Measuring Team Cohesiveness in the Marshall University Summer Enrichment Program

The present study investigates team cohesion among graduate students participating in the Marshall University Graduate College (MUGC) summer enrichment program. The purpose of the study was to use a team cohesiveness evaluation and expert ratings to determine if this evaluation is an accurate measure of team cohesiveness. A Spearman’s rho correlation showed low correlation and non-significance between the team cohesiveness evaluation survey ratings by students in a consultation class and practicum class for each week that was examined. Results also showed low correlation and no significance between the ratings of students in a consultation class and practicum class and the expert panel rankings. There was also no significant difference between using raw and weighted scores. Results indicated that the MUGC summer enrichment program should re-evaluate the use of the Team Cohesiveness Evaluation survey

Brazilian Legal Education: Curricular Reform that Goes Further Without Going Beyond

Brazilian legal education is engaged since 1994 in a long and inconclusive process of curriculum reform in which the Brazilian Bar Association (Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil) has been one of its greatest players. The transformations undertaken in legal education in the last two decades, were buoyed by three things: (a) the redemocratization of the country, completed in 1988 with the promulgation of the new Constitution, (b) the expansion of higher education, which resulted in a amount of more than half of a million law students, and (c) the protection of interests of the lawyers’ corporation, even though it has been done under the argument of a genuine defense of a minimum level of quality for the Brazilian legal education. Interestingly, all this reform process is done without any trace of dialogue with the Bologna process and rarely integrating the challenges of a legal practice increasingly internationalized. This article proposes a critical review of the incomplete process of legal education reform, seeking to understand how, despite its original purposes, it has been imprisoned on the one hand, by the corporate share of the Brazilian Bar Association and on the other hand, by the reproduction of old practices in the teaching of Brazilian law. Finally, between the reproduction of the past and the uncertainty of the future, Brazilian legal education is facing a broad challenge that goes beyond the definition of its curriculum structure. In short, rethink the foundations of its access, the parameters of its offer and the importance of its social impact is undoubtedly a necessity to adequately speculate about the future of Brazilian legal education

Brazilian Legal Education: Curricular Reform that Goes Further Without Going Beyond

Brazilian legal education is engaged since 1994 in a long and inconclusive process of curriculum reform in which the Brazilian Bar Association (Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil) has been one of its greatest players. The transformations undertaken in legal education in the last two decades, were buoyed by three things: (a) the redemocratization of the country, completed in 1988 with the promulgation of the new Constitution, (b) the expansion of higher education, which resulted in a amount of more than half of a million law students, and (c) the protection of interests of the lawyers’ corporation, even though it has been done under the argument of a genuine defense of a minimum level of quality for the Brazilian legal education. Interestingly, all this reform process is done without any trace of dialogue with the Bologna process and rarely integrating the challenges of a legal practice increasingly internationalized. This article proposes a critical review of the incomplete process of legal education reform, seeking to understand how, despite its original purposes, it has been imprisoned on the one hand, by the corporate share of the Brazilian Bar Association and on the other hand, by the reproduction of old practices in the teaching of Brazilian law. Finally, between the reproduction of the past and the uncertainty of the future, Brazilian legal education is facing a broad challenge that goes beyond the definition of its curriculum structure. In short, rethink the foundations of its access, the parameters of its offer and the importance of its social impact is undoubtedly a necessity to adequately speculate about the future of Brazilian legal education

Micro-CT Evaluation of a Novel Technique Used for The Removal of Single Cone Obturated Mesial Roots of Mandibular First Molars Filled with Bioceramic Sealer and Bioceramic Coated Gutta Percha vs Traditional Gutta Percha

