Wędrówki po definicjach.Znaczenia terminów „nowoczesny”/„nowoczesność”/„modernizm”

The main task of the present article is to characterize the changing perspectives in the description and definition of modernism and modernity in a reciprocal relationship of these two categories. The creation of definitions is described here as a processes of fictionalization with a generational viewpoint of scholars. Moreover, the article indicates the difference between a nominal and a relational mode of defining and the question of institutionalization of knowledge within the framework of definition projects. Such research perspectives lead to the conclusion about dialogical and at the same time contradictory character of historical formations of phenomena to which the studied terms allude

Batendo palmas a uma só mão: Colonialismo, pós-colonialismo e as fronteiras espácio-temporais do modernismo

O ensaio põe em causa a ideia dominante de que o Ocidente inventou a modernidade e o modernismo, enquanto o resto do mundo se limitou a imitar o Ocidente mediante formas dele derivadas. Reflecte sobre as paisagens urbanas de Xangai e Manhattan para desfazer a equivalência comummente aceite entre modernização e ocidentalização, e socorre-se da história mundial comparada e dos estudos pós-coloniais para sugerir novos modos de pensar os limites espácio-temporais do modernismo/modernidade. Põe em paralelo as traduções de gravuras japonesas por Cassatt, as adaptações de artefactos africanos por Picasso e a reescrita de Conrad pelo escritor sudanês Tayeb Salih para demonstrar a existência de fluxos culturais transcontinentais na formação de diferentes modernismos.The essay challenges the prevailing view that the West invented modernity and modernism, while the rest imitated the West in derivative forms. It considers the cityscapes of Shanghai and Manhattan to upset common equations of modernization with Westernization and draws on comparative world history and postcolonial studies to offer new ways of thinking about the spatio/temporal boundaries of modernity/modernism. Cassatt’s translations of Japanese woodblock prints, Picasso’s adaptations of African art, and the Sudanese writer Tayeb Salih’s rewriting of Conrad are juxtaposed to demonstrate transcontinental cultural flows in the formation of different modernisms.Cet essai met en cause l’idée dominante selon laquelle l’Occident a inventé la modernité et le modernisme, et ce alors que le reste du monde se serait limité à imiter l’Occident à travers des formes qu’il produit. Nous tentons par conséquent de réfléchir sur les paysages urbains de Chang-hai et de Manhattan, pour mettre en question l’équivalence communément admise entre modernisation et occidentalisation, en nous penchant sur l’histoire mondiale comparée et sur les études post-coloniales, afin de suggérer de nouveaux modes à partir desquels il faudra penser les limites espacio-temporelles du modernisme/modernité. Sur cette voie, nous comparons les traductions des gravures japonaises par Cassatt, les adaptations des artefacts africains par Picasso et la réécriture de Conrad par l’écrivain soudanais Tayeb Salih, pour démontrer l’existence de flux culturels trans-continentaux dans la formation des différents modernismes

Hvorfor ikke sammenligne?

This article gives a critical overview over risks inherent in comparison, –risks of inequality between the two compared phenomena, the risk of using a normative standard, derived from one work or context for the evaluation of another work or another context, the risk of reducing the uniqueness of a work to generic or topical dimensions etc. However, the article moves on to make a strong argument for the necessity of comparison. It suggests the development of a more dynamic, dialectic and relational form of comparison. The article argues that any comparison is full of contradictory movements and therefore argues that a modern comparative method should focus on incommensurable juxtapositions, on contrapuntal opposition and reciprocity.This article gives a critical overview over risks inherent in comparison, –risks of inequality between the two compared phenomena, the risk of using a normative standard, derived from one work or context for the evaluation of another work or another context, the risk of reducing the uniqueness of a work to generic or topical dimensions etc. However, the article moves on to make a strong argument for the necessity of comparison. It suggests the development of a more dynamic, dialectic and relational form of comparison. The article argues that any comparison is full of contradictory movements and therefore argues that a modern comparative method should focus on incommensurable juxtapositions, on contrapuntal opposition and reciprocity

Prophetic Reading: Sisterhood and Psychoanalysis in H.D.’s HERmione

This article offers a comparative reading of H.D.’s 1927 kunstlerroman à clef, HERmione, and Freud’s Dora alongside an intertextual close reading of its dense web of literary allusions in order to argue that it offers a sustained critique of Freudian psychoanalysis and an alternative origin story for the condition of hysteria. Drawing on the notion of prophecy as it is thematised in the novel, the article demonstrates H.D.’s prefiguring of Juliet Mitchell’s recent reconfiguration of hysteria as a response to, replacement by, or failure of identification with a sibling

Burnt and Blossoming: Material Mysticism in Trilogy and Four Quartets

This paper brings two WWII poems into dialogue: H.D.'s Trilogy and Eliot's Four Quartets. Both poems express a creative response to the destruction of war. My reading of Trilogy suggests a material mysticism in which vision and renewal are situated within the natural world, rituals and bodily experience. Bringing this understanding of mysticism to bear on Four Quartets reveals tension between transcendence and materiality. For Eliot, redemption comes through time and location, while for H.D., redemption lies within material particularity. Four Quartets oscillates between an apophatic discourse that seeks to transcend desire and history and an emphasis on material particularities

Filipina American women's breast cancer knowledge, attitudes, and screening behaviors

BACKGROUND: Filipino Americans are the fastest growing Asian minority group in the United States. There is limited knowledge about their breast cancer knowledge, screening practices and attitudes. METHODS: As part of the evaluation of the Asian Grocery Store-Based Cancer Education Program, 248 Filipino American women completed baseline and follow-up surveys, while an additional 58 took part in focus groups. RESULTS: Compliance with annual clinical breast exam guidelines among women 40 to 49 years old was 43%, and annual mammography use among women 50 and over was 56%. The Asian Grocery Store-Based Cancer Education Program and complementary focus group study identified multiple barriers that hindered women from attending education programs, with time as the most frequently reported barrier. CONCLUSION: The Asian Grocery Store-Based Cancer Education Program was reported to be a culturally acceptable and effective way of disseminating breast cancer information and one that addressed the women's most frequently reported barrier, lack of time