198 research outputs found
Bajke Ivane BrliÄ-MažuraniÄ i suvremene bajke: komparativni pristup
U ovom diplomskom radu govori se o bajci, podijeli na klasiÄnu i modernu
bajku, te povijesnom pregledu svjetskih i hrvatskih bajki. Postoje razliÄita tumaÄenja
bajke, a jedno od njih opisuje bajku kao priÄu Äudesnog sadržaja sa svojim
kategorijama prostora, vremena i uzroka. Njezina posebnost je u tome Å”to istiÄe
Äudesnost, fantastiÄnost i izmiÅ”ljenost. U radu su predstavljene najpoznatije hrvatske
književnice koje su pisale bajke. Ivana BrliÄāMažuraniÄ hrvatska spisateljica koja je,
piÅ”uÄi bajke, stekla zvuÄni naziv āhrvatskog Andersenaā. ZapoÄevÅ”i svoj književni
rad u privatnim okvirima, piÅ”uÄi prvenstveno za vlastitu djecu, i nastavljajuÄi ga
impresionistiÄkom poezijom, Ivana BrliÄāMažuraniÄ odabrala je otklon od književne
matice uvodeÄi u ruho klasiÄne bajke slavensku mitologiju, hrvatski folklor i
krÅ”Äanski svjetonazor. Iz njenog pera proizaÅ”lo je najznamenitije djelo PriÄe iz
davnine koje objedinjuje osam bajki. U hrvatskoj književnosti put prema
(post)modernoj bajci utrle su književnice SunÄana Å krinjariÄ i Nada IveljiÄ. SunÄana
Å krinjariÄ obogatila je suvremenu bajku brojnim svojim modernim bajkama. Rad se
dotiÄe njenog stvaralaÅ”tva na podlozi bajke, ustroja književne zbilje u njemu, likova i
sredstava koji su prepoznatljivi u modernoj bajci. TreÄa autorica koju analiziramo u
radu je Nada IveljiÄ. Temeljem njezine zbirke Å estinski kiÅ”obran sagledava se
autoriÄin doživljaj narodnih i umjetniÄkih bajki te, narodnog blaga i kulturnog
naslijeÄa uopÄe. TakoÄer, promatra se struktura i znaÄenje njezinih bajki. U radu se
govori i o utjecaju, povezanosti, sliÄnostima i razlikama u pisanju bajki triju
književnica te se sagledavanjem sliÄnosti i razlika izmeÄu njihovih poetika nastoji
dobiti Å”ira slika o položaju, tipu i funkciji bajke u kontekstu hrvatske (djeÄje)
književnosti.This diploma thesis is about a fairy tale, about its classification to classic and
modern fairy tale and the historical review of fairy tales worldwide as well as the
Croatian ones. There are various explanations of what a fairy tale is and one of them
describes it as a story which has miraculous content, with its own categories of
space, time and cause. Its specialty is that it emphasizes wonder, fantasy and
fictitiousness. The most famous Croatian women writers of fairy tales are presented
in this thesis. Ivana BrliÄ-MažuraniÄ, a Croatian writer who acquired the name
āCroatian Andersenā because of her fairy tales. She started her literary work on the
private level, writing for her own children, and continuing it with impressionist
poetry, Ivana BrliÄ-MažuraniÄ chose a different path, away from the literary
mainstream introducing Slavic Mythology into the classic fairy tale frame as well as
the Croatian folklore and Christian worldview. Her pen produced the most important
work Croatian Tales of Long Ago which unites eight fairy tales. The way towards
(post)modern fairy tale was paved by women writers SunÄana Å krinjariÄ and Nada
IveljiÄ. SunÄana Å krinjariÄ enriched contemporary fairy tale with her numerous
modern fairy tales. The thesis also looks into her work based on a fairy tale, into the
structure of literary reality, characters and means which are recognizable in the
modern fairy tale. The third author analysed in this thesis is Nada IveljiÄ. Her
collection Å estinski kiÅ”obran is used to examine the authorās experience of folk a nd
art fairy tales as well as the folk treasure and cultural heritage in general. The
structure and the meaning of her fairy tales is also analysed. The thesis is also about
the influence, connection, similarities and differences in writing fairy tales of the
three women writers. Similarities and differences between their poetics is analysed in
an effort to form a bigger picture of the position, type and function of a fairy tale in
the context of Croatian (childrenās) literature
