494 research outputs found
IVIg treatment increases thrombin activation of platelets and thrombin generation in paediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia
Clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters of haemostasis were investigated in 23 children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) before and after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment. ITP patients with platelet counts of less than 20âĂâ10 /L and mild bleeding symptoms, graded by a standardized bleeding score (BS), were compared with healthy children with normal platelet counts and children with chemotherapy-related thrombocytopenia. Markers of platelet activation and platelet apoptosis in the absence and presence of platelet activators were analysed by flow cytometry; thrombin generation in plasma was determined. ITP patients at diagnosis presented with increased proportions of platelets expressing CD62P and CD63 and activated caspases, and with decreased thrombin generation. Thrombin-induced activation of platelets was reduced in ITP compared with controls, while increased proportions of platelets with activated caspases were observed. Children with a higher BS had lower proportions of CD62P-expressing platelets compared with those with a lower BS. IVIg treatment increased the number of reticulated platelets, the platelet count to more than 20âĂâ10 /L and improved bleeding in all patients. Decreased thrombin-induced platelet activation, as well as thrombin generation, were ameliorated. Our results indicate that IVIg treatment helps to counteract diminished platelet function and coagulation in children with newly diagnosed ITP
Right and Left Ventricular Strain Patterns After the Atrial Switch Operation for D-Transposition of the Great ArteriesâA Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking Study
Introduction: Adult survivors of the atrial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries present with a systemic morphologic right ventricle and a subpulmonary morphologic left ventricle. This physiology can be considered a model for the effects of long-term right ventricular pressure overload and of decreased left ventricular afterload. We aimed to determine the impact of these chronically altered loading conditions on myocardial deformation of the ventricles.Materials and methods: Two-dimensional steady state free precession cine images of 29 patients after atrial repair (age 29 ± 7 years) and 19 controls (24 ± 10 years; n.s.) were post-processed with feature tracking software (TomTec 2D CPA). Volumes, ejection fractions, global and free wall longitudinal and circumferential strains of both ventricles were compared between both groups.Results: Systemic right ventricular global longitudinal strain was decreased in patients compared to controls (â12.9 ± 3.3% vs. â18.9 ± 4.6%, p < 0.001), while right ventricular circumferential strain was unchanged (â15.8 ± 3.4% vs. â15.1 ± 5%; n.s.). Left ventricular longitudinal strain was similar in both groups (â17 ± 5.6% vs. â17.5 ± 4.6%; n.s.), but global left ventricular circumferential strain was lower in patients (â20.7 ± 4.1% vs. â27.3 ± 4.5%, p < 0.001). The systemic right ventricle, compared to the systemic left ventricle, showed decreased global longitudinal (p < 0.001) and circumferential strain (p < 0.001). The subpulmonary left ventricle, compared to the subpulmonary right ventricle, demonstrated similar longitudinal (p = 0.223) but higher circumferential strain (p < 0.001).Conclusions: In patients after atrial switch repair for transposition of the great arteries, the systemic right ventricle shows poor longitudinal strain, but maintains normal right ventricular circumferential strain. The left ventricle shows higher circumferential strain than the right ventricle, in both systemic and subpulmonary positions
Satellite cells fail to contribute to muscle repair but are functional in Pompe disease (glycogenosis type II)
Satellite cells fail to contribute to muscle repair but are functional in Pompe disease (glycogenosis type II). 6eme congrés international de Myologi
The glycosaminoglycan-binding domain of PRELP acts as a cell typeâspecific NF-ÎșB inhibitor that impairs osteoclastogenesis
The PRELP heparin sulfateâbinding protein translocates to the nucleus, where it impairs NF-ÎșB transcriptional activity, which in turn regulates bone homeostasis
GADD45ÎČ loss ablates innate immunosuppression in cancer
T cell exclusion from the tumour microenvironment (TME) is a major barrier to overcoming immune escape. Here we identify a myeloid-intrinsic mechanism governed by the NF-ÎșB effector molecule GADD45ÎČ that restricts tumour-associated inflammation and T cell trafficking into tumours. In various models of solid cancers refractory to immunotherapies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and ovarian adenocarcinoma, Gadd45b inhibition in myeloid cells restored activation of pro-inflammatory tumour-associated macrophages (TAM) and intratumoural immune infiltration, thereby diminishing oncogenesis. Our results provide a basis to interpret clinical evidence that elevated expression of GADD45B confers poor clinical outcomes in most human cancers. Further, they suggest a therapeutic target in GADD45ÎČ for re-programming TAM to overcome immunosuppression and T cell exclusion from the TME
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in -tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton
collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against
a boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and
transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range . The
data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy
of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb. Triple
differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum
fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also
measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent
fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the
measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into
the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb
public pages
Study of the decay
The decay is studied
in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of TeV
using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5
collected by the LHCb experiment. In the system, the
state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is
resolved into two narrower states, and ,
whose masses and widths are measured to be where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second
systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a
prompt sample. Evidence of a new
state is found with a local significance of , whose mass and width
are measured to be and , respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode
is found with a significance of
. The relative branching fraction of with respect to the
decay is measured to be , where the first
uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from
the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb
public pages
Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions and
The ratios of branching fractions
and are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a
sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb of
integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The
tau lepton is identified in the decay mode
. The measured values are
and
, where the first uncertainty is
statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these
measurements is . Results are consistent with the current average
of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the
predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb
public pages
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