THE GERMAN REFORM OF SEXUAL OFFENCES OF 2016

Il legislatore tedesco ha nel 2016 riformato incisivamente la legislazione penale sessuale. La norma di maggiore impatto giuridico e simbolico è il § 177/1 StGB, che sancisce – per la prima volta in un grande ordinamento di Civil Law – la punibilità degli atti sessuali "meramente dissensuali". Ulteriore modifica rilevante è l'incriminazione degli atti sessuali commessi "a sorpresa", così come quella delle molestie sessuali. È stato poi introdotto un peculiare delitto "accessorio" (§ 184j StGB) che sanziona la mera partecipazione ad un gruppo che induca uno dei membri a commettere un reato sessuale. Siffatta previsione, peraltro, si connota per una strumentalizzazione simbolica del diritto penale che non appare accompagnata da un potenziamento funzionale della tutela della libertà sessuale. In un'ottica complessiva, tuttavia, va osservato come la suddetta ombra (così come altre minori) sia affiancata da importanti luci, a partire dalla svolta "consensualistica" del Sexualstrafrecht tedesco, che ad avviso dello scrivente consentono un giudizio globalmente positivo – pur con talune riserve – sulla riforma

Verso un nuovo diritto penale sessuale

This book is centred on the proposal of a new organic criminal discipline for sexual offences in Italy. The Foreword introduces innovative concepts and 'general' breakdowns relating to sexual criminal law. Chapter 1 then addresses a critical analysis of the current discipline, pursuant to articles 609-bis and following of the Criminal Code and the related case law. Chapter 2 tables an in-depth comparative analysis of the legislation governing sexual offences in Germany, Portugal, France and England, which is also extended to legal theory and practice. Chapter 3 then presents, complete with detailed commentary, an organic project of reform for Italian legislation, characterised by a total discontinuity with the current discipline, where the principal incriminations hinge upon the mere 'sexual dissent' of the victim, breaking down different types of sexually relevant behaviour that are at present all lumped in together in the melting-pot of "sexual assault" into three different offences, while also introducing other incisive innovations

Reply to "The incidence of cisplatin nephrotoxicity post hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and cytoreductive surgery".

We read an article by Hakeam, Breakiet, Azzam, Nadeem, and Amin, with interest and would like to congratulate the authors for the effort that they have put in a field so challenging.Cytoreductive S..

Systemic candidiasis in farm-reared red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) caused by Leucosporidium spp

BACKGROUND: This report describes the results of radiological, histological and molecular examination of three farm-reared red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) affected by candidiasis. CASE PRESENTATION: Three juvenile farm-reared red-legged partridges in a batch of 100 of the same species were sent for clinical and pathological investigations. The owner referred of a sudden isolation of the sick animals, with apathy, diarrhea, ruffled plumage and respiratory rattles. Post mortem total body lateral projection radiograph showed an increased perihilar interstitial pattern and air bronchogram signs due to lung edema. At necropsy, carcasses showed cachexia; the pericloacal region was soiled by diarrheic fecal material. From the mouth to the intestine, a mucous yellowish fluid was present on a slightly reddish mucosa. Histopathology showed slight edema and congestion with different free fungal elements, referable to blastospores, hyphae and pseudohyphae. Biomolecular exam identified the most similar sequences as belonging to Leucosporidium scottii. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this case report describes for the first time this fungal species as a causative agent of candidiasis in birds

Hemorrhage from primitive rectal varices in patient with idiophatic thrombosis of portal vein: case report

Introduction. Rectal varices, primitive or secondary to hypertensive or thrombotic disorders of mesenteric-portal circle, represent an uncommon cause of lower digestive bleeding. The presence of rectal varices associated to idiopathic venous portal thrombosis represents a distinct nosologic entity, with important clinical and therapeutic problems related to it. Case report. Patient of young age, with positive anamnesis for primitive rectal varicies, admitted to our department for a serious rettorragy. The laboratory underlined moderate anaemia and the endoscopy documented the presence of multiple rectal varices, without evident signs of bleeding; the endoscopy documented the presence of two esophageal small varicose cords F1. The hepatobiliary sonography and the portography showed the massive thrombosis of the portal vein. The new serious episode of rectal bleeding induced us to subject the patient to a surgical operation of Hartmann recto-sigmoid resection. Conclusion. Because of the slight number of reported cases of primitive rectal varices and because of the scattering of many dates it’s difficult to draw an univocal diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm. Clinical framing and subsequent therapeutic approach rise often up from personal experience rather than well defined guidelines. The treatment is controversial, time by time many therapeutic options are reported either conservative or interventist. The failure of conservative therapy and the recurrent episodes of bleeding give indication to surgical treatment, that is represented by Hartmann colonic resection and/or the porto-systemic shunts in the cases of portal hypertension; in our case we made colonic resection sec. because of lapsed performing status of the patient

