A Comprehensive Genetic Analysis of Candidate Genes Regulating Response to Trypanosoma congolense Infection in Mice

About one-third of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk of contracting “Nagana”—a disease caused by Trypanosoma parasites similar to those that cause human “Sleeping Sickness.” Laboratory mice can also be infected by trypanosomes, and different mouse breeds show varying levels of susceptibility to infection, similar to what is seen between different breeds of cattle. Survival time after infection is controlled by the underlying genetics of the mouse breed, and previous studies have localised three genomic regions that regulate this trait. These three “Quantitative Trait Loci” (QTL), which have been called Tir1, Tir2 and Tir3 (for Trypanosoma Infection Response 1–3) are well defined, but nevertheless still contain over one thousand genes, any number of which may be influencing survival. This study has aimed to identify the specific differences associated with genes that are controlling mouse survival after T. congolense infection. We have applied a series of analyses to existing datasets, and combined them with novel sequencing, and other genetic data to create short lists of genes that share polymorphisms across susceptible mouse breeds, including two promising “candidate genes”: Pram1 at Tir1 and Cd244 at Tir3. These genes can now be tested to confirm their effect on response to trypanosome infection

ANALISIS JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI ENZIM TERHADAP DAYA SIMPAN VCO (VIRGIN COCONUT OIL)

Oil products susceptible to damage. Several causes of oil damages is water, light, heat, oxygen, metals, acids, alkalis, and enzymes. This study aimed to obtain information about effect of several types of enzymes, namely crude extract of papain enzyme (from papaya), bromelain enzyme (from pineapple) and zingibain enzyme (from ginger) to the yield and shelf life of the virgin coconut oil was produced. The design of experiments in this study were split plot design with two plots were 3 (three) levels of enzyme type as a main plot and 3 levels of enzyme concentration as a sub plot. Virgin coconut oil stored and tested % FFA content gradually to determine shelf life. Estimation of deterioration rate by using the Arrhenius equation. Shelf life determination based on % FFA of the virgin coconut oil. The results show that shelf life of VCOwith the shortest shelf life wasVCO produced by the papain enzyme, bromelain enzyme, and the longest wasVCO produced by zingibain enzyme, respectively

PREDIKSI KETERSEDIAAN BERAS DI MASYARAKAT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY DAN JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN

Development to predicted Handling availability of food stocks need to be done, one by combining model predictions using fuzzy logic and artificial neural network or more in the know with ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System). Predicted availability of the study aimed to obtain the status of availability of rice in the community by using fuzzy logic and artificial neural network, which later can provide food security in the region. Artificial neural network and fuzzy logic can be used in building an intelligence system to predict the value of the availability of rice in the community. This can be seen from the results of research in which the system was developed using the artificial neural network, and fuzzy logic in general can be said is able to predict the value of the availability of rice in the community with the prediction error is 0.3873 where input from the system we provide is almost exact, with the level of error is relatively small

MODEL PENGADAAN BAHAN BAKU KURMA SALAK MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK LOT for LOT

The raw material is absolutely a need for a company to smooth production process. Procurement of raw materials is a major factor in the production process activities. One measure of the performance of control of raw material procurement is to minimize the cost. This study was conducted to determine and specify in providing a more economical raw materials between methods of this industry and Lot for Lot Technical of Material Requirement Planning. Calculation of the total cost of raw material requirement by considering the cost of purchase and cost of ordering. The data used to calculate the total cost of procurement of products obtained from the data demand of snake fruits are translated based on the structure of the product to determine the need for raw materials. Material Requirement Planning Methods with Lot for Lot technical generate total procurement costs are lower than the method of this industry. The total cost of procurement by the method of the company amounted to Rp 5,396,000.00 and Rp 5,331,600.00 of lot for lot. The savings that can be generated by lot for lot is Rp.160.400 or 2.97%. Based on the results of the calculations are more economical method to be applied in industry with Lot for Lot

Ambulatory blood pressure and Doppler echocardiographic indexes of borderline hypertensive men presenting an exaggerated blood pressure response during dynamic exercise

Borderline hypertension (BH) has been associated with an exaggerated blood pressure (BP) response during laboratory stressors. However, the incidence of target organ damage in this condition and its relation to BP hyperreactivity is an unsettled issue. Thus, we assessed the Doppler echocardiographic profile of a group of BH men (N = 36) according to office BP measurements with exaggerated BP in the cycloergometric test. A group of normotensive men (NT, N = 36) with a normal BP response during the cycloergometric test was used as control. To assess vascular function and reactivity, all subjects were submitted to the cold pressor test. Before Doppler echocardiography, the BP profile of all subjects was evaluated by 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. All subjects from the NT group presented normal monitored levels of BP. In contrast, 19 subjects from the original BH group presented normal monitored BP levels and 17 presented elevated monitored BP levels. In the NT group all Doppler echocardiographic indexes were normal. All subjects from the original BH group presented normal left ventricular mass and geometrical pattern. However, in the subjects with elevated monitored BP levels, fractional shortening was greater, isovolumetric relaxation time longer, and early to late flow velocity ratio was reduced in relation to subjects from the original BH group with normal monitored BP levels (P<0.05). These subjects also presented an exaggerated BP response during the cold pressor test. These results support the notion of an integrated pattern of cardiac and vascular adaptation during the development of hypertension