728 research outputs found
Young people's attitudes to religious diversity : quantitative approaches from social psychology and empirical theology
This essay discusses the design of the quantitative component of the âYoung Peopleâs Attitudes to Religious Diversityâ project, conceived by Professor Robert Jackson within the Warwick Religions and Education Research Unit, and presents some preliminary findings from the data. The quantitative component followed and built on the qualitative component within a mixed method design. The argument is advanced in seven steps: introducing the major sources of theory on which the quantitative approach builds from the psychology of religion and from empirical theology; locating the empirical traditions of research among young people that have shaped the study; clarifying the notions and levels of measurement employed in the study anticipating the potential for various forms of data analysis; discussing some of the established measures incorporated in the survey; defining the ways in which the sample was structured to reflect the four nations of the UK, and London; illustrating the potential within largely descriptive cross-tabulation forms of analysis; and illustrating the potential within more sophisticated multivariate analytic models
Fourier Acceleration of Langevin Molecular Dynamics
Fourier acceleration has been successfully applied to the simulation of
lattice field theories for more than a decade. In this paper, we extend the
method to the dynamics of discrete particles moving in continuum. Although our
method is based on a mapping of the particles' dynamics to a regular grid so
that discrete Fourier transforms may be taken, it should be emphasized that the
introduction of the grid is a purely algorithmic device and that no smoothing,
coarse-graining or mean-field approximations are made. The method thus can be
applied to the equations of motion of molecular dynamics (MD), or its Langevin
or Brownian variants. For example, in Langevin MD simulations our acceleration
technique permits a straightforward spectral decomposition of forces so that
the long-wavelength modes are integrated with a longer time step, thereby
reducing the time required to reach equilibrium or to decorrelate the system in
equilibrium. Speedup factors of up to 30 are observed relative to pure
(unaccelerated) Langevin MD. As with acceleration of critical lattice models,
even further gains relative to the unaccelerated method are expected for larger
systems. Preliminary results for Fourier-accelerated molecular dynamics are
presented in order to illustrate the basic concepts. Possible extensions of the
method and further lines of research are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, two illustrations included using graphic
The construction of masculinities and femininities in the Church of England:the case of the male clergy spouse
The ordination of women to the priesthood in the Church of England in 1994 signified great change. The impact of the new priests was well documented, and their integration became the focus of much research in the following years. One important area of change was the altered dynamics of gender identity. New roles had opened up for women, but new identities had also emerged for men. While women priests were a new historical emergence, so too were clergy husbands. This paper will consider the historical construction of masculinities and femininities within the church and will go on to look at this in the context of clergy spouses, specifically focusing on men occupying this role. Some provisional findings, acting as work in progress, will be considered
Bilingualism alters childrenâs frontal lobe functioning for attentional control
Bilingualism is a typical linguistic experience, yet relatively little is known about its impact on childrenâs cognitive and brain development. Theories of bilingualism suggest that early dualĂą language acquisition can improve childrenâs cognitive abilities, specifically those relying on frontal lobe functioning. While behavioral findings present much conflicting evidence, little is known about its effects on childrenâs frontal lobe development. Using functional nearĂą infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), the findings suggest that SpanishĂą English bilingual children (nĂÂ =ĂÂ 13, ages 7Ăą 13) had greater activation in left prefrontal cortex during a nonĂą verbal attentional control task relative to ageĂą matched English monolinguals. In contrast, monolinguals (nĂÂ =ĂÂ 14) showed greater right prefrontal activation than bilinguals. The present findings suggest that early bilingualism yields significant changes to the functional organization of childrenâs prefrontal cortex for attentional control and carry implications for understanding how early life experiences impact cognition and brain development.This fNIRS study investigated the impact of bilingual exposure on childrenâs brain organization for attentional control (N = 27, ages 7Ăą 13). During a nonĂą verbal attention task, bilinguals showed greater left frontal lobe activation than monolinguals. Monolinguals showed greater right frontal lobe activation than bilinguals. The findings suggest that bilingualism affects the functionality of childrenâs left prefrontal cortex for attentional control.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136694/1/desc12377-sup-0001-FigS1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136694/2/desc12377.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136694/3/desc12377_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136694/4/desc12377-sup-0003-SupInfo.pd
Failing boys and moral panics: perspectives on the underachievement debate
The paper re-examines the underachievement debate from the perspective of the âdiscourse of derisionâ that surrounds much writing in this area. It considers the contradictions and inconsistencies which underpin much of the discourse â from a reinterpretation of examination scores, to the conflation of the concepts of âunderâ and âlowâ achievement and finally to the lack of consensus on a means of defining and measuring the term underachievement. In doing so, this paper suggests a more innovative approach for understanding, re-evaluating and perhaps rejecting the notion of underachievement
Tests of the Equivalence Principle with Neutral Kaons
We test the Principle of Equivalence for particles and antiparticles, using
CPLEAR data on tagged K0 and K0bar decays into pi^+ pi^-. For the first time,
we search for possible annual, monthly and diurnal modulations of the
observables |eta_{+-}| and phi_{+-}, that could be correlated with variations
in astrophysical potentials. Within the accuracy of CPLEAR, the measured values
of |eta_{+-}| and phi_{+-} are found not to be correlated with changes of the
gravitational potential. We analyze data assuming effective scalar, vector and
tensor interactions, and we conclude that the Principle of Equivalence between
particles and antiparticles holds to a level of 6.5, 4.3 and 1.8 x 10^{-9},
respectively, for scalar, vector and tensor potentials originating from the Sun
with a range much greater than the distance Earth-Sun. We also study
energy-dependent effects that might arise from vector or tensor interactions.
Finally, we compile upper limits on the gravitational coupling difference
between K0 and K0bar as a function of the scalar, vector and tensor interaction
range.Comment: 15 pages latex 2e, five figures, one style file (cernart.csl)
incorporate
Extreme Ultra-Violet Spectroscopy of the Lower Solar Atmosphere During Solar Flares
The extreme ultraviolet portion of the solar spectrum contains a wealth of
diagnostic tools for probing the lower solar atmosphere in response to an
injection of energy, particularly during the impulsive phase of solar flares.
These include temperature and density sensitive line ratios, Doppler shifted
emission lines and nonthermal broadening, abundance measurements, differential
emission measure profiles, and continuum temperatures and energetics, among
others. In this paper I shall review some of the advances made in recent years
using these techniques, focusing primarily on studies that have utilized data
from Hinode/EIS and SDO/EVE, while also providing some historical background
and a summary of future spectroscopic instrumentation.Comment: 34 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to Solar Physics as part of the
Topical Issue on Solar and Stellar Flare
Test of CPT Symmetry and Quantum Mechanics with Experimental data from CPLEAR
We use fits to recent published CPLEAR data on neutral kaon decays to
and to constrain the CPT--violation parameters
appearing in a formulation of the neutral kaon system as an open
quantum-mechanical system. The obtained upper limits of the CPT--violation
parameters are approaching the range suggested by certain ideas concerning
quantum gravity.Comment: 9 pages of uuencoded postscript (includes 3 figures
CONSĂRCIO DE SUBSTITUIĂĂO DE CULTURAS: ALTERNATIVA PARA A PEQUENA PROPRIEDADE RURAL
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