Distinctive When I Belong: Meeting the Need for Optimal Distinctiveness through Team Identification

The development of stronger team identity has previously been explained through the social identity aspect of belonging. Although this has contributed much to our understanding of sport fans, it has neglected an alternative explanation for team identity, specifically the search for distinctiveness. How then do fans develop stronger team identity by \u27standing out\u27 as opposed to \u27fitting in\u27? This paper provides evidence of seven identity management strategies used by fans with a strong psychological connection to their chosen team. Saturation sampling was employed to interview 29 South African rugby union fans via semi-structured interviews, followed by a directed approach to content analysis. The results contribute a stronger explanation of how the psychological need for optimal distinctiveness functions within the attachment process towards stronger fan loyalty, and provides a more complete explanation for the way in which fans can \u27stand out\u27 while still belonging

DETERMINATION OF THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF HALOTHANE (OR ISOFLURANE) IN BLOOD

A gas chromatographic method is described for the direct quantitative determination of the partial pressure of halothane {or isoflurane) in blood as well as the blood-gas partition coefficient. A head space technique and a flame ionization detector were used. Standard blood was obtained by equilibrating patients' blood with known gas concentrations in a tonometer. Using an infra-red analyser to measure the halothane gas concentration in the tonometer and within the anaesthetic system allowed for the direct comparison of the partial pressure in blood to the partial pressure in the inspired gas. Technical problems associated with this procedure, and with comparable methods, are discusse

Ultrafast electron dynamics at metal surfaces: Competition between electron-phonon coupling and hot-electron transport

An experimental scheme (double pump/reflectivity probe using femtosecond laser pulses) enables the investigation of nonequilibrium electron dynamics at metal surfaces by measuring the equilibrated surface temperature. The competition between electron-phonon coupling and hot-electron transport gives rise to a reduced equilibrated temperature when the two pump pulses overlap in time, and provides a way of accurately determining the electron-phonon coupling constant. These observations have important consequences for femtosecond photochemical investigations

Adjacency Matrices of Configuration Graphs

In 1960, Hoffman and Singleton \cite{HS60} solved a celebrated equation for square matrices of order $n$, which can be written as $$(\kappa - 1) I_n + J_n - A A^{\rm T} = A$$ where $I_n$, $J_n$, and $A$ are the identity matrix, the all one matrix, and a $(0,1)$--matrix with all row and column sums equal to $\kappa$, respectively. If $A$ is an incidence matrix of some configuration $\cal C$ of type $n_\kappa$, then the left-hand side $\Theta(A):= (\kappa - 1)I_n + J_n - A A^{\rm T}$ is an adjacency matrix of the non--collinearity graph $\Gamma$ of $\cal C$. In certain situations, $\Theta(A)$ is also an incidence matrix of some $n_\kappa$ configuration, namely the neighbourhood geometry of $\Gamma$ introduced by Lef\`evre-Percsy, Percsy, and Leemans \cite{LPPL}. The matrix operator $\Theta$ can be reiterated and we pose the problem of solving the generalised Hoffman--Singleton equation $\Theta^m(A)=A$. In particular, we classify all $(0,1)$--matrices $M$ with all row and column sums equal to $\kappa$, for $\kappa = 3,4$, which are solutions of this equation. As a by--product, we obtain characterisations for incidence matrices of the configuration $10_3F$ in Kantor's list \cite{Kantor} and the $17_4$ configuration #1971 in Betten and Betten's list \cite{BB99}