Myths and images in global climate governance, conceptualization and the case of brazil (1989 - 2019)

Countries have a self-image of their role in global climate governance. If that image does not correspond to the country’s actual level of climate power, commitment and leadership, it becomes a myth. In this article, we define climate self-images/myths and analyze comprehensively the Brazilian case between 1989 and 2019. For most of this period, Brazil’s self-image was a myth. © 2019, (publisher Name). All rights reserved

Myths and images in global climate governance, conceptualization and the case of Brazil (1989 - 2019)

Countries have a self-image of their role in global climate governance. If that image does not correspond to the country’s actual level of climate power, commitment and leadership, it becomes a myth. In this article, we define climate self-images/myths and analyze comprehensively the Brazilian case between 1989 and 2019. For most of this period, Brazil’s self-image was a myth

Sem lugar no mundo : a Argentina na política internacional das mudanças climáticas

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais, 2011.Tendo como marco de referência a relevância central do problema da mudança climática para as pautas de cooperação e conflito no campo das Relações Internacionais contemporâneas, a presente Dissertação tem a pretensão de ser um estudo exploratório sobre o lugar da Argentina na política internacional das mudanças climáticas. Assim, quatro perguntas guiam os esforços de pesquisa: (1) A Argentina é um ator relevante na dinâmica global de clima? (2) Existem incentivos para que o país participe ativamente na construção de um regime internacional – lato sensu - que estimule uma rápida e profunda descarbonização da economia global? (3) A política climática argentina reflete, nos âmbitos interno e externo, o nível de vulnerabilidade climática do país e os desenvolvimentos recentes da política climática global? (4) Que fatores explicam a distância entre as demandas do problema climático e a resposta da política? As respostas a essas perguntas são construídas por meio da análise: a) de uma série de dados objetivos sobre a situação climática do país e b) do estado da política climática local nos âmbitos doméstico e externo. Para interpretar essas informações recorre-se a um marco conceitual plural que inclui aportes da literatura sobre governança global, economia internacional das mudanças climáticas, segurança nacional e o peso dos valores e idéias nas respostas sociais ao fenômeno climático. Nesse marco de referência analítico, o conceito de potências climáticas adquire especial relevância. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTHaving as framework the centrality of climate change for contemporary International Relations, this dissertation is an exploratory study regarding the place of Argentina in the global politics of climate change. Four questions guide the research effort: 1) Is Argentina a relevant actor in the global climate dynamics? 2) What kind of incentives does the country have to participate in the construction of an international regime that stimulates a rapid and profound transition to a low carbon economy? 3) Do climate politics and policies in Argentina reflect its level of vulnerability and the recent developments in global climate politics? 4) What factors explain the distance between climate demands and policy responses? The answers to these questions are constructed analyzing: a) objective data regarding the country´s climate situation and b) the political state of climate change in Argentina, both in the domestic and international realm. The analytical framework to interpret this information is wide, and includes contributions from different literatures: global governance, international political economy of climate change, climate security, and the importance of values and identities for the social responses to the climate problem. In this conceptual structure, the notion of climate powers is central. _______________________________________________________________________________ RÉSUMENTeniendo como marco de referencia la relevancia central del problema del cambio climático para las pautas de cooperación y conflicto en el campo de las Relaciones Internacionales Contemporáneas, la presente disertación tiene la pretensión de ser un estudio exploratorio sobre el lugar de la Argentina en la política global del cambio climático. De esta forma, cuatro preguntas guían el esfuerzo de pesquisa: ¿Es Argentina un actor relevante en dinámica global de clima? ¿Tiene el país incentivos para participar de forma activa en la construcción de un régimen – latu sensu – que estimule una rápida profunda decarbonización de la economía global? ¿Refleja la política climática argentina –tanto en el ámbito doméstico como internacional – el nivel de vulnerabilidad climática del país y los desarrollos recientes de la política global de clima? ¿Qué factores explican la distancia entre las demandas del problema climático y la respuesta política? La respuesta a estas preguntas es construida a través del análisis de: a) una serie de datos objetivos sobre la situación climática del país y b) el estado de la política climática local – tanto en el ámbito doméstico como externo. Para interpretar estas informaciones se recurre a un marco conceptual plural que incluye aportes de la literatura sobre gobernanza global, economía internacional del cambio climático, seguridad y defensa nacional, el peso de los valores e ideas en las respuestas sociales al fenómeno climático. En este marco de referencia conceptual, el concepto de potências climáticas cobra especial relevância

