Determinants of acquisition and clearance of human papillomavirus infection in previously unexposed young women

Background Global variation in human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and persistence may be explained by differences in risk factors, such as sexual activity, oral contraceptive use, and behavioral factors. We evaluated determinants of acquisition and clearance of HPV infection among young women previously unexposed to HPV. Methods Five hundred thirty-four women aged 15 to 25 years who were cytology and HPV DNA negative, and seronegative for anti-HPV-16/18 antibodies, were recruited (July 2000–September 2001) from study centers in Brazil, the United States, and Canada (NCT00689741/NCT00120848). They were followed up for 76 months. Cervical samples were HPV genotyped via polymerase chain reaction. We used multivariable (forward stepwise, P = 0.15) Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), separately according to length of follow-up time. Results On short-term follow-up (0–27 months), 257 (48%; 8535.80 person-months; incidence rate = 30.11; 95% CI, 26.64–34.02) incident HPV infections were detected. Marital status, lifetime number of sex partners, history of any sexually transmitted disease, and occasional use of oral contraceptives were strongly associated with acquisition of any HPV. Having 2 or more lifetime sex partners (RR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.37–3.02) and a history of any sexually transmitted disease (RR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.19–3.29) were the most important determinants of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) incidence. During the entire follow-up (0–76 months), an increased hrHPV clearance was found among women in North America (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.08–1.78) and black women (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.04–2.60). Greater number of lifetime partners was associated with reduced clearance rates for any HPV (RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43–0.98). Conclusions We identified variation in risk of HPV acquisition and clearance among women unexposed to HPV at baseline

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

Determinants of acquisition and clearance of human papillomavirus infection in previously unexposed young women

Background Global variation in human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and persistence may be explained by differences in risk factors, such as sexual activity, oral contraceptive use, and behavioral factors. We evaluated determinants of acquisition and clearance of HPV infection among young women previously unexposed to HPV. Methods Five hundred thirty-four women aged 15 to 25 years who were cytology and HPV DNA negative, and seronegative for anti-HPV-16/18 antibodies, were recruited (July 2000–September 2001) from study centers in Brazil, the United States, and Canada (NCT00689741/NCT00120848). They were followed up for 76 months. Cervical samples were HPV genotyped via polymerase chain reaction. We used multivariable (forward stepwise, P = 0.15) Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), separately according to length of follow-up time. Results On short-term follow-up (0–27 months), 257 (48%; 8535.80 person-months; incidence rate = 30.11; 95% CI, 26.64–34.02) incident HPV infections were detected. Marital status, lifetime number of sex partners, history of any sexually transmitted disease, and occasional use of oral contraceptives were strongly associated with acquisition of any HPV. Having 2 or more lifetime sex partners (RR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.37–3.02) and a history of any sexually transmitted disease (RR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.19–3.29) were the most important determinants of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) incidence. During the entire follow-up (0–76 months), an increased hrHPV clearance was found among women in North America (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.08–1.78) and black women (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.04–2.60). Greater number of lifetime partners was associated with reduced clearance rates for any HPV (RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43–0.98). Conclusions We identified variation in risk of HPV acquisition and clearance among women unexposed to HPV at baseline

Ibero-American Network as a Collaborative Strategy to Provide Tools for the Development of Phytopharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals

