Production of rotenoids by heterotrophic and photomixotrophic cell cultures of Tephrosia vogelii

Les roténoïdes, composés dérivés de la voie du métabolisme phénylpropanoïde, sont en grande partie accumulés dans les feuilles de "Tephrosia vogelii$. Des cultures de suspensions cellulaires hétérotrophes et photomixotrophes de cette plante tropicale ont été obtenues. Les lignées cellulaires sont toutes deux capables de produire des roténoïdes, mais une production spéciale est observée dans chaque type de culture cellulaire. La lignée cellulaire photomixotrophe accumulait de la roténone et de la dégueline, et la lignée cellulaire hétérotrophe produisait essentiellement de la dégueline et de la téphrosine. (Résumé d'auteur

Greffe éptithélio-conjonctive ou greffe de tissu conjonctif enfoui ?

editorial reviewedLes récessions gingivales, fréquentes au niveau des incisives inférieures, affectent près de 50 % de la population. Leur prise en charge chirurgicale peut être envisagée en utilisant différentes techniques, la greffe épithélio-conjonctive et la greffe de tissu conjonctif enfoui étant les mieux décrites. La première permet, entre autres, un gain considérable de gencive kératinisée ainsi que l’approfondissement du vestibule. En revanche, elle est peu prédictible en termes de recouvrement. La greffe de tissu conjonctif enfoui avec déplacement coronaire est quant à elle plus prédictible en termes de recouvrement et plus esthétique. Cependant, elle ne permet que peu de gain de gencive kératinisée et demande une plus grande expérience clinique. Cet article décrit les procédures chirurgicales de ces deux techniques, en exposant leurs avantages et inconvénients afin de guider les praticiens vers la technique qui conviendra le mieux à la situation et à la demande de leur patient

Many Faces of Entropy or Bayesian Statistical Mechanics

Some 80-90 years ago, George A. Linhart, unlike A. Einstein, P. Debye, M. Planck and W. Nernst, has managed to derive a very simple, but ultimately general mathematical formula for heat capacity vs. temperature from the fundamental thermodynamical principles, using what we would nowadays dub a "Bayesian approach to probability". Moreover, he has successfully applied his result to fit the experimental data for diverse substances in their solid state in a rather broad temperature range. Nevertheless, Linhart's work was undeservedly forgotten, although it does represent a valid and fresh standpoint on thermodynamics and statistical physics, which may have a significant implication for academic and applied science.Comment: submitte

Predicting probing depth reduction after periodontal non-surgical treatment in smokers according to the nicotine dependence and the number of cigarette consumed.

peer reviewed[en] Introduction: Smoking is considered as a risk factor for the poor outcomes after periodontitis non-surgical treatment (PNST). The aim of this short communication is to predict probing depth reduction after periodontal non-surgical treatment in smokers according to the nicotine dependence (FTND) and the number of cigarette consumed (NCC). Methods: This work is a post-hoc study of a prospective controlled study on the effect of oral hygiene instructions and PNST on periodontal outcomes. This short communication focused only on the current conventional smokers (N = 34), based on specific smoking indicators, and on probing depth (PD) parameter that were recorded at baseline (time 0), after oral hygiene instruction (time 1) and 3 months after PNST (time 2). Results: The 34 smokers had a mean age 46.5 ± 11.5 years. The NCC- and FTND-based predictions allowed to show in a specific nomogram the PD values 3 months after PNST for each NCC and FTND category. Conclusion: Two nomograms are proposed for prognostic purposes and allow patients to understand the impact of smoking on periodontitis according to the number of cigarette consumed and the level of nicotine dependence. These nomograms might be also used for supporting smoking cessation. Clinical significance: In smoker patients with periodontitis, there is a need to predict, for both patient and clinicians, the impact of the number of cigarettes consumed and the level of nicotine dependence on probing depth after oral hygiene instructions and debridement. Two nomograms are proposed for prognostic purposes

Digital vs. conventional workflow for one-abutment one-time immediate restoration in the esthetic zone: a randomized controlled trial.