Otpornost na acetilsalicilnu kiselinu u kasnom poslijeoperacijskom razdoblju nakon kirurŔke revaskularizacije miokarda [Aspirin resistance in late postoperative period after coronary artery bypass grafting]
Study goals: In patients after coronary artery bypass grafting during the early
postoperative stage there is a higher prevalence of aspirin resistance. Data concerning the
issue of aspirin resistance in the late postoperative period are rare. Clinical impact of aspirin
resistance has not yet been thoroughly investigated. The primary objective of this dissertation
was to assess the prevalence of laboratorically defined aspirin resistance during the late
postoperative period after CABG (1-6 months after the procedure) using the method of whole
blood impedance aggregometry. Furthermore, by assessing primary and secondary endpoints,
this study will attempt to show to which extent the laboratorically defined high on-aspirin
platelet reactivity is clinically relevant with regard to major adverse cardiac events. Also we
are addressing the impact of high aspirin dose on the prevalence of aspirin resistance as well
as its clinical significance.
Study design: Prospective monocentric randomized controlled study with 2 years
follow-up period.
Patients and methods: We enrolled 300 consecutive patients over 18 years old
admitted to three week stationary cardiac rehabilitation after CABG meeting all the inclusion
criteria: CABG 1-6 months prior to admission and antiaggregation monotherapy with ASK
100 mg daily (enteric or non-enteric form). To assess aspirin resistance we used whole blood
impedance aggregometry with MultiplateĀ® analizer (Multiple platelet function analyzer).
Residual platelet activity on-aspirin treatment was measured with ASPI and TRAP test. With
respect to impedance aggregometry results two groups of patients were formed: group 1
included patients with significantly depleted platelet function (aspirin sensitive patients) and
group 2 included patients with high on-aspirin platelet reactivity (aspirin resistant patients).
Group 2 patients were afterwards randomized in subgroup 2A (increased the dosage of ASK
to 300 mg daily) and subgroup 2B (100 mg ASK daily) Upon discharge patients were
contacted via telephone after a period of 6 months, one year and again after two years which
was the overall follow-up period in this research. Primary end point of this study was
cardiovascular death. Secondary end points were: recurrent myocardial infarction, progressive
or new onset angina pectoris, recurrent myocardial revascularization (PCI or CABG), heart
failure or arrhythmias which demanded hospitalization, complications of antiaggregation
therapy which demanded hospitalization, stroke and overall mortality.
Results: Prevalence of aspirin resistance in late postoperative phase after CABG was
rather high 40, 3%. The value of ASPI test in late postoperative period in patients after
CABG proved to be clinically non-significant in regard to major adverse cardiac events.
Increasing the dose of ASA from 100 mg up to 300 mg daily we achieved significant
reduction of repeated ASPI test values as expected (P<0,001). Repeated ASPI test values in
2B subgroup of patients at the end of cardiac rehabilitation were also significantly lower
(P<0,001) in comparison with initial testing, although in absolute values still within the range
of aspirin resistance. There were no statistically significant differences in aspirin resistance
prevalence in regard to āon-pumpā CABG (P=0,192). In aspirin resistance group we have
proven significantly higher prevalence of calcium channel blockers usage (P=0,020), NSTE
myocardial infarction (P=0,007), dyslipidemia (P=0,029) statin usage (P=0,032), higher age
(P=0,036) and higher BMI values (P=0,040). Statistically significant differences between two
groups have also been proven in relation to number of grafts, platelet count, SDNN values
and serum creatinine values.
