Immigration and Heterogeneous Labor in Western Germany: A Labor Market Classification Based on Nonparametric Estimation

This paper presents a methodology to identify net demand shocks as well as wage rigidities in heterogeneous labor markets on the basis of nonparametric regression. We show how this approach can be used to make suggestions for immigration policy in economies with labor market rigidities. In an application to western Germany it is demonstrated that nonparametric regression is feasible in higher dimensions with only a few thousand observations. In sum, labor markets able to absorb immigrants are characterized by above average age and by professional occupations. On the other hand, labor markets for young workers in service occupations are identified to exhibit rising unemployment due to wage rigidities and are therefore not recommended for immigration. --wage,unemployment,migration,rigidity,nonparametric regression

Immigration and Heterogeneous Labor in Western Germany : A Labor Market Classification Based on Nonparametric Estimation

This paper presents a methodology to identify net demand shocks as well as wage rigidities in heterogeneous labor markets on the basis of nonparametric regression. We show how this approach can be used to make suggestions for immigration policy in economies with labor market rigidities. In an application to western Germany it is demonstrated that nonparametric regression is feasible in higher dimensions with only a few thousand observations. In sum, labor markets able to absorb immigrants are characterized by above average age and by professional occupations. On the other hand, labor markets for young workers in service occupations are identified to exhibit rising unemployment due to wage rigidities and are therefore not recommended for immigration

Proposal for reading out anyon qubits in non-abelian ν=12/5\nu = 12/5 quantum Hall state

To detect non-abelian statistics in the $\nu = 12/5$ quantum Hall state through interferometry, we apply an analysis similar to the ones proposed for the non-abelian $\nu = 5/2$ quantum Hall state. The result is that the amplitude of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillation of this interference is dependent on the internal states of quasiholes, but, in contrast to the $\nu = 5/2$ quantum Hall state, independent of the number of quasiholes. However, if the quasiholes are in a superposition state, it is necessary for the interferometer to have certain additional features to obtain the coefficients.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures, Latex. Reference added, some errors corrected, some content changed, some changes in the abstrac

Reading mixtures of uniform sequence-defined macromolecules to increase data storage capacity

In recent years, the field of molecular data storage has emerged from a niche to a vibrant research topic. Herein, we describe a simultaneous and automated read-out of data stored in mixtures of sequence-defined oligomers. Therefore, twelve different sequence-defined tetramers and three hexamers with different mass markers and side chains are successfully synthesised via iterative Passerini three-component reactions and subsequent deprotection steps. By programming a straightforward python script for ESI-MS/MS analysis, it is possible to automatically sequence and thus read-out the information stored in these oligomers within one second. Most importantly, we demonstrate that the use of mass-markers as starting compounds eases MS/MS data interpretation and furthermore allows the unambiguous reading of sequences of mixtures of sequence-defined oligomers. Thus, high data storage capacity considering the field of synthetic macromolecules (up to 64.5 bit in our examples) can be obtained without the need of synthesizing long sequences, but by mixing and simultaneously analysing shorter sequence-defined oligomers

A disorder analysis of the Ising model

Lattice studies of monopole condensation in QCD are based on the construction of a disorder parameter, a creation operator of monopoles which is written in terms of the gauge fields. This procedure is expected to work for any system which presents duality. We check it on the Ising model in 2d, which is exactly solvable. The output is an amusing exercise in statistical mechanics.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure

Effects of Intravenous Aspirin on Prostaglandin Synthesis and Kidney Function in Intensive Care Patients

The effects of intravenous acetylsalicylic acid (1.0 g bolus) on renal function and prostaglandin synthesis were evaluated in a prospective, controlled study in eight patients in an intensive care unit. Four of these patients had congestive heart failure. Administration of acetylsalicylic acid caused significant antidiuresis (−56%), antinatriuresis (−82%), renin suppression (−26%) and decreased GFR (−41%). All of these changes were completely reversible within 1-2 hours and tended to be more pronounced in the patients with congestive heart failure. Urinary excretion of prostaglandin E was depressed profoundly (−93%) and did not return to more than 45% of control 6 h after the administration of acetylsalicylic acid. We conclude that intravenous acetylsalicylic acid affects kidney function in a manner similar to other prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors. Its effects are, however, short-lived. The inhibition of urinary PGE2 excretion outlasts GFR depression, antidiuresis, antinatriuresis and renin suppression by several hour

Spectroscopic characterization of highly doped ZnO films grown by atomic-layer deposition for three-dimensional infrared metamaterials

We systematically study the optical spectra of ZnO grown by atomic-layer deposition as a function of Al (and Ti) doping concentration. The spectra measured on films are well described by fits using a Drude free-electron model. The derived plasma frequencies are consistent with the expected amount of doping and can be continuously and controllably tuned from small values to about 400 THz. The losses (damping) are also quantified. In addition, we achieve smooth conformal coatings of three-dimensional polymer templates made by direct laser writing. Altogether, Al:ZnO appears as an attractive "tunable metal" for three-dimensional infrared metamaterials or transformation-optics architectures

Local Polariton States in Polar Crystals with Impurities

We show that an impurity embedded in an ionic crystal can give rise to a novel kind of local states. These states exist within a polariton gap of a material and are a mix of excitations of the crystal, such as phonons or excitons, and the transverse electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic component of the states along with the corresponding excitations of the material are localized in the vicinity of an impurity.Comment: 9 pages, RevTe

Monopole condensation in the ground state of gauge theories: a disorder parameter

We construct a disorder parameter for dual superconductivity of the ground state of $U(1)$ gauge theory.Comment: 3 pages, contribution to the Lattice '94 conference, shell archive containing uuencoded LATEX file + 2 figure