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two new to the market 3-dimensional serpentine shaped nickel titanium rotary files, XP Shaper and TRUShape, as primary retreatment files for the removal of filling of material from mesial roots of mandibular first molars filled with bioceramic sealer and two different types of gutta percha, bioceramic coated and traditional non-coated cones.;Materials and methods: 40 mesial roots of mandibular first molars were prepared and divided into four groups (n = 10). 20 specimens were obturated with single cones of traditional non-coated gutta percha (TGP), EndoSequence Gutta Percha, and 20 specimens were obturated with bioceramic coated single cones (BC), EndoSequence BC Points. Both were sealed with a bioceramic sealer, EndoSequence BC Sealer. Removal of the obturated and sealed gutta percha from the root canals were performed by either the TRUShape (TS) or XP Shaper (XP) files. The efficacy of filling material removal was examined using a micro-computed tomographic scanner. Mean percentages of volume and surface area remaining after the retreatment procedure were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Canal patency and their correlation with the files and gutta percha were analyzed using Pearson\u27s chi-square test. All tests were set at a significance level of (p = 0.05).;Results: The mean percentage volume and surface area of remaining filling material was significantly different (p \u3c 0.05), among all groups tested. The use of XP files in removing BC coated cones, resulted in canals with a mean percentages of 33.98 +/- 5.28% volume and 61.97 +/- 7.17% surface area of residual material which were significantly different than all the other groups, (p \u3c 0.05). Significant differences were found in the mean percentage of volume and surface area of remaining material when comparing the efficacy of XP to TS for (p \u3c 0.05), independent of the type of gutta percha used. Finally, there was a significant association between the type of gutta percha used and canal patency (p \u3c 0.05); teeth obturated with TGP cones achieved 65% canal patency compared to 25% in those obturated with BC cones. There appears to be a strong correlation between the type of file used and canal patency (p = 0.0565) with 60% of the TS group regaining canal patency compared to 30% in the XP group.;Conclusion: Neither of the 3D motion files tested were able to successfully remove 100% filling material from the canals nor regain 100% canal patency. However, the TS instrument was found to remove significantly more material independent of the gutta percha used and establish canal patency in 60% of the roots retreated. Teeth obturated with traditional gutta percha regained canal patency better than those obturated with bioceramic coated gutta percha. The results of this study show that the use of a bioceramic sealer especially in combination with a bioceramic coated gutta percha may make regaining canal patency more difficult

El derecho (europeo) a la buena administración y el problema de la autonomía de las pretensiones participativas en el ordenamiento italiano

This research analyzes the interactions between the (European) right to good administration and the institutions and dogmatic categories in the Italian national legal system. The work focuses on the called claims for participation of private actors, where the influence of European Union Law is greater and has reinforced the idea - previously present in Italian scholarly works - that these claims, in addition of being legal situations worthy of independent attention, can also be categorized as subjective rights (and not merely as legitimate interests). It aims to demonstrate how the right to good administration, as an open clause, can comprise different duties of protection in the head of the Public Administration, which arise with the beginning of an administrative procedure.Este trabajo analiza las interacciones que se presentan entre el derecho (europeo) a la buena administración y las instituciones y categorías dogmáticas en el sistema jurídico nacional italiano. La investigación centra su atención en las llamadas pretensiones participativas del privado, donde la influencia del derecho de la Unión se ha manifestado con particular vigor, reforzando la idea –presente desde antes en la doctrina italiana– de que dichas pretensiones, además de ser situaciones jurídicas dignas de consideración independiente, son también calificables como derechos subjetivos, y no solo como intereses legítimos. Así, se busca demostrar cómo el derecho a una buena administración, debido a su naturaleza de cláusula abierta, puede englobar las diferentes obligaciones de protección a cargo de la Administración pública, en el marco de la dinámica relacional que surge por el inicio de un procedimiento administrativo

Il cambiamento organizzativo in contesti di crisi aziendale: due casi studio

il superamento della crisi aziendale attraverso il cambiamento organizzativ

Sensores e biossensores associados à nanotecnologia e sua vinculação com a inteligência artificial e a indústria 4.0

Os sensores e biossensores são dispositivos para fins analíticos, utilizados para a quantificação e qualificação de um analito de interesse. O primeiro é um detector físico-químico, enquanto na estrutura do segundo é combinado um componente biológico com um detector físico-químico. O biossensor é capaz de interpretar as mudanças químicas e físicas produzidas em presença do composto a ser analisado, originando um sinal eletrônico capaz de ser interpretado. Os mais novos campos de aplicações para biossensores variam em função do tipo de transdutor usado e do agente biológico, tendo como principal aplicação: indústrias de alimentos, farmacêuticas e químicas, prospecção de petróleo e gás, controle ambiental, controle de qualidade, medicina e engenharia biomédica, controle de pesticidas na agricultura, controle antidoping, etc. Os biossensores têm sido vinculados com a nanotecnologia, para melhorar sua qualidade e reduzir seu tamanho. Assim como, com a inteligência artificial, para melhorar a qualidade das análises e fornecer resultados concisos a partir de uma grande quantidade de dados. Neste trabalho, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de alguns dos biossensores mais modernos, estudando a tendência das publicações acerca do tema, do país de origem da publicação e de suas classificações para entender o panorama atual desta tecnologia, levando em conta seu histórico. Assim, tem-se algumas expectativas do que pode-se ver sendo pesquisado pela comunidade científica nos próximos anos. A China aparece como potência nestas áreas de pesquisa e inovação. Esse país tem criado uma base sólida no âmbito acadêmico, por meio da influência do estado, que ao longo dos anos mais investe. Os EUA ficam, hoje, com a segunda colocação, pois apesar de ainda possuírem um número robusto de publicações anuais, não acompanharam o crescimento chinês