Exercícios domiciliares para alívio da dor em pacientes com osteoartrite de joelho : revisão sistemática

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, 2020.A presente revisão tem como objetivo avaliar quais exercícios a nível domiciliar são eficazes para melhora da dor em pacientes com osteoartrite em joelho. Metodologia: As seguintes bases de dados bibliográficos eletrônicas (PEDro, PUBMED, EMBASE) foram sistematicamente pesquisadas no período de Agosto à Outubro de 2020. Ensaios clínicos randomizados compararam intervenção de exercício terapêutico com grupo controle ou outra intervenção ativa sem exercício. A triagem dos artigos foi baseada na leitura dos títulos, seguido da análise dos resumos e em seguida dos textos completos. Resultados: No total, 9 estudos atenderam os critérios de inclusão e a qualidade metodológica foi avaliada segundo a Escala PEDro. Cinco artigos analisaram o alívio da dor como desfecho primário e em quatro demonstraram melhora estatisticamente significativa. Entre os estudos que não analisaram o alívio da dor como desfecho primário, em dois foram observadas diferenças significativas para alívio da dor e um não apresentou diferença significativa em relação ao outro grupo. Conclusão: Protocolo de exercícios em solo mais abrangentes de membros inferiores, envolvendo o fortalecimento muscular para joelho e quadril apresentaram benefícios em relação a redução dos sintomas nessa população, incluindo redução da dor e aumento da função física.This review aims to assess which exercises at home are effective for improving pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methodology: The following electronic bibliographic databases (PEDro, PUBMED, EMBASE) were systematically searched from August to October 2020. Randomized clinical trials compared therapeutic exercise intervention with control group or other active intervention without exercise. The screening of articles was based on reading the titles, followed by the analysis of abstracts and then the full texts. Results: In total, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria and the methodological quality was assessed according to the PEDro Scale. Five articles analyzed pain relief as the primary outcome and in four demonstrated a statistically significant improvement. Among the studies that did not analyze pain relief as a primary outcome, in two significant differences were observed for pain relief and one did not show any significant difference in relation to the other group. Conclusion: More comprehensive floor exercise protocol for lower limbs, involving muscle strengthening for the knee and hip showed benefits in terms of reducing symptoms in this population, including reducing pain and increasing physical function

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Performance of an enzymatic packed bed reactor running on babassu oil to yield fatty ethyl esters (FAEE) in a solvent-free system

The transesterification reaction of babassu oil with ethanol mediated by Burkholderia cepacia lipase immobilized on SiO2-PVA composite was assessed in a packed bed reactor running in the continuous mode. Experiments were performed in a solvent-free system at 50 °C. The performance of the reactor (14 mm ×210 mm) was evaluated using babassu oil and ethanol at two molar ratios of 1:7 and 1:12, respectively, and operational limits in terms of substrate flow rate were determined. The system’s performance was quantified for different flow rates corresponding to space times between 7 and 13 h. Under each condition, the impact of the space time on the ethyl esters formation, the transesterification yield and productivity were determined. The oil to ethanol molar ratio was found as a critical parameter in the conversion of babassu oil into the correspondent ethyl esters. The highest transesterification yield of 96.0 ± 0.9% and productivity of 41.1 ± 1.6 mgester gcatalyst-1h-1 were achieved at the oil to ethanol molar ratio of 1:12 and for space times equal or higher than 11 h. Moreover, the immobilized lipase was found stable with respect to its catalytic characteristics, exhibiting a half-life of 32 d

Use of Phototherapy and Er-YAG Laser in the Management of Mandible Osteoradionecrosis: A Case Report: Use of phototherapy in osteoradionecrosis

Introduction: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a secondary complication from radiotherapy, which is difficult to manage and significantly reduces the life quality of the affected patients.Case Report: A 59-year-old female patient, diagnosed with infiltration by squamous cell carcinoma in the left cervical region, underwent adjuvant cervical-facial radiotherapy with a total dose of 66.6 Gy of radiation. Eight years after the diagnosis, the patient underwent multiple extractions and, subsequently, the installation of osseointegrated implants, evolving to extensive intraoral bone exposure associated with oral cutaneous fistula. The patient was initially exposed to photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), with a low-power laser at wavelengths of 660 nm and 808 nm, and thereafter to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). After an improvement in the clinical condition and resolution of the oral cutaneous fistula, a surgical procedure with the Er: YAG laser was performed to remove the remaining necrotic bone. Once the ORN condition was completely treated, the patient’s oral rehabilitation was implemented by the installation of an upper mucous-supported total prosthesis and a lower implant-supported prosthesis.Conclusion: The patient is in a clinical follow-up and has no signs of bone necrosis recurrence, suggesting that low and high-power laser treatment can be an effective therapeutic alternative to resolve this conditio

Methodologies for research

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Valores de referência da pressão inspiratória nasal em indivíduos saudáveis no Brasil: estudo multicêntrico Reference values for sniff nasal inspiratory pressure in healthy subjects in Brazil: a multicenter study

OBJETIVO: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram determinar equações de referência para pressão inspiratória nasal (PIN) e propor equações de referência para a população brasileira. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 243 indivíduos saudáveis (111 homens e 132 mulheres), entre 20 e 80 anos, com CVF > 80% e razão VEF1/CVF > 85% do predito. Todos os indivíduos realizaram testes de força muscular respiratória para a determinação de PIN, PImáx e PEmáx. RESULTADOS: Os valores da PIN foram maiores no sexo masculino que no feminino (p < 0,05), e a PIN apresentou correlação negativa com a idade para homens (r = -0,29; p < 0,001) e mulheres (r = -0,33; p < 0,0001). A análise de regressão linear múltipla também revelou que a idade permaneceu exercendo influência na predição da PIN em homens (R² = 0,09) e mulheres (R² = 0,10). Os valores preditos da PIN encontrados foram superiores àqueles obtidos em outras populações. CONCLUSÕES: Nesse contexto, sugerem-se equações preditivas para PIN em indivíduos brasileiros saudáveis na faixa etária entre 20 e 80 anos, com o intuito de minimizar discrepâncias diagnósticas ao comparar indivíduos.<br>OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to determine reference values for sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) and to propose reference equations for the population of Brazil. METHODS: We evaluated 243 healthy individuals (111 males and 132 females), between 20 and 80 years of age, with an FVC and FEV1/FVC ratio > 80% and > 85% of the predicted value, respectively. All of the subjects underwent respiratory muscle strength tests to determine MIP, MEP, and SNIP. RESULTS: We found that SNIP values were higher in males than in females (p < 0.05) and that SNIP correlated negatively with age, for males (r = -0.29; p < 0.001) and for females (r = -0.33; p < 0.0001). Linear regression also revealed that age influenced the predicted SNIP, for males (R² = 0.09) and females (R² = 0.10). We obtained predicted SNIP values that were higher than those obtained for other populations. CONCLUSIONS: We have devised predictive equations for SNIP to be used in adults (20-80 years of age) in Brazil. These equations could help minimize diagnostic discrepancies among individuals