Conclusion: ASPI test results had no predictive value with respect to prevalence of
major adverse cardiac events. The only independent predictor of major primary and
secondary cardiovascular events was the result of TRAP test above the upper reference range
limit (<151). The latter constitutes a significant scientific contribution taking into
consideration the fact that there are so far no available data on TRAP test predictive value in
aspirin resistant CABG patients. Patientsā compliance with respect to antiaggregation therapy
is an imperative when addressing the topic of aspirin resistance prevalence. The results of our
study did not reveal any significant differences in mortality or prevalence of major adverse
cardiac events between two groups of patients. Whether or not to routinely test the platelet
response to aspirin therapy still remains an unanswered question. Further studies including
early and late postoperative period after CABG on greater number of patients using
guidelines oriented antiaggregation therapy are needed in order to define more accurately the
independent predictive factors of aspirin resistant CABG patientsā prognosis
The history of kidney transplantation in the SuŔak hospital
Transplantacija bubrega najuÄinkovitija je metoda nadomjeÅ”tanja bubrežne funkcije.
Iako prvi poÄeci transplantacije datiraju iz druge polovice 19. stoljeÄa, razvoj transplantacije
seže u drugu polovicu 20. stoljeÄa. U bolnici na SuÅ”aku prvi eksperimentalni kirurÅ”ki postupci
koji su prethodili zahvatima na ljudima poÄeli su 1966. godine. Razvoj transplantacije bubrega
omoguÄilo je uvoÄenje dviju drugih metoda nadomjeÅ”tanja bubrežne funkcije ā hemodijalize i
peritonejske dijalize. Time su steÄeni uvjeti za razvoj svih metoda nadomjeÅ”tanja bubrežne
funkcije do danas. Prva transplantacija bubrega sa živog davatelja u bolnici na SuŔaku izvrŔena
je 31. sijeÄnja 1971., a godinu dana kasnije i prva transplantacija bubrega s umrlog davatelja.
Posljednjih 40 godina napredak transplantacijske medicine u Rijeci i Hrvatskoj rezultirao je Äinjenicom
da je Rijeka i danas jedan od vodeÄih transplantacijskih centara u Hrvatskoj, a od
2003. godine Klinika za urologiju je Referentni centar Ministarstva zdravstva za transplantaciju
bubrega. Daljnji razvoj transplantacije bubrega ali i dijalize u Rijeci neupitan je, temelji se na
velikom iskustvu, struÄnosti, znanstvenom radu brojnih naraÅ”taja lijeÄnika i medicinskih sestara,
a osigurava se trajnom edukacijom mladih kroz brojne nastavne sadržaje na Medicinskom
fakultetu SveuÄiliÅ”ta u Rijeci.Kidney transplantation is the most efficient method of renal replacement therapy
(RRT). Although first surgical activities were performed in the 19th century, real development
of the kidney transplantation occured in the second part of 20th century. In the SuŔak hospital,
first experimental surgical acts on the animal models started in year 1966. Development
of kidney transplantation was possible after the introduction of two other methods for RRT
ā hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The first kidney transplantation from living related
donor in the SuŔak hospital was performed on January 31st 1971, one year after first transplantation
from cadaveric donor. In the last 40 years, development of transplantation medicine
in Rijeka and Croatia was succesful and Rijeka is one of the top transplantation centers
in Croatia today. From year 2003, Clinic for urology developed the Referrent center for kidney
transplantation under auspicies of the national Ministry of Health. Development of
both kidney transplantation and dialysis became possible on the base of the great experience,
knowledge and scientific work of generations of doctors and nurses. Permanent education
in the field of RRT of the young generation is a continuous process at the Faculty of