Governança ambiental: da destruição das florestas até os objetivos de descarbonização

The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the place of the environment in the history of Brazil and of Brazil’s place in the global governance of climate change, an area in which the country has been a relevant player. The theoretical framework of reference is the approach of the climate commitment that analyzes the trajectory of emissions, domestic and external climate policies of the country. The concepts of approach are applied to five historical periods.O objetivo deste artigo é oferecer um panorama geral do lugar do meio ambiente na história do Brasil e do lugar do Brasil na governança global da mudança climática, área em que o país tem sido um ator de relevância. O marco teórico de referência é o enfoque do compromisso climático que analisa a trajetória das emissões, das políticas climáticas domésticas e externas ao país. Os conceitos do enfoque são aplicados a cinco períodos históricos

El túnel aerodinámico ACLA-16 de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Cuando en 1994, a consecuencia de la remodelación general del edificio principal de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Aeronáuticos (ETSIA), fue preciso desmantelar las primitivas instalaciones de ensayos aerodinámicos existentes en el Laboratorio de Aerodinámica de la E.T.S.I. Aeronáuticos (la mayoría de las cuales fueron construidas bajo la dirección del Profesor Ignacio Da Riva [1]),se decidió que tras la remodelación del Laboratorio el diseño de las nuevas instalaciones debería estar orientado a dotar a la Escuela de las instalaciones de ensayos precisas para satisfacer las necesidades de ensayos aerodinámicos de las empresas nacionales. Con este objetivo en mente, y habida cuenta de los diferentes requisitos que se exigen a las instalaciones para ensayos aeronáuticos y a las dedicadas a ensayos no aeronáuticos, se decidió que con los presupuestos y disponibilidades existente las instalaciones de ensayos aerodinámicos de la E.T.S.I.A. debían estar orientadas hacia lo que se conoce como aerodinámica civil, de modo que se optó por el desarrollo de túneles aerodinámicos de baja velocidad, con calidades de vena fluida no tan exigentes como las requeridas en los túneles de uso aeronáutic

Inner Ear Genes Underwent Positive Selection and Adaptation in the Mammalian Lineage

The mammalian inner ear possesses functional and morphological innovations that contribute to its unique hearing capacities. The genetic bases underlying the evolution of this mammalian landmark are poorly understood. We propose that the emergence of morphological and functional innovations in the mammalian inner ear could have been driven by adaptive molecular evolution. In this work, we performed a meta-analysis of available inner ear gene expression data sets in order to identify genes that show signatures of adaptive evolution in the mammalian lineage. We analyzed ∼1,300 inner ear expressed genes and found that 13% show signatures of positive selection in the mammalian lineage. Several of these genes are known to play an important function in the inner ear. In addition, we identified that a significant proportion of genes showing signatures of adaptive evolution in mammals have not been previously reported to participate in inner ear development and/or physiology. We focused our analysis in two of these genes: STRIP2 and ABLIM2 by generating null mutant mice and analyzed their auditory function. We found that mice lacking Strip2 displayed a decrease in neural response amplitudes. In addition, we observed a reduction in the number of afferent synapses, suggesting a potential cochlear neuropathy. Thus, this study shows the usefulness of pursuing a high-throughput evolutionary approach followed by functional studies to track down genes that are important for inner ear function. Moreover, this approach sheds light on the genetic bases underlying the evolution of the mammalian inner ear.Fil: Pisciottano, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Cinalli, Alejandro Raúl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Stopiello, Juan Matías. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Castagna, Valeria Carolina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Farmacologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Elgoyhen, Ana Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Rubinstein, Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Casati, Maria Eugenia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Farmacologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Franchini, Lucia Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentin

