Endosperm sterol phenotype and germination in wheat

Free and conjugated sterols of endosperm, coats, scutellum, coleoptile and roots have been analysed at different germination stages in two wheat cultivars with different endosperm sterol phenotypes. It seems that sterol metabolism of the developing tissues, namely coleoptile and roots, is not affected by the sterol conjugation profile of the endosperm. Enough sterol is present in the mature embryo to supply the germinating axis during the observation period (144 hr at 16°). The data suggest that sterol is transferred from scutellum to coleoptile and roots during germinatio

Metodología para la elaboración de guías de intervención basadas en la evidencia en psicología y salud mental: procedimientos del NICE

El presente material explica el proceso de desarrollo de guías de práctica clínica que utiliza el NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence), una de las instituciones de referencia en la elaboración de guías de intervenciones basadas en la evidencia. La primera parte está dirigida a la descripción de las característica generales de esta institución, que incluye la explicación de su organización y la estructuración en grupos de trabajo con perfiles y funciones bien definidas. Posteriormente se exponen los elementos claves de la metodología que utiliza el NICE para la elaboración de sus recomendaciones. Si bien en principio, estos procedimientos son generales y están fuertemente vinculados a las intervenciones en el ámbito sanitario, en los últimos años se han extendido al ámbito de las intervenciones sociales, educativas y de salud mental. Por lo cual, la metodología que aquí se expone, puede aplicarse para la generación de guías de intervención psicológica o psicoeducativas aplicables en distintos contextos

El trastorno por estrés postraumático en los supervivientes al cáncer: una revisión de los tratamientos psicológicos disponibles

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) appears frequently in cancer survivors, but not all survivors meet the criteria propo­sed by the DSM-V to be diagnosed with PTSD. This situation may lead an underestimation of the problem and furthermore, in this patient group, PTSD is related with different aspects of psychological well-being, such as depres­sion, anxiety or quality of life, However, the­re are only a few psychological interventions designed to reduce these symptoms in cancer survivors. Method: A review of the psychological treatments available for PTSD in cancer sur­vivors in the last 10 years was performed. The data bases used were PubMed, Web of Science (WOS) and PsycInfo with the following des­criptors: PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) treatment cancer survivors y PTSS (posttrau­matic stress symptoms) treatment cancer sur­vivors. Results: The psychological interventions with more evidence are: cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness, ahead other strate­gies such as stress management training, neu­ro-emotional therapy, coping skills training and counseling. Conclusions: Despite the relevance of PTSD in this patients group, psychological interventions needs more evidence to establish their efficacy to reduce these symptoms in survivors.Objetivo: El trastorno por estrés postrau­mático (TEP) aparece con frecuencia en los su­pervivientes al cáncer, pero no todos los super­vivientes cumplen con los criterios propuestos por el DSM-V para ser diagnosticados. Esta situación puede provocar la subestimación del problema y además, en este grupo de pacien­tes el TEP se relaciona con diferentes aspectos del bienestar psicológico, como la depresión, la ansiedad o la calidad de vida. Sin embargo, solo hay unas pocas intervenciones psicológi­cas diseñadas para reducir estos síntomas en los supervivientes al cáncer. Método: Se realizó una revisión de los tra­tamientos psicológicos disponibles para el TEP en los supervivientes al cáncer en los últimos 10 años. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron PubMed, Web of Science (WOS) y PsycInfo con los siguientes descriptores: PTSD (post­traumatic stress disorder), treatment cancer survivors y PTSS (posttraumatic stress symp­toms) treatment cancer survivors. Resultados: Las intervenciones psicológi­cas con una mayor evidencia son: la terapia de tipo cognitivo-conductual y el mindfulness, por delante del entrenamiento en el manejo del estrés, la terapia neuro-emocional, el en­trenamiento en habilidades de afrontamiento y el counseling. Conclusiones: A pesar de la relevancia del TEP en este grupo de pacientes, las interven­ciones psicológicas necesitan de una mayor evidencia para establecer su eficacia para re­ducir estos síntomas en los supervivientes

Esterification of Free Fatty Acids with Glycerol within the Biodiesel Production Framework

Companies in the field of the collection and treatment of waste cooking oils (WCO) for subsequent biodiesel production usually have to cope with high acidity oils, which cannot be directly transformed into fatty acid methyl esters due to soap production. Since glycerine is the main byproduct of biodiesel production, these high acidity oils could be esterified with the glycerine surplus to transform the free fatty acids (FFA) into triglycerides before performing the transesterification. In this work, commercial glycerol was esterified with commercial fatty acids and commercial fatty acid/lampante olive oil mixtures over tin (II) chloride. In the first set of experiments, the esterification of linoleic acid with glycerol excess from 20 to 80% molar over the stoichiometric was performed. From 20% glycerol excess, there was no improvement in FFA reduction. Using 20% glycerol excess, the performance of a biochar obtained from heavy metal-contaminated plant roots was compared to that of SnCl2. Then, the effect of the initial FFA content was assessed using different oleic acid/lampante olive oil mixtures. The results illustrated that glycerolysis was impeded at initial FFA contents lower than 10%. Finally, the glycerolysis of a WCO with 9.94% FFA was assayed, without success