The increasing trend for using natural ingredients for nutraceuticals and phytopharmaceuticals development triggers the study of non-traditional sources for phytopharmaceuticals development, such as underexploited plants and agroindustrial wastes. The extraction, characterization and stabilization of bioactive compounds are intricate due to their low concentrations and their complex interactions in the vegetable matrix. New simple, ecological and efficient technologies are being developed to overcome the disadvantages of traditional extraction procedures, and many strategies should be developed to preserve their bioactivity. Oxidative reactions and protein glycation are two of the main deteriorative reactions affecting biological molecules and functionality loss in vitro and in vivo. Thus, efforts have been extended in search of edible plants with antioxidant or antiglycant properties. This chapter is an outcome of the CYTED Iberoamerican network 415RT0495, which task was to promote the valorization of subvaluated sources of bioactive compounds for food and medical uses.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria PergaminoFil: Buera, María del Pilar. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos; ArgentinaFil: Buera, María del Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Abirached, Cecilia. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Química; UruguayFil: Alamilla-Beltrán, Liliana. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; MéxicoFil: Busch, Verónica María. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos; ArgentinaFil: Busch, Verónica María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Santos, Cristina Isabel dos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos; ArgentinaFil: Santos, Cristina Isabel dos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Farroni, Abel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; ArgentinaFil: Favre, Leonardo Cristian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos; ArgentinaFil: Favre, Leonardo Cristian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Fernández-Varela, Aldo. Universidad Popular del César; ColombiaFil: Fernández-Varela, Aldo. Fundación para la Ciencia y la Agroindustria Tropical Tropilogía, Valledupar; ColombiaFil: Freire-Costa, Fabiano. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Faculdade de Farmácia. Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas; BrasilFil: Gabilondo, Julieta. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Galante, Micaela. Universidad Nacional del Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Departamento de Química-Física; ArgentinaFil: Galante, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Hidalgo, María Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Departamento de Química-Física; ArgentinaFil: Hidalgo, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ingrassia, Romina. Universidad Nacional del Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Departamento de Química-Física; ArgentinaFil: Ingrassia, Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ingrassia, Romina. Universidad Nacional del Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: López Hiriart, Milagros. Universidad Nacional del Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Departamento de Química-Física; ArgentinaFil: López Hiriart, Milagros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: López Hiriart, Milagros. Universidad Nacional del Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Medrano, Alejandra. Universidad de la República (Udelar). Facultad de Química; UruguayFil: Micheloni, Oscar B. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas. Escuela de Ciencias Agrarias y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Navarro Alarcón, Miguel. Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología; SpainFil: Panizzolo, Luis. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Química; UruguayFil: Pereyra-Castro, Silvia del Carmen. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; MéxicoFil: Pérez-Pérez, Viridiana. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; MéxicoFil: Plazola-Jacinto, Carla Patricia. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; MéxicoFil: Risso, Patricia. Universidad Nacional del Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Departamento de Química-Física; ArgentinaFil: Risso, Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Risso, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Roberet-Canales, Paz. Universidad Nacional de Chile. Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas; ChileFil: Rodríguez, Analía. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Química; UruguayFil: Rodríguez, Silvio David. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Silvio David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rojas-Balcazar, Erick. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Rufián Henares, José Ángel. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas. Escuela de Ciencias Agrarias y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Vasile, Franco Emanuel. Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral; Argentin

Comentarios a una sentencia anunciada : el proceso Lula

El centenar de textos que conforman este libro -escritos por un movimiento de prestigiosos/as juristas y abogados- desgranan el procedimiento al que fue sometido Lula. En la opinión de las y los autores de los artículos las normas no fueron observadas, y su inobservancia llevó a que se dictaminase una decisión injusta. Frases del estilo "Voy a tomar una decisión revolucionaria, dejando de lado la ley, porque por la ley no se puede condenarlo de ninguna manera”, dichas en los juicios por las más altas autoridades judiciales militares y civiles, hoy son conocidas gracias a quienes se abocaron al trabajo de escuchar los audios de aquellas sesiones, nutriendo las reflexiones que argumentan sobre el imperativo de la hora: restablecer el estado de derecho y absolver al presidente Lula Da Silva

Comentários a uma sentença anunciada : o processo Lula

“Comentários a uma sentença: o Caso Lula” é talvez o mais importante documento jurídico publicado no Brasil em décadas. A presente coletânea de artigos nasceu de um movimento espontâneo e bastante significativo de juristas brasileiros e estrangeiros que examinaram cuidadosamente a sentença proferida no âmbito do processo que tramitou na 13ª Vara Federal de Curitiba, no caso que ficou conhecido na mídia como o do “tríplex do Guarujá”. <br>De la presentación de Geraldo Prad

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Measurement of prompt D+D^+ and Ds+D^+_{s} production in pPbp\mathrm{Pb} collisions at sNN=5.02 \sqrt {s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02\,TeV

International audienceThe production of prompt $D^+$ and $D^+_{s}$ mesons is studied in proton-lead collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt {s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02\,$TeV. The data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $(1.58\pm0.02)\mathrm{nb}^{-1}$ is collected by the LHCb experiment at the LHC. The differential production cross-sections are measured using $D^+$ and $D^+_{s}$ candidates with transverse momentum in the range of $0<p_{\mathrm{T}} <14\,\mathrm{GeV}/c$ and rapidities in the ranges of $1.5<y^*<4.0$ and $-5.0<y^*<-2.5$ in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass system. For both particles, the nuclear modification factor and the forward-backward production ratio are determined. These results are compared with theoretical models that include initial-state nuclear effects. In addition, measurements of the cross-section ratios between $D^+$, $D^+_{s}$ and $D^0$ mesons are presented, providing a baseline for studying the charm hadronization in lead-lead collisions at LHC energies