Electrophilic Organoiridiunn(III) Pincer Complexes on Sulfated Zirconia for Hydrocarbon Activation and Functionalization

Single-site supported organometallic catalysts bring together the favorable aspects of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis while offering opportunities to investigate the impact of metal–support interactions on reactivity. We report a (dmPhebox)Ir(III) (dmPhebox = 2,6-bis(4,4-dimethyloxazolinyl)-3,5-dimethylphenyl) complex chemisorbed on sulfated zirconia, the molecular precursor for which was previously applied to hydrocarbon functionalization. Spectroscopic methods such as diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transformation spectroscopy (DRIFTS), dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) were used to characterize the supported species. Tetrabutylammonium acetate was found to remove the organometallic species from the surface, enabling solution-phase analytical techniques in conjunction with traditional surface methods. Cationic character was imparted to the iridium center by its grafting onto sulfated zirconia, imbuing high levels of activity in electrophilic C–H bond functionalization reactions such as the stoichiometric dehydrogenation of alkanes, with density functional theory (DFT) calculations showing a lower barrier for β-H elimination. Catalytic hydrogenation of olefins was also facilitated by the sulfated zirconia-supported (dmPhebox)Ir(III) complex, while the homologous complex on silica was inactive under comparable conditions

Growth, tolerance and safety outcomes with use of an extensively hydrolyzed casein-based formula in infants with cow’s milk protein allergy

ObjectiveTo evaluate growth, tolerance and safety outcomes with use of an extensively hydrolyzed casein-based formula (eHCF) in infants with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA).MethodsA total of 226 infants (mean ± SD age: 106.5 ± 39.5 days, 52.7% were girls) with CMPA who received eHCF comprising at least half of the daily dietary intake were included. Data on anthropometrics [weight for age (WFA), length for age (LFA) and weight for length (WFL) z-scores] were recorded at baseline (visit 1), while data on infant feeding and stool records, anthropometrics and Infant Feeding and Stool Patterns and Formula Satisfaction Questionnaires were recorded at visit 2 (on Days 15 ± 5) and visit 3 (on Days 30 ± 5).ResultsFrom baseline to visit 2 and visit 3, WFA z-scores (from −0.60 ± 1.13 to −0.54 ± 1.09 at visit 2, and to −0.44 ± 1.05 at visit 3, p < 0.001) and WFL z-scores (from −0.80 ± 1.30 to −0.71 ± 1.22 at visit 2, and to −0.64 ± 1.13 at visit 3, p = 0.002) were significantly increased. At least half of infants never experienced irritability or feeding refusal (55.7%) and spit-up after feeding (50.2%). The majority of mothers were satisfied with the study formula (93.2%), and wished to continue using it (92.2%).ConclusionsIn conclusion, eHCF was well-accepted and tolerated by an intended use population of infants  ≤ 6 months of age with CMPA and enabled adequate volume consumption and improved growth indices within 30 days of utilization alongside a favorable gastrointestinal tolerance and a high level of parental satisfaction

An experimental investigation of binding types of reinforcing steel rebars subjected to aggressive solutions under cathodic protection against corrosion

WOS: 000287938100008Reinforcement corrosion in reinforced concrete structures results in significant reduction in durability and may cause premature failure. This study presents an experimental investigation of corrosion in reinforcing steel rebars with different binding types exposed to aggressive solutions of various concentrations under cathodic protection. The corrosion rate in the steel bars for different types of serial bindings was determined through their electrical current resistance. An increase in electrical current resistance represents an increase in corrosion at binding points with time. The study results indicate that the steel rebars under cathodic protection produced relatively less corrosion rate than those without any protection in the same aggressive solutions. The results also show that the type of binding in reinforcing steel has a great influence on corrosion rate

Quality of life in Turkish patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever: Association with fatigue, psychological status, disease severity and other clinical parameters

