Effect of space environment on circadian rhythms of plants, for the purpose of defining and verifying an experiment suitable for use in a biosatellite final report, sep. 1, 1964 - feb. 28, 1965

Space environment effect on circadian rhythms of plants for use in biosatellit

Effect of Space Environment on Circadian Rhythms of Plants, for the Purpose of Defining and Verifying an Experiment Suitable for Use in a Biosatellite Semiannual Report, Sep. 1, 1963 - Mar. 1, 1964

Space environmental effects on circadian rhythms of plants - plant data for use in biosatellite

AN E-V ANALYSIS OF PRICING ALTERNATIVES FOR LONG-TERM MARKETING CONTRACTS

Demand and Price Analysis, Marketing,

Estimating solar radiation for plant simulation models

Five algorithms producing daily solar radiation surrogates using daily temperatures and rainfall were evaluated using measured solar radiation data for seven U.S. locations. The algorithms were compared both in terms of accuracy of daily solar radiation estimates and terms of response when used in a plant growth simulation model (CERES-wheat). Requirements for accuracy of solar radiation for plant growth simulation models are discussed. One algorithm is recommended as being best suited for use in these models when neither measured nor satellite estimated solar radiation values are available

Loschmidt echoes in two-body random matrix ensembles

Fidelity decay is studied for quantum many-body systems with a dominant independent particle Hamiltonian resulting e.g. from a mean field theory with a weak two-body interaction. The diagonal terms of the interaction are included in the unperturbed Hamiltonian, while the off-diagonal terms constitute the perturbation that distorts the echo. We give the linear response solution for this problem in a random matrix framework. While the ensemble average shows no surprising behavior, we find that the typical ensemble member as represented by the median displays a very slow fidelity decay known as ``freeze''. Numerical calculations confirm this result and show, that the ground state even on average displays the freeze. This may contribute to explanation of the ``unreasonable'' success of mean field theories.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures (6 eps files), RevTex; v2: slight modifications following referees' suggestion

On the dominance of J(P)=0(+) ground states in even-even nuclei from random two-body interactions

Recent calculations using random two-body interactions showed a preponderance of J(P)=0(+) ground states, despite the fact that there is no strong pairing character in the force. We carry out an analysis of a system of identical particles occupying orbits with j=1/2, 3/2 and 5/2 and discuss some general features of the spectra derived from random two-body interactions. We show that for random two-body interactions that are not time-reversal invariant the dominance of 0(+) states in this case is more pronounced, indicating that time-reversal invariance cannot be the origin of the 0(+) dominance.Comment: 8 pages, 3 tables and 3 figures. Phys. Rev. C, in pres

What You Do in High School Matters: The Effects of High School GPA on Educational Attainment and Labor Market Earnings in Adulthood

Using abstracted grades and other data from Add Health, we investigate the effects of cumulative high school GPA on educational attainment and labor market earnings among a sample of young adults (ages 24-34). We estimate several models with an extensive list of control variables and high school fixed effects. Results consistently show that high school GPA is a positive and statistically significant predictor of educational attainment and earnings in adulthood. Moreover, the effects are large and economically important for each gender. Interesting and somewhat unexpected findings emerge for race. Various sensitivity tests support the stability of the core findings.High school grades; Educational attainment; Earnings; Panel data

Sex Differences in the Anxiety Effects of Cannabinoids

Aim: Anxiety disorders are twice as common among women, and those with anxiety disorders are 2-3 times more likely to have a substance abuse disorder than the general populace. However, little data exists on the sexually dimorphic effects of cannabinoids. In male humans and rodents, low acute doses of cannabinoids are anxiolytic while high and/or chronic doses are anxiogenic. In the dose response curve (DRC), we examined whether the biphasic effects of cannabinoids observed in males are also present in females. In the CB1R antagonism study, CP55,940-induced CB1R activation was antagonized via the CB1R-selective antagonist rimonabant to test the hypothesis that sexually dimorphic CB1R activation underlies sex differences observed in response to CP55,940 administration. Methods: Male and female adult Wistar rats received 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.075 or 0.125 mg/kg i.p. of the THC agonist CP55,940 in the DRC. Thirty minutes later, rodents were tested for 10 minutes in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and their behavior analyzed with Med Associates tracking software. Western blot analysis assessed changes to p-DARPP-32 (Thr34), p-ERK, p-CREB and cFOS following sacrifice. In the CB1R antagonism study, rodents received 3.0 mg/kg of the CB1R antagonist rimonabant, followed thirty minutes later by 0.075 mg/kg i.p. CP55,940 and methods were thereafter as described for the DRC. Results: In the DRC, we found main effects of dose and sex on percent open arm time and percent open arm entries. Male manifested a bi-phasic, dose-dependent response as expected, while females had a dose-dependent anxiogenic reaction to CP55,940. Sex and dose effects were observed in multiple brain areas and proteins. The CB1R antagonism study demonstrated a potentiating effect of pretreatment with the CB1R antagonist rimonabant on anxiety, but a restorative effect on locomotion. Dose and sex effects were observed for changes in protein expression in multiple brain regions. Conclusion: Sex differences were observed in the effect of CP55,940 on anxiogenic and anxiolytic responses, and in the effects of rimonabant. Although males showed biphasic dose dependent responses, females showed only an anxiogenic response to CP55,940. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms responsible for these differences