Insiders or Outsiders Within? Immigrants in the Finnish Labor Market

This article focuses on the position of immigrants on the Finnish labor marketin thecontext of recent migration history and the disintegration of the traditional paid-worksociety. Finland is a so-called late immigration country, where a positive trend inmigratory movements did not begin until the beginning of the l 990s and where thelabor migration phase after WWII was experienced not as an immigration countrybut as ane of emigration. One outcome of this is that immigrants are treated in societyas a social burden rather than a labor resource. Results of an empirical study concerningimmigrants in the Finnish labor market indicate that more than a half ofimmigrants who have been residing in Finland for several years have an unstablelabor market career, and almost one-third of them are in the margins of the Finnishlabor market. It seems that in Finland, as in the labor markets in many other postindustrialsocieties, immigrants are acting as a buffer against upswings and downswingsin the economy

Economy, Ethnicity and International Migration. The Comparison of Finland, Hungary and Russia

The focus of this paper is to compare present migration situation, history, economy and migration regulation in an European Union country (Finland), and, an EU accessing country (Hungary) and a major non - EU country (Russia). Our material and methods base on literature survey, policy analysis and analysis of the existing statistics and legislation. The results show that even in the era of globalisation that is often claimed to erode states regulatory power over the ? ows of capital and people, some regulatory power still exists. Instead of developing their policies in accordance with the largely self-regulating migration process, according to our data, the countries sought to regain political control through reproducing economic, ethnic and national hierarchies

International practice and policy trends in international labour immigration

Verkkoversion ISSN 1795-8210Report 12/200

Globalisation, Ethnicity and Migration. The Comparison of Finland, Hungary and Russia

The main focus of our project was the comparative study of labour migration in a European Union country (Finland), an EU accessing country (Hungary) and a major non-EU country (Russia) in order to reveal and analyse the causes and the geographic and social mechanisms of labour migration into these countries. The main aim has been to deepen our understanding of the social embeddedness of migratory processes in the analysed region in the era of globalisation. The chosen countries are of different sizes and social and economic background, but their different positions in global processes and their similarities which do appear nevertheless make them perfect objects for comparative studies. In order to structure the analysis, focus will be on the following questions: • How globalisation and the post-communist transition appear in the migration processes related to the three countries? • What economic and social factors can be associated with the drive of migration inflow if we consider regional migration aspects? • What is the role of ethnicity in migration? • What lessons can be learned from the comparative analysis of legal mechanisms of entering the respective countries? The project and this working paper has been funded by the University Research Corporation International and USAID in the framework of the “Improvement of Economic Policy Through Think Tank Partnership”. This working paper is the result of the joint work of the Demographic Research Institute at the Hungarian Central Statistical Office, Siberian Center for Applied Research in Economics and the Center for Ethnic elations and Nationalism at Helsinki University