Using the transparency of supply chain powered by blockchain to improve sustainability relationships with stakeholders in the food sector: The case study of Lavazza

Food product safety and quality are considered to be of the utmost significance on a global scale. Highly publicized food safety incidents have significantly increased public interest in food traceability, defined as “the ability to track any food, feed, food-producing animal or substance that will be used for consumption, through all stages of production, processing, and distribution” (European Union). The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that governments, producers, and consumers work together to ensure food safety, which calls for the dissemination of pertinent information throughout complex food value networks. Therefore, it is in the best interest of profitdriven businesses to implement information systems for tracking food goods, a significant byproduct of which is the likelihood of increased profitability. This paper aims to explore the ample possibilities for such implementations that are now available thanks to blockchain technology. In particular, the goal is to explore the dynamics of this technology and identify how it helps to create good customer relationships. For this purpose, the case of Lavazza, an important Italian roasted coffee company that has recently introduced a blockchain-tracked product to the market, is analyzed in detail, including all the steps that made the application of the technology possible and how it was finally communicated to the consumer. The case study offers a concrete example that resulted from both stakeholders’ internal need for greater traceability and consumers’ external need for greater transparency regarding the company’s sourcing processes. In this pilot project, collaboration among all the entities that are part of the chain was essential to delivering a formative, customized, and ultimately, easy-to-understand experience to the end consumer. Finally, Lavazza is an example of a company that decided to challenge itself by following a trend that will be increasingly present in future socioeconomic scenarios

Turin Food Atlas: Sharing knowledge towards urban food policies to develop circular cities