peer reviewed[en] OBJECTIVES: To compare short-term outcomes after immediate restoration of a single implant in the esthetic zone with one-abutment one-time technique comparing a conventional (control) vs. a fully digital workflow (test). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen subjects were randomly assigned to the two groups, and a digital implant planning was performed for all. In the test group, a custom-made zirconia abutment and a CAD-CAM provisional crown were prepared prior to surgery; implants were placed using a s-CAIS guide allowing immediate restoration after surgery. In the control group, the implant was placed free-handed using a conventional surgical guide, and a custom-made zirconia abutment to support a stratified provisional crown was placed 10 days thereafter, based on a conventional impression. Implant accuracy (relative to the planning), the provisional restoration outcomes, as well as PROMs were assessed. RESULTS: The implant positioning showed higher accuracy with the s-CAIS surgical guide compared to free-handed surgery (angular deviation (AD): 2.41 ± 1.27° vs. 6.26 ± 3.98°, p < 0.014; entry point deviation (CGD): 0.65 ± 0.37 mm vs. 1.27 ± 0.83 mm, p < 0.059; apical deviation (GAD): 1.36 ± 0.53 mm vs. 2.42 ± 1.02 mm, p < 0.014). The occlusion and interproximal contacts showed similar results for the two workflows (p = 0.7 and p = 0.69, respectively). The PROMs results were similar in both groups except for impression taking with intra-oral scanning preferred over conventional impressions (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Both workflows allowed implant placement and immediate/early restoration and displayed similar clinical and esthetic outcomes. The fully digital workflow was associated with a more accurate implant position relative to planning. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our results show that both conventional and digital workflow are predictive and provide similar clinical outcomes, with extra precision provided by digitalisation

CO emission and variable CH and CH+ absorption towards HD34078: evidence for a nascent bow shock ?

The runaway star HD34078, initially selected to investigate small scale structure in a foreground diffuse cloud has been shown to be surrounded by highly excited H2. We first search for an association between the foreground cloud and HD34078. Second, we extend previous investigations of temporal absorption line variations (CH, CH+, H2) in order to better characterize them. We have mapped the CO(2-1) emission at 12 arcsec resolution around HD34078's position, using the 30 m IRAM antenna. The follow-up of CH and CH+ absorption lines has been extended over 5 more years. In parallel, CH absorption towards the reddened star Zeta Per have been monitored to check the homogeneity of our measurements. Three more FUSE spectra have been obtained to search for N(H2) variations. CO observations show a pronounced maximum near HD34078's position, clearly indicating that the star and diffuse cloud are associated. The optical spectra confirm the reality of strong, rapid and correlated CH and CH+ fluctuations. On the other hand, N(H2, J=0) has varied by less than 5 % over 4 years. We also discard N(CH) variations towards Zeta Per at scales less than 20 AU. Observational constraints from this work and from 24 micron dust emission appear to be consistent with H2 excitation but inconsistent with steady-state bow shock models and rather suggest that the shell of compressed gas surrounding HD34078, is seen at an early stage of the interaction. The CH and CH+ time variations as well as their large abundances are likely due to chemical structure in the shocked gas layer located at the stellar wind/ambient cloud interface. Finally, the lack of variations for both N(H2, J=0) towards HD34078 and N(CH) towards Zeta Per suggests that quiescent molecular gas is not subject to pronounced small-scale structure.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in A&

One-stage versus two-stage piezocision-assisted orthodontic tooth movement: A preclinical study based on Nano-CT and RT-PCR analyses.

peer reviewed[en] OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a second-stage piezocision on the biological response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 rats were randomly allocated to 6 experimental groups of 10 rats. Rats undergoing a one-stage piezocision were sacrified on day 7, 28 and 42 (groups 1-3) while rats undergoing a two-satge piezocision were sacrified on day 42, 63 and 90 (groups 4-6), respectively. The biological response was investigated in 3D at the tissue level using Nano-computed tomography (Nano-CT) and, at the molecular level using the qRT-PCR technique. Bone Volume Fraction (BVF) loss was the primary endpoint. RESULTS: Similar loss of BVF were observed both after the first and second piezocisions. The change in BVF loss between 7 and 28 days after each piezocision were 25.1 ± 13.0 (SE)% and 11.2 ± 11.6 (SE)% respectively and did not differ from each other (p = 0.43). Changes in BVF loss from 7 to 42 days were also comparable in one-stage and two-stage piezocision (4.9 ± 12.3 (SE) vs. -19.9 ± 13.4 (SE), p = 0.19). At the molecular level, all parameters except Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) protein had identical patterns. CONCLUSION: Within the limits of the present study, a second piezocision allowed to re-induce the Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon (RAP) effect. Nevertheless, the relevance of the findings to the clinical effect has not been tested

Treatment of Stage I-III Periodontitis -The EFP S3 Level Clinical Practice Guideline

The recently introduced 2017 World Workshop classification of periodontitis, incorporating stages and grades of disease, aims to link disease classification with approaches to prevention and treatment, as it not only describes disease severity and extent, but also the degree of complexity and an individual`s risk. There is, therefore, a need for evidence-based clinical guidelines providing recommendations to treat periodontitis