Mechanical analysis of Genoa 03 stirling engine

Due to the new technologies development based on renewable sources of energy, in recent years Stirling engines have become very important in the energetic sector. Many of them do not allow the use of fluid lubricants and, thus, the effect of friction losses is important. For this purpose, a mathematical model has been developed based on the force balance in the crankshaft using the pressure distribution in the cylinders. The aim of this work is to characterize the mechanical losses in a Genoa 03 Stirling engine using a numerical model and experimentally via the drag method. The results of this model have been compared with those obtained experimentally on Genoa 03 Stirling engine. In the experimental results, a proportional increase in friction torque due to the average pressure and the speed of the crankshaft is observed. The first of these is caused by an increase of dry friction forces and the second, by the viscous friction between the working fluid and the inner walls of the engine. Also in this paper, irreversible processes in a beta type Stirling engine have been investigated in order to highlight the impact of losses on mechanical power and its performance. This article develops the first study of the mechanical losses of Genoa 03 experimental Stirling engine, which has an output power of 3 kW. Although the model response follows the same trends as the experiments, those simplifications provide errors which become more significant as the engine speed increases.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad ENE2013-43465-

Expression of homoeologous molecular systems in wheat alloploids

Allopolyploidy is widespread in the plant kingdom, where it has been of considerable evolutionary significance. Although the existence of heterotic interactions between the genomes that make up an alloploid have been generally assumed, the precise nature of these interactions has not been extensively investigated. Presently available evidence about metabolic integration of the wheat genomes is examined in search of new insights about the different modes of genome interaction. Although additive expression seems to be the case for many homoeologous systems, more complex patterns of integration have become evident. Examples of enzyme subunit complementation, gene compensation and other dosage effects, holoprotein completion, and complementation of metabolic pathways are discussed

BYOD: una navaja suiza para el diseño

Traer su propio dispositivo (Bring your own device o byod) es la tendencia de los individuos a integrar a su actividad laboral recursos digitales móviles propios, sean computadoras portátiles, tabletas o teléfonos celulares inteligentes, aunque existen variantes, con sendos requisitos, costos, políticas y riesgos. Tal adopción se ha globalizado, pues el descenso en precios y el aumento de características favorece que muchas personas posean una terminal móvil conectada a Internet, como la proverbial navaja suiza, herramienta multiusos que trasciende la telefonía y mensajería: grabadora y reproductora de imágenes, con audio, video, calendario y ordenador. Esto resulta en incrementos de productividad e independencia, satisfacción del usuario y otras ventajas, siendo viable aprovechar dichas tecnologías en las prácticas educativas para detonar novedosos procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en cualquier momento y lugar. Este texto busca describir sucintamente esta innovación y ejemplificar posibles ventajas y métodos de aplicación que ofrece a estudiantes del diseño

Los síntomas somáticos-motivacionales de la depresión, el psicotismo y la ansiedad en situaciones cotidianas: nuevas vías para entender problemas clásicos en las supervivientes al cáncer de mama

Objective To determine if the prevalence of depressive symptoms, higher levels of psychoticism and specific situational traits is higher in breast cancer survivors groups than control groups. Method Twenty-two mastectomised women and twenty-five breast cancer survivors who had finished treatment were compared with two control groups. Two categories of depressive symptoms (cognitive-affective and motivational-somatic) were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II); psychoticism was assessed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R). Three anxiety systems (cognitive, physiological and motor) and four situational anxiety traits (anxiety about the evaluation, interpersonal anxiety, phobic anxiety and anxiety in situations common in everyday life) were also assessed. Data on age, marital status, education and employment status were collected. Results The mean age of the groups were as follows, mastectomised women: 59.13 years (SD = 7.83), control group: 55.86 years (SD = 11.56), survivor group 58.64 years (SD = 8.01), second control group 54.40 years (SD = 12.36). There were no differences between mastectomised women and the control group in socio-demographic variables, but most of the survivor group were retired whereas most of the second control group were unemployed. The mastectomised group and the survivor group had significantly higher levels of both categories of depressive symptoms (cognitive-affective and motivational-somatic) than the control groups,levels of motivational-somatic symptoms were higher. Trait anxiety and psychoticism were correlated and also predicted the level of depressive symptoms; higher levels of psychoticism were observed in the survivor group. The survivor group also showed more anxiety in common situations of everyday life than the second control group

Estudio de factibilidad de una fábrica de sillones tipo Puff que se convierten en cama

The present work has the purpose to analyze if it is financially feasible the establishment of the company “Sacks” in the Ecuadorian market; and to elaborate strategies that would generate a sustained growth to the company. Sacks will be a company that will manufacture and sell beanbag chairs that turn into beds and related products whose designs will be focused on bringing comfort to the customers while at the same time having different usabilities.El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar si es factible financieramente el establecimiento de la empresa “Sacks” en el mercado ecuatoriano; y elaborar estrategias que puedan generar un crecimiento sostenido de la empresa. Sacks será una empresa que fabricará y comercializará sillones tipo puff que se convierten en cama y productos afines cuyos diseños están enfocados en brindar comodidad al usuario y al mismo que los usuarios puedan darles a los productos diferentes usabilidades