Aim of the work: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) patients, and determine its association with fatigue, depression, disease severity and other clinical parameters. Patients and methods: Sixty FMF patients were included. QoL was assessed by Short Form-36 (SF-36), depression by Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS), and fatigue by Fatigue severity scale (FSS). Disease severity score and Mutations of the Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene were assessed. Results: The mean age of patients was 33.73 ± 9.81 years and disease duration 14.6 ± 12.1 years. They were 35 females and 25 males. FMF patients scored significantly higher in FSS (29.9 ± 17.6) and HDS (15.1 ± 8.5) compared to the control (10.6 ± 7.1 and 6.3 ± 9.4; p < 0.0001 respectively) while all SF36 sub-items except mental health were significantly lower (p < 0.05). MEFV gene mutation was present in 49 (81.7%) patients. The visual analogue scale of pain significantly negatively correlated with the FSS (p < 0.0001), HDS (p < 0.0001) and all SF36 sub-items except mental health (p < 0.0001). Disease duration, age of onset, and duration of attacks showed no significant correlation with FSS, HDS and SF36. Delay in diagnosis significantly correlated with FSS (p < 0.0001) and negatively with SF36 sub-items physical role (p = 0.02), general health (p = 0.01) and social functioning (p = 0.03). Age of diagnosis significantly correlated with FSS (p = 0.03) and negatively with SF36-vitality (p = 0.047). There was a significant effect of disease severity on QoL, fatigue and depression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: QoL is associated with fatigue, depression and disease severity in FMF patients. It should be used in routine clinical evaluation as an outcome measure in FMF. Keywords: Familial Mediterranean Fever, Quality of life, Fatigue, Depression, Disease severit

Spectroscopic Signatures of Nitrogen-Substituted Zeolites

Zeolites are important heterogeneous acid catalysts with pores the diameter of small molecules. Turning zeolites into bases would open up these unique materials to alkaline-catalyzed reactions, many of which are important in the synthesis of liquid fuels from biomass. One method of preparing alkaline zeolites is to replace some framework oxygen with nitrogen, producing an amine. Unfortunately, such replacements require a post-synthetic treatment, so the question of whether the resulting materials are intact is still open. It is, in general, difficult to characterize these new materials experimentally (since the actual structures can only be guessed), so we employ a mixture of experiment and theory to develop characterization methods suitable for nitrogen-substituted zeolites. We confirm the observation that high-temperature treatment produces new peaks in the silicon NMR spectrum, and present calculations suggesting that these new peaks correspond to framework substitutions. This suggests the possibility of using a zeolitic catalyst in base-catalyzed reactions

Life-Threatening Hypokalemia Presenting with Paralysis after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in a Patient with Nephrolithiasis: A Case Report

Guner Oytun, Merve/0000-0002-7417-5415WOS: 000533604700010Distal renal tubular acidosis (Type 1 RTA) is an acid-base disorder characterized by impaired urinary acidification by the distal tubule. Osteomalacia, rickets, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, and electrolyte imbalance can be seen in these cases. We report the case of a 24-year-old male patient who had low back pain with a history of nephrolithiasis. Routine laboratory results revealed mild hypokalemia and hyperchloremia. After percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery, he developed muscle paralysis with a serum potassium level of 1.3 mEq/L. After intensive treatment of hypokalemia, the patient had normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, high urine pH, high transtubular potassium gradient, nephrocalcinosis, and hypercalciuria and was thus diagnosed as having distal RTA. After stabilization of the patient, he was discharged with oral potassium, bicarbonate, and spironolactone medications. Hypokalemia and hyperchloremia in a patient with a history of recurrent renal stones should be kept in mind for a possible distal RTA diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of this situation not only reduces the formation of renal stones, but also may be lifesaving in rare cases

The Comparison of the Clinical and Metabolic Results of Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Versus One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass in Morbid Obese Patients

Background: The most effective treatment for permanent weight loss is bariatric surgery. The present study aimed to evaluate the early period effects of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass (LOAGB) surgeries on the clinical and metabolic results. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients underwent bariatric surgery. The patients in Group I (n = 42) underwent LRYGB, and patients in Group II (n = 38) underwent LOAGB. Results: Clinical and laboratory improvements were detected in all diabetic patients in both groups starting from the third month after surgery. Third month and sixth month after surgery, more rapid diabetes regulation was detected in Group II (p = 0.0019 and p = 0.0016). There was an improvement in arterial blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein in both groups. The decrease in body mass index was statistically higher in third- and sixth-month controls in Group II (p = 0.004, and p = 0.003). The ratios of excess weight loss % (EWL%) in the third- and sixth-month controls were higher in Group II, which was statistically significant (p = 0.007, and p = 0.008). Conclusions: One-anastomosis gastric bypass is associated with more rapid EWL% and type 2 diabetes remission; also, not inferior to RYGB in terms of other metabolic parameters