Introduction Urban policies and urban planning progressively acknowledged food as a fundamental issue of the urban system and as a tool for design synergies. Among other cities, Turin is moving toward an urban food strategy, gathering in an integrated perspective many practices and policies from local authorities, market actors and food movements. Universities (University of Turin, Politecnico of Turin, University of Gastronomic Science) play various role in this perspective, both in promoting and supporting policies and practices, both producing, collecting (among the different food actors at the local level) and sharing knowledge about how the actual urban food system that nourish Turin works. That is necessary background to go further in defining goals and targets for a food policy at the local- metropolitan level. The Atlas of Food of Metropolitan Turin (Atlante del Cibo di Torino Metropolitana) is a project developed by three universities: University of Turin, University of Gastronomic Science, and Polytechnic of Turin. It is an original, trans-disciplinary, ambitious research project, collecting and producing different kinds of materials (texts, visuals, maps), from various sources (academic research, mass media, etc.). All the knowledge produced and collected by the Atlas of Food is used to analyse and represent the Metropolitan Turin food system, in order to support public policies and private initiatives. Description The core of the project is the development of a methodology of analysis of urban food systems based on the realization of a multimedia, interactive, participated Atlas of Food, centred on the metropolitan city of Turin. The Atlas of food collects and organizes information and data about the food system at the metropolitan scale (the former province of Turin). The online web platform of the Atlas (www.atlantedelcibo.it) presents the collected and newly produced, in the form of maps, and visual and textual materials, searchable and partially editable by the web community and by the actors of the food system. Data are participatory regularly updated, basing the methodologies of civic participatory mapping of First Life, the civic map-based social network used for the participatory mapping activities of the Atlas of Food. Scales of the analysis and of the representation of the food system vary according to the treated issues, coherently with the transcalarity of food flows and networks. This flexible spatial approach helps in the understanding the complexity of the food system and the connections between its multiple parts in and around the urban milieu (according to the systemic approach). General goal and specific objectives The general goal of the project is to develop and implement an interdisciplinary methodology of food system analysis and assessment, at the metropolitan scale, through traditional charts and maps, participatory mapping and a strict relationship with social networks, for field action. The Atlas of Food of Turin, has the following specific aims: to provide an open access tool, collecting and representing data, information and ideas about the food system at the city-region scale; to support the public-private network which is working at the establishment of a food commission, through analysis of the food system, development of scenarios and suggestions for the food strategies, design solutions aiming at the enhancement of sustainability, equity, participation and resilience of the food system; to increase the awareness of the actors of the food web about food, fostering the visibility and sharing of the issues linked to the different phases of the food chain; to provide a platform where the stronger and weaker actors of the food chain can virtually meet, reciprocally know, share ideas, creating an opinion making critical mass able to address food policies; to monitor the food system regularly with a participatory approach, reporting changes, trends, opportunities and threats. Expected results and spill-overs on the metropolitan food system The Atlas of Food can support the development of a resilient urban (food) system, because it stimulates the creation of a consistent database and repository of information about it. The research group carries out this work in strict collaboration with public authorities and agencies, other research bodies, private businesses, NGOs and other community groups. This variety of public and private actors helps to guarantee the reliability, the transparency and the regular update of the information presented by the website. The participatory approach concerns not only the data collection, but also the elaboration of development and policy scenarios, towards the planning of an efficient, resilient, fair and sustainable metropolitan food system, where food and its connections a role of social, economic and cultural capital. Progress of the research The first Report on the state of the Metropolitan Turin Food System, produced within the framework of the Atlas of Food, was presented in May 2017. It is divided into three main sections: a) a review of already existing maps and representations about the food system (a map of maps), which are critically reviewed and organized, in order to produce a catalogue of the different existing representations; b) a collection of static maps, specifically produced for the atlas, representing data about the food system coming both from official archives (e.g. census) and from users and actors of the food system. The static maps will be open to updates and corrections, following the suggestions of users; c) a platform for users-generated, dynamic, interactive maps, based on crowd mapping and the integration with social networks. It provides a first cross-cutting and integrated reading of the main features of the metropolitan food system. For the RSD7 conference, the goal of the research is to represent the evolution of the food system in Turin at the metropolitan scale, especially in the perspective in which the systemic approach could help to design a new economic model: a Circular Economy perspective that has the aim to define better the role of the food for the Circular Cities. Planning activity from the Atlas of Food data collection: RePopp By overlapping the analysis of the recovery system and redistribution of food surpluses for social purposes with the production of food waste from different forms of distribution (Large Organised Distribution, neighbourhood stores, markets, farmers’ market and GAS), the Atlas of Food pointed out a potential leeway of intervention for new ways of value creation and optimisation. Once identified the critical hotspot and source of leakages in city district markets, the attention has been focused on the market of Porta Palazzo, the largest outdoor European market. Here the City of Turin, two companies Novamont and Amiat/Iren Group, Association Eco delle Città, with the scientific coordination of the University of Gastronomic Sciences has developed the project RePopp – Porta Palazzo Organic Project. By applying the Circular Economy principles to the fruit and vegetable market and with the involvement of the “Sentinelle dei rifiuti” (Waste’s sentries) and the “Ecomori” (asylum seekers volunteers), food surpluses are every day (from Monday to Saturday) recovered from the market stalls, stocked in a stall granted free of charge by the municipality and redistributed by filling and redistributing fruit and vegetables crates, in order to satisfy the demand of a family of 3 persons for two days, considering the quantitative and the nutritional needs. Along with the recovery and redistribution of food surpluses, RePopp works to increase awareness and education to differentiate properly the organic waste with a widespread campaign of communication, to provide civic and environmental information for asylum seekers, to create activity of entertainment about food waste and integration. The project also aimed at encouraging a good integration of asylum seekers thanks to the daily and direct relationship with market operators and the creation of a network in solidarity with the beneficiaries of food surpluses. Since the beginning of 2018, 50,170 kg of food have been collected. In 2018, the project obtained a special mention from the international prize Milan Pact Awards, created to supports new urban food systems and stimulate the exchange of practices and learning between signatory cities within the frame of the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact (MUFPP); RePopp won the “food waste” section as example of “Circular Markets, an efficient waste collection system for the largest and most culturally diverse food market in the city and the largest open air market in Europe. The project highlights the relevance of data collection from different sources and food areas to design new solutions and alternatives