Medicine, University of Rijeka
Bajke Ivane BrliÄ-MažuraniÄ i suvremene bajke: komparativni pristup
U ovom diplomskom radu govori se o bajci, podijeli na klasiÄnu i modernu
bajku, te povijesnom pregledu svjetskih i hrvatskih bajki. Postoje razliÄita tumaÄenja
bajke, a jedno od njih opisuje bajku kao priÄu Äudesnog sadržaja sa svojim
kategorijama prostora, vremena i uzroka. Njezina posebnost je u tome Å”to istiÄe
Äudesnost, fantastiÄnost i izmiÅ”ljenost. U radu su predstavljene najpoznatije hrvatske
književnice koje su pisale bajke. Ivana BrliÄāMažuraniÄ hrvatska spisateljica koja je,
piÅ”uÄi bajke, stekla zvuÄni naziv āhrvatskog Andersenaā. ZapoÄevÅ”i svoj književni
rad u privatnim okvirima, piÅ”uÄi prvenstveno za vlastitu djecu, i nastavljajuÄi ga
impresionistiÄkom poezijom, Ivana BrliÄāMažuraniÄ odabrala je otklon od književne
matice uvodeÄi u ruho klasiÄne bajke slavensku mitologiju, hrvatski folklor i
krÅ”Äanski svjetonazor. Iz njenog pera proizaÅ”lo je najznamenitije djelo PriÄe iz
davnine koje objedinjuje osam bajki. U hrvatskoj književnosti put prema
(post)modernoj bajci utrle su književnice SunÄana Å krinjariÄ i Nada IveljiÄ. SunÄana
Å krinjariÄ obogatila je suvremenu bajku brojnim svojim modernim bajkama. Rad se
dotiÄe njenog stvaralaÅ”tva na podlozi bajke, ustroja književne zbilje u njemu, likova i
sredstava koji su prepoznatljivi u modernoj bajci. TreÄa autorica koju analiziramo u
radu je Nada IveljiÄ. Temeljem njezine zbirke Å estinski kiÅ”obran sagledava se
autoriÄin doživljaj narodnih i umjetniÄkih bajki te, narodnog blaga i kulturnog
naslijeÄa uopÄe. TakoÄer, promatra se struktura i znaÄenje njezinih bajki. U radu se
govori i o utjecaju, povezanosti, sliÄnostima i razlikama u pisanju bajki triju
književnica te se sagledavanjem sliÄnosti i razlika izmeÄu njihovih poetika nastoji
dobiti Å”ira slika o položaju, tipu i funkciji bajke u kontekstu hrvatske (djeÄje)
književnosti.This diploma thesis is about a fairy tale, about its classification to classic and
modern fairy tale and the historical review of fairy tales worldwide as well as the
Croatian ones. There are various explanations of what a fairy tale is and one of them
describes it as a story which has miraculous content, with its own categories of
space, time and cause. Its specialty is that it emphasizes wonder, fantasy and
fictitiousness. The most famous Croatian women writers of fairy tales are presented
in this thesis. Ivana BrliÄ-MažuraniÄ, a Croatian writer who acquired the name
āCroatian Andersenā because of her fairy tales. She started her literary work on the
private level, writing for her own children, and continuing it with impressionist
poetry, Ivana BrliÄ-MažuraniÄ chose a different path, away from the literary
mainstream introducing Slavic Mythology into the classic fairy tale frame as well as
the Croatian folklore and Christian worldview. Her pen produced the most important
work Croatian Tales of Long Ago which unites eight fairy tales. The way towards
(post)modern fairy tale was paved by women writers SunÄana Å krinjariÄ and Nada
IveljiÄ. SunÄana Å krinjariÄ enriched contemporary fairy tale with her numerous
modern fairy tales. The thesis also looks into her work based on a fairy tale, into the
structure of literary reality, characters and means which are recognizable in the
modern fairy tale. The third author analysed in this thesis is Nada IveljiÄ. Her
collection Å estinski kiÅ”obran is used to examine the authorās experience of folk a nd
art fairy tales as well as the folk treasure and cultural heritage in general. The
structure and the meaning of her fairy tales is also analysed. The thesis is also about
the influence, connection, similarities and differences in writing fairy tales of the
three women writers. Similarities and differences between their poetics is analysed in