Genome evolution in morphological adaptation to cave environment in Astyanax mexicanus

Trabajo presentado en el EMBO Workshop The evolution of animal genomes, celebrado en modalidad virtual del 13 al 17 de septiembre de 2021

The role of Cis-Regulatory elements in morphological adaptation to cave environment in Astyanax mexicanus

Trabajo presentado en EMBO Workshop Enhanceropathies: Understanding enhancer function to understand human disease, celebrado en Santander (España) del 06 al 09 de octubre de 2021

An example of Space Engineering Education in Spain: a master in space based on Project-Based Learning (PBL)

This work describes the successful education experience for five years of space engineering education at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain. The MSc. in Space Systems (MUSE, Máster Universitario en Sistemas Espaciales) is a 2-year and 120-ECTS (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System) master program organized by the Microgravity Institute ‘Ignacio Da Riva’ (IDR/UPM), a research institute of UPM with extensive experience in the space sector. The teaching methodology is oriented to Project Based Learning (PBL), taking advantage of the IDR/UPM Institute experience. The main purposes are to share the IDR/UPM knowledge with the students and promote their collaboration with several space scientific institutions, both national and international. In the present work, the most relevant characteristics of this master program are described, highlighting the importance of the student’s participation in actual missions. In addition, to offer practical cases in all aspects of satellite development, the IDR/UPM decided to create its own satellite development program, the UPMSats. The latest, the UPMSat-2, is an educational, scientific, and in-orbit technological demonstration microsatellite (50 kg-class) that was launched in September 2020 on-board a Vega launcher (VV-16 flight). MUSE students have participated in all phases of the mission, from design to integration, calibration, and testing, and (at present) in-orbit operation. The construction of a microsatellite, although it exceeds in time the academic duration of the master, has proven to be a very interesting and versatile tool for PBL education, since it provides practical cases at all levels of development. Furthermore, the continuity of the project encourages graduated students to continue their education with a Ph.D. and the collaboration of master and doctoral students. These reasons have made MUSE one of the most successful academic programs in space systems engineering in Spain, with high employment rates in the most prestigious space engineering institution

UPMSat-2 Micro-Satellite: In-orbit Technological Demonstration for Education and Science

The UPMSat-2 micro-satellite was launched on September the 3rd 2020 at 01:51:10 UTC from Kourou spaceport in French Guyana. The VV16 Vega Flight has been the first low Earth orbit rideshare commercial flight with a total of 53 satellites (7 of them micro-satellites) to be released by the launch vehicle, arranged in the modular SSMS (Small Spacecraft Mission Service) dispenser. UPMSat-2 is an educational, scientific and in-orbit technological demonstration microsatellite project led by the IDR/UPM research institute from Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Spain. This mission can be considered as a logical extension of the IDR/UPM Institute activities focused on designing small satellites to be used as educational platforms of first level. Thereby, UPMSat-2 (as well as its precursor, the UPMSat-1) has the main objective to give students the competences for designing, analyzing, manufacturing, integrating, testing and operating the platform. UPMSat-2 also includes a set of scientific payloads and equipment to be tested in space, provided by research institutions and private companies. The UPMSat-2 is a 50 kg-class microsatellite developed for a 2-year LEO mission with a geometrical envelope of 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.6 m. Since launch, the satellite is orbiting the Earth in a sun-synchronous orbit of 500 km of altitude, passing over the IDR/UPM ground station four times a day. The satellite operation is being carried out by students and professors of the Master in Space Systems (MUSE), an official Master’s program of UPM organized by IDR/UPM. This work describes the most relevant characteristics of UPMSat-2, its payloads, technological contributions, and the main activities performed up to the launch, including participation in the launch campaign in French Guyana. The lessons learned during the mission are also summarized. Finally, the importance and benefits of incorporating actual space systems design and development within academic programs is also emphasized, as it improves these programs with constant and direct feedback