Traditional and Innovative Approaches in Seismic Design

This special issue collects selected papers about a wide range of innovative applications in earthquake engineering. These studies were presented during the 2nd Edition of the International Workshop “Traditional and Innovative Approaches in Seismic Engineering”, held in Pisa in March 2017. The topics refer to the investigation of traditional and innovative materials for earthquake engineering applications: masonry, reinforced concrete, steel, structural glass and timber. In particular, advanced analytical and numerical analyses are described for considering effects of strength and material irregularities and rocking behavior under seismic excitations on historic buildings and industrial facilities. Experimental tests are also illustrated with the purpose of investigating the strengthening on masonry arches due to lime-based mortar composites and of obtaining reliable values of stiffness for moment resisting steel-timber connections. Among the innovative approaches, studies on original pavilions made of long-spanned TVT-portals braced with hybrid glass-steel panels are illustrate

ANOMALÍAS DEL ESMALTE DENTARIO EN NIÑOS DE 5 A 8 AÑOS DE EDAD EN UNA POBLACIÓN PERUANA

Objetivo. Determinar la presencia de las anomalías del esmalte dentario de la población escolar de 5 a 8 años de edad en laasociación “Esperanza y Caridad”. Material y métodos. La muestra fueron 286 historias clínicas, de las cuales se obtuvieron losdatos cronológicos, antecedentes médicos y los registros odontológicos (Ficha odontológica). Posteriormente los datos fueronregistrados y ordenados por tablas en el programa Microsoft Excel, para que sean graficados, determinando la frecuencia y elporcentaje. Resultados. Se obtuvo que el 21,3% de la muestra presenta por lo menos una anomalía del esmalte dentario. Delas cuales, la hipoplasia del esmalte es la anomalía con más prevalencia con un 9,8%, seguida por la fluorosis con un 8,7%.Referente a la edad, mostraron un incremento de la presencia de las anomalías del esmalte dentario, conforme pase el cambio dela dentición primaria a la mixta. También presentaron mayor prevalencia en el sexo masc

Soil-Structure Interaction Simulations Taking into Account the Transient Propagation of Seismic Waves

In this contribution we present a strategy to investigate the vibrations of build­ ings subjected to a transient seismic excitation, including the soil-structure inte ract ion . The proposed simulation method can be helpful during the design of earthquake-resistant structures in seismic active areas as well as for the design of vibration reduction measures for buildings subjected to surrounding emissions like vibrations induced by traffic or ma­ chine foundations. The structures and their foundation as well as parts of the soil arc modeled by Finite Element Method (FEM). The far field is idealized as an infinite half­ space and modeled with the Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method (SBFEM). Both methods arc coupled at the common inter face. This approach fulfills exactly the Sommer­ feld radiation condition. The seismic excitation is idealized as a plane wave propagating toward the structure with an arbitrary angle with respect to the soil surface. The 3D seismic wave field, caused by the wave passage at the near field boundary, is transformed into boundary tractions , which arc then applied at the interface between the near and far fields. We present an application of the proposed method for a group of three buildings, which interact with each other through the soil during the propagation of the transient seismic waves. Although not shown here, the proposed method can handle nonlinear material properties assigned to any clement of FEM part

Colorimetric tools for solid-phase organic synthesis

One of the unresolved problems of solid-phase organic synthesis (SPOS) is the availability of general and rapid methods to monitor the transformation of functional groups present in molecules supported on insoluble supports. Color tests, far from providing the ultimate solution, may help in detection (and sometimes in quantification) of different functional groups. In this short review, we have collected most of the methods available and applied in SPOS with an Experimental Section that describes the procedure we have successfully applied to bead analyses in our laboratories

A self-immolative linker for the pH-responsive release of amides

The administration of therapeutics using bioconjugation has been mainly limited to drugs containing amine, alcohol, or thiol functional groups. Here, we report a general procedure for the preparation of benzylic N-acyl carbamates suitable for masking the amide group in important drugs such as Linezolid, Enzalutamide, or Tasimelteon in good to acceptable yields. These N-acyl carbamates appear to be stable in plasma, while a qualitative analysis of further drug uncage demonstrates that, at pH values of 5.5, a classical 1,6-benzyl elimination mechanism takes place, releasing more than 80% of the drug in 24 h. © 2023 by the authors