Vitamin D and Osteogenesis Imperfecta in Pediatrics

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous group of inherited skeletal dysplasias characterized by bone fragility. The study of bone metabolism, in these disease, is problematic in terms of clinical and genetic variability. The aims of our study were to evaluate the importance of Vitamin D levels in OI bone metabolism, reviewing studies performed on this topic and providing advice reflecting our experience using vitamin D supplementation. A comprehensive review on all English-language articles was conducted in order to analyze the influence of vitamin D in OI bone metabolism in pediatric patients. Reviewing the studies, contradictory data were found on the relationship between 25OH vitamin D levels and bone parameters in OI, and in several studies the baseline levels of 25OH D were below the threshold value of 75 nmol/L. In conclusion, according to the literature and to our experience, we highlight the importance of adequate vitamin D supplementation in children with OI

Territorial Poltentialities

Design è un sostantivo inglese che significa “progetto”, deriva dal latino pro-iacere (gettare in avanti) a indicare un’attività che contiene in sè l’idea di proiezione in avanti, di futuro. La parola design ha acquisito nel tempo molteplici significati: oggi non riguarda solo più il prodotto e la comunicazione ma anche i servizi, le strategie e i sistemi intrecciando in modo sempre più stretto i temi della sostenibilità ambientale. I designers oggi devono occuparsi non soltanto dello sviluppo di un singolo prodotto, ma dell’intero sistema-prodotto collocato in un preciso contesto sociale, politico, economico e culturale. Il designer sistemico, in particolare, progetta relazioni virtuose tra persone e attività produttive generando ricadute positive a scala sociale e ambientale. La mostra “Le Potenzialità del territorio” restituisce le direzioni più innovative della ricerca in design offrendo alcune indicazioni progettuali su come valorizzare un contesto sociale e territoriale caratterizzato da attività industriali e agricole non relazionate tra loro. Si propone un nuovo modello economico-produttivo che renda coese e forti le relazioni tra i diversi soggetti, generando benefici, anche in termini di salute, per l’intera collettività. Il territorio è qui visto come un’opportunità da studiare e valorizzare in tutte le sue componenti sociali, culturali, materiali e climatiche. Oggi il mondo naturale e quello artificiale hanno traiettorie che non si intersecano: è più che mai urgente riavvicinarli ricostruendo la trama dei loro rapporti

Validation of the Italian version of the ANCA-associated vasculitis patient-reported outcome (AAV-PRO) questionnaire

Objectives The primary objective of this study was the translation and validation of the ANCA-associated vasculitis patient-reported outcome (AAV-PRO) questionnaire into Italian, denoted as AAV-PRO_ita. The secondary objective was to evaluate the impact of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) on quality of life (QoL) and work impairment in a large cohort of Italian patients. Methods The study design took a prospective cohort study approach. First, the AAV-PRO was translated into Italian following the step guidelines for translations. The new AAV-PRO_ita questionnaire covered three disease domains: organ-specific and systemic symptoms and signs; physical function; and social and emotional impact. Second, Italian-speaking AAV patients were recruited from 17 Italian centres belonging to the Italian Vasculitis Study Group. Participants completed the AAV-PRO_ita questionnaire at three time points. Participants were also requested to complete the work productivity and activity impairment: general health questionnaire. Results A total of 276 AAV patients (56.5% women) completed the questionnaires. The AAV-PRO_ita questionnaire demonstrated a good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Female AAV patients scored higher (i.e. worse) in all thee domains, especially in the social and emotional impact domain (P < 0.001). Patients on glucocorticoid therapy (n = 199) had higher scores in all domains, especially in the physical function domain (P < 0.001), compared with patients not on glucocorticoid therapy (n = 77). Furthermore, patients who had at least one relapse of disease (n = 114) had higher scores compared with those who had never had one (n = 161) in any domain (P < 0.05). Finally, nearly 30% of the patients reported work impairment. Conclusion The AAV-PRO_ita questionnaire is a new 29-item, disease-specific patient-reported outcome measuring tool that can be used in AAV research in the Italian language. Sex, glucocorticoids and relapsing disease showed the greatest impact on QoL