Retrograde Positive Contrast Urethrocystography of the Fish Urogenital System

The radiological differences between the urinary tract of  Dicentrarchus labrax, Sparus aurata, Tinca tinca, and Cyprinus carpio are shown. In fresh water teleosts the urinary bladder is sigmoid and a short urethra leads to the urinary pore. Genital and anal pores are present. In Sparus aurata the urinary bladder has a globoid shape. In Dicentrarchus labrax the urinary bladder is smaller and elongate. In both marine teleosts a single urogenital pore is visible. Positive contrast was used to survey the urogenital system and evaluate shape and size of the bladder, urethra, ureter, and gonadal ducts. Results demonstrate the morphological variability of the urinary bladder and the craniodorsal entry of the ureters into the bladder. It is envisaged that this work will provide baseline information for further imaging studies for investigating the urogenital morphology and can be applied to identify disorders in fishes. Furthermore, the main interest of this study is that it demonstrates the morphological variability of the lower urinary system that exists between different species of fishes

Existence of solutions to some quasilinear degenerate elliptic systems with right hand side in a Marcinkiewicz space

We prove the existence of a solution to a quasilinear system of degenerate equations, when the datum is in a Marcinkiewicz space. The main assumption asks the off-diagonal coefficients to have support in the union of a geometric progression of squares

A Biomonitoring Pilot Study in Workers from a Paints Production Plant Exposed to Pigment-Grade Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)

Among particulate matter composing paints, titanium dioxide (TiO2) forms about 20% of the final suspension. Although TiO2 is broadly used in many applications, TiO2 powders represent an established respiratory hazard for workers with long-term exposure. In 35 workers of a paints production plant (15 exposed and 20 not exposed), we assessed pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17), surfactant protein D (SP-D) and Krebs von den Lungen-6 glycoprotein (KL-6) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). In urine samples, we measured 8-isoprostane (Isop) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) as biomarkers of oxidative stress, and Titanium (Ti-U) as a biomarker of exposure. Health status, habits and occupational history were recorded. Airborne respirable dusts and Ti were quantified. Particle number concentration and average diameter (nm) were detected by a NanoTracer™ monitoring device. Ti was measurable in filters collected at the respiratory breathing zone (0.11–0.44 µg/m3 8-h TWA). IL-1β and IL-10 values were significantly higher in exposed workers, whereas SP-D was significantly lower (p p 2 in paint production is associated with the subtle alterations of lung pathobiology. These findings suggest the need for an integrated approach relying on both personal exposure and biomarker assessment to improve the hazard characterisation in occupational settings

Microsatellite and RAS/RAF Mutational Status as Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)

Background Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) leads to prolonged survival for selected patients with colorectal (CRC) peritoneal metastases (PM). This study aimed to analyze the prognostic role of micro-satellite (MS) status and RAS/RAF mutations for patients treated with CRS. Methods Data were collected from 13 Italian centers with PM expertise within a collaborative group of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology. Clinical and pathologic variables and KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutational and MS status were correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results The study enrolled 437 patients treated with CRS-HIPEC. The median OS was 42.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.4-51.2 months], and the median DFS was 13.6 months (95% CI, 12.3-14.9 months). The local (peritoneal) DFS was 20.5 months (95% CI, 16.4-24.6 months). In addition to the known clinical factors, KRAS mutations (p = 0.005), BRAF mutations (p = 0.01), and MS status (p = 0.04) were related to survival. The KRAS- and BRAF-mutated patients had a shorter survival than the wild-type (WT) patients (5-year OS, 29.4% and 26.8% vs 51.5%, respectively). The patients with micro-satellite instability (MSI) had a longer survival than the patients with micro-satellite stability (MSS) (5-year OS, 58.3% vs 36.7%). The MSI/WT patients had the best prognosis. The MSS/WT and MSI/mutated patients had similar survivals, whereas the MSS/mutated patients showed the worst prognosis (5-year OS, 70.6%, 48.1%, 23.4%; p = 0.0001). In the multivariable analysis, OS was related to the Peritoneal Cancer Index [hazard ratio (HR), 1.05 per point], completeness of cytoreduction (CC) score (HR, 2.8), N status (HR, 1.6), signet-ring (HR, 2.4), MSI/WT (HR, 0.5), and MSS/WT-MSI/mutation (HR, 0.4). Similar results were obtained for DFS. Conclusion For patients affected by CRC-PM who are eligible for CRS, clinical and pathologic criteria need to be integrated with molecular features (KRAS/BRAF mutation). Micro-satellite status should be strongly considered because MSI confers a survival advantage over MSS, even for mutated patients