Comparison of kidney densities of cases with urinary dilatation in unenhanced CT scan

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of renal parenchymal density differences in distinguishing between acute and chronic urinary dilatations. Material and methods: Retrospectively, unenhanced CTs of 98 patients were evaluated. Thirty-three had acute urinary obstruction, and 33 had chronic urinary obstruction. Parenchymal density values (HU) and renal pelvic anterior-osterior (AP) diameters of all groups were evaluated by two different radiologists who were unaware of each other and the content of the study. The t-test was used to compare parenchymal densities and renal pelvic diameter differences with normal, acute urinary dilation and chronic urinary dilation groups. Results: Of the 98 cases who were included in the study, 33 people were in the acute obstruction group (7 females, 26 males), and 33 were in the chronic obstruction group. However, the second observer (observer 2) found a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) during the measurements of density between the obstructed and normal sides. While for the first observer (observer 1), the correlation between right and left renal density measurements of the normal cases was moderate at 0.576; correlation of measurements done by the second observer was found to be high at 0.777. Conclusions: Pale kidney findings seems to be helpful in diagnosis of acute urinary occlusion, but different results are obtained with evaluations made by different observers. Moreover, it is not a specific finding because oedema can also be seen in some other conditions, such as acute pyelonephritis; for this reason, one must be careful during the evaluation of this finding

Outcomes of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed using image-guided core needle biopsy: results from a multicenter retrospective study

PURPOSEThe clinical management of high-risk lesions using image-guided biopsy is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the rates at which such lesions were upgraded to malignancy and identify possible predictive factors for upgrading high-risk lesions.METHODSThis retrospective multicenter analysis included 1.343 patients diagnosed with high-risk lesions using an image-guided core needle or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). Only patients managed using an excisional biopsy or with at least one year of documented radiological follow-up were included. For each, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category, number of samples, needle thickness, and lesion size were correlated with malignancy upgrade rates in different histologic subtypes. Pearson’s chi-squared test, the Fisher–Freeman–Halton test, and Fisher’s exact test were used for the statistical analyses.RESULTSThe overall upgrade rate was 20.6%, with the highest rates in the subtypes of intraductal papilloma (IP) with atypia (44.7%; 55/123), followed by atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) (38.4%; 144/375), lobular neoplasia (LN) (12.7%; 7/55), papilloma without atypia (9.4%; 58/611), flat epithelial atypia (FEA) (8.7%; 10/114), and radial scars (RSs) (4.6%; 3/65). There was a significant relationship between the upgrade rate and BI-RADS category, number of samples, and lesion size Lesion size was the most predictive factor for an upgrade in all subtypes.CONCLUSIONADH and atypical IP showed considerable upgrade rates to malignancy, requiring surgical excision. The LN, IP without atypia, pure FEA, and RS subtypes showed lower malignancy rates when the BI-RADS category was lower and in smaller lesions that had been adequately sampled using VAB. After being discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting, these cases could be managed with follow-up instead of excision

Magnetic resonance-based pelvimetry and tumor volumetry can predict surgical difficulty and oncologic outcome in locally advanced mid-low rectal cancer

WOS: 000447980700002PubMed ID: 29961173PurposeTo investigate the impact of the pelvic dimensions and tumor volume on surgery in locally advanced rectal cancer.MethodsPatients who underwent open surgery after neoadjuvant long-course chemoradiation for primary rectal cancer were included. The predictive value of magnetic resonance-based pelvic measurements and tumor volume on the surgical difficulty and oncologic outcome were analyzed.Results125 patients were included. The independent risk factors related to the circumferential resection margin status were the pT stage [odds ratio (OR) 3.64, confidence interval (CI) 1.409-7.327] and tumor volume after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (OR 1.59, CI 1.018-2.767). The operative time (p=0.014, OR 1.453) and pelvic depth (p=0.023, OR 1.116) were independent predictive factors for anastomotic leak. The median follow-up was 72 (2-113) months. Local recurrence was seen in 17 (14.1%) patients. Anastomotic leak (OR 1.799, CI 0.978-3.277), the circumferential resection margin status (OR 3.217, CI 1.262-7.870) and the relative tumor volume rate (OR 1.260, CI 1.004-1.912) were independent prognosticators of local recurrence. The 5-year overall survival was 66.7%. The circumferential resection margin status (hazard ratio: 4.739, CI 2.276-9.317), pN stage (OR 3.267, CI 1.195-8.930) and relative tumor volume rate (OR 2.628, CI 1.042-6.631) were independent prognostic factors for the overall survival.ConclusionsRelative dimensions of the tumor in the pelvis influence the local recurrence and overall survival rates. Magnetic resonance-based measurements can predict the difficulty of surgery and allow surgeons to consider the appropriate surgical approach

Evaluation of Balance Performance of Children with Intellectual Disability

The aim of the study is to evaluate the functional balance in daily living activities of individuals with special needs with mild intellectual disability (ID). The research was carried out on a total of 100 students, 35 females and 65 males, who were studying at Alanya Special Education Vocational School in the 2021-2022 academic year, with an average age of 16.9. In the study, “Pediatric Balance Scale (PBL)” and “Special Needs and Family Information Questionnaire Form” developed by the researchers were used. Statistical analysis was performed to determine whether the functional balance levels of the participants made a difference according to the variables of age, gender and physical activity level and participation status. As a result, physical activity (PA) Participation Status variable; They were examined in two groups as those who regularly participated in PA and those who did not participate in PA. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference in terms of functional balance scores between those who participated in PA and those who did not, but the mean functional balance scores of those who participated in PA (X=50.13) were higher than those who did not participate in PA (X=48.09). Based on these results, it is recommended to test balance skills by participating in long-term and regular physical activity and to use measurement tools whose validity and reliability have been tested in the evaluation of PA in studies that will examine balance skills in children with mild ID