an effort to form a bigger picture of the position, type and function of a fairy tale in
the context of Croatian (childrenās) literature
Surgical pathology
KirurÅ”ka patologija najznaÄajniji je i vremenski najzahtjevniji dio prakse veÄine patologa. Ima za cilj dati/iskljuÄiti definitivnu dijagnozu bolesti temeljeÄi se na uzorcima tkiva. Dva su glavna tipa tkivnih uzoraka za patoloÅ”ku analizu: biopsije i kirurÅ”ke resekcije. Äetiri su glavna dijela kirurÅ”ke patologije koji se koriste u konaÄnoj dijagnostici tkivnih uzoraka: makroskopski pregled, patohistoloÅ”ki pregled koji se temelji na svjetlosnoj mikroskopiji, imunohistokemija i molekularne/citogenetske analize. Rezultat rada patologa je patohistoloÅ”ko izvjeÅ”Äe. Ono sadrži makroskopski i mikroskopski opis lezije, dijagnozu ili diferencijalnu dijagnozu. Postoje situacije kada je potrebno dijagnozu postaviti za vrijeme kirurÅ”kog zahvata, dok je pacijent pod anestezijom. Tada se koristi hitna ili intraoperacijska biopsija, na smrznutim tkivnim rezovima. Hitna ili intraoperacijska biopsija je hitno stanje u patologiji koje zahtijeva dobru suradnju izmeÄu kirurga i patologa te iskusnog i dobro educiranog patologa koji je svjestan moguÄnosti, ali i ograniÄenja hitne biopsije. Resekcijski rubovi su rubovi ili povrÅ”ine koje je napravio kirurg. Udaljenost izmeÄu tumora i resekcijskog ruba naziva se kirurÅ”ki rub. KirurÅ”ki rubovi izuzetno su važni jer pozitivnost rubova korelira s recidivom bolesti. Definicija pozitivnog kirurÅ”kog ruba ovisi o vrsti tumora, njegovoj biologiji i lokalizaciji bolesti. Jedan od najvažnijih ciljeva kirurÅ”ke patologije je dijagnostika malignih bolesti i procjena proÅ”irenosti bolesti, odnosno klasifikacija tumora, prema odrednicama Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije. PatoloÅ”ka klasifikacija (p) malignih bolesti oznaÄava se kao pTNM (primarni tumor ā T, regionalni limfni Ävorovi ā N, udaljene metastaze ā M). Ona se temelji na podacima dobivenim prije kirurÅ”kog lijeÄenja uz modifikaciju proizaÅ”lu iz patohistoloÅ”ke analize tkiva.The most important part of pathology work is surgical pathology. Its goal is to diagnose or exclude the clinical diagnosis based on tissue samples. Two main types of tissue samples for pathohistologic analyses are biopsies and surgical resections. There are four main parts used in final diagnosis of tissue samples in surgical pathology: macroscopic exam, pathohistologic analysis, immunohistochemistry and molecular/cytogenetic analysis. The result of pathologistsā work is pathohistologic report, which contains macroscopic and microscopic description of a lesion, diagnosis or differential diagnosis. There are situations when diagnosis needs to be established during surgical procedure, while the patient is under anesthesia, so pathologist uses so called intraoperative biopsy or frozen tissue sections. This is an emergency in pathology practice and it requires good cooperation between surgeons and pathologists. The surgical margins are surfaces that were cut by the surgeon. The distance between the tumour and the margin is called surgical margin. Margins are important as an incompletely removed disease process may lead to reccurrence. What defines a positive surgical margin is dependent on the tumour and its biology; definitions of positive margin are dependent on the anatomical site. One of the most important goals of surgical pathology is diagnosis of malignant diseases and assessment of extent of disease, and not less important, tumour classification, defined by World Health Organization. Pathological classification (p) of malignant diseases (or postsurgical pathohistologic classification) is defined as pTNM (T ā tumour, N ā lymph node, M ā distant metastasis). It is based on presurgical clinical data modified by pathohistological data analysis
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