An Analysis of Black Greek-letter Organization Philanthropy

Philanthropy is a significant component of the mission of many fraternities and sororities, especially Black Greek-letter organizations. We examine the role of philanthropy in these organizations, employing an approach infrequently used — archival data collection combined with quantitative methods. We first document the history of philanthropic activity among the nine members of the National Pan-Hellenic Council. Then, we use data from IRS tax returns to document quantitative patterns in these organizations’ income and spending. Though the analysis is merely exploratory, we find evidence that BGLOs have lower median revenues and expenditures than do other similar organizations, though a small number of outliers may fuel much of the difference in averages

Precedent

The first and only edition of Precedent was published by the Chicago College of Law post graduate senior and junior classes of 1896. A work of nearly 300 pages, the annual contains portraits and profiles of law faculty, alumni news, lists and composites for classes 1895-1897, news and photos of fraternities and organizations, class histories, poetry, and a humor section. Also included in the Annual is a series of articles written by faculty, focusing on topics of interest at the time, such as Women in the Law and Night Schools of the Future. Of particular interest in the annual are the articles on the history of the school, its founding, and its faculty. As the annual was published after the death of Justice Joseph Meade Bailey, it includes a memorial to Bailey as well as his last public address, given at the sixth annual banquet of the Alumni Association of the Chicago College of Law. This book was digitized at IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law due to the generosity of the Chicago History Museum, which holds the original item.https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/precedent/1000/thumbnail.jp

Coming Spruce Budworm Outbreak: Initial Risk Assessment and Preparation & Response Recommendations for Maine\u27s Forestry Community

The Maine Spruce Budworm Task Force was formed in summer 2013 by the University of Maine’s Cooperative Forestry Research Unit (CFRU), Maine Forest Service (MFS), and Maine Forest Products Council (MFPC) to begin preparing for the next outbreak of the eastern spruce budworm. The last SBW outbreak during the 1970s–80s grew quickly, killed millions of acres of spruce-fir stands, and cost the region’s economy many hundreds of millions of dollars. Although it is not possible to predict exactly when defoliation of balsam fir and spruce will begin, how severe the next outbreak will eventually become, or how long it will last, it is vital that Maine’s forestland owners and stewards begin preparing before widespread defoliation begins

Historical Vegetation, Fuel Loads, and Integrated Resource Information System for Bryce Canyon National Park

This report describes a comprehensive approach to understanding the role and effects of fire in Bryce Canyon National Park. The study includes a reconstruction of the historic vegetation of Bryce Canyon National Park from historic photographs, inference from computer simulation models, and research in areas of similar vegetation. The successional pathways from the historic vegetation to the present are discussed and the landscape scale consequences of fire suppression and successional devolopment are addressed

‘Teachers’ to ‘academics’: the implementation of a modernisation project at one UK post-92 university

Among the many external forces that have impacted upon institutions, league tables have been the dynamic to which universities across the world are now responding. Following the appointment of a new vice-chancellor at one post-92 UK university, a modernisation project was introduced aimed at maximising the institutions’ research standing. For the institutional actors, the university’s lecturers, this modernisation project demanded a change in their working practices from one which had focused on teaching related activities to a situation where an emphasis was to be placed upon research. This study examines how university teachers at this institution understood and responded to the modernisation project to acquire research skills and provides an insight into a path-breaking strategic plan that was enacted within an historically dependent setting. It muses on the dialectics of institutional path dependency and the path breaking effect of a modernisation project that was stimulated by new managerialism

Spruce Budworm in Maine 2020 Annual Report

As growing spruce budworm populations continue to fluctuate in Maine, the Maine Forest Service, University of Maine Cooperative Forestry Research Unit (CFRU), and our cooperator network are tracking populations carefully in anticipation of an approaching outbreak. A comprehensive spruce budworm (SBW) monitoring program requires a multi-pronged approach. It relies on using methods such as pheromone trapping, light trapping, overwintering L2 larval sampling, and both ground and aerial survey. At the core of the Maine Forest Service (MFS) monitoring program lies the extensive pheromone trap network throughout western and northern Maine\u27s spruce-fir forests. A permanent pheromone trap network was first established in 1992. It was made up of 80 sites operated by MFS, J.D. Irving Ltd, Penobscot Nation Department of Natural Resources, and the USDA Forest Service. The program grew substantially in 2014, and since then, with the support of a large team of stakeholders, the pheromone trap network now consists of hundreds of sites

Foresters in Action : Voices from the Past : Transcripts from Oregon State College Student Radio, 1938-1940

Foresters in Action was a radio program created and performed by students of the OSC School of Forestry. It was broadcast by KOAC radio station in Corvallis from 1936 until ca. 1943. The program offered snapshots of rural life in the Pacific Northwest, and sometimes beyond, told through a collegiate lens. This book is a collection of 38 radio scripts from Foresters in Action, spanning the time period from Winter Term 1938 through Spring Term 1940. The collection was donated to the OSU College of Forestry by the family of Arthur Harold Sasser ('41), an alumnus of the OSC Forestry School who wrote for and performed in Foresters in Action. The scripts have been transcribed, lightly edited, and digitized at the College for this collection. Each episode contains one or more lengthy anecdotes about the experiences of students, forest rangers, lookouts, fictitious characters, and historical figures in the great outdoors, either narrated or re-enacted via flashbacks, and tied together with good-natured banter, musical performances, and jokes. Stories of working, hunting, fishing, logging, and fighting fires are interspersed with discussions on the best ways to manage public and private lands, balance ecological and commercial interests, and provide outreach on natural resources to rural residents. The scripts are connected by two constant themes—conservation and cooperation—as well as by the evident camaraderie among the OSC Forestry students of this era, their pride in their chosen profession, and their optimism about the future. This collection of radio scripts for Foresters in Action offers an educational, colorful, engaging, and still entertaining glimpse of college humor and Oregon culture 75 years ago.Keywords: Forest Service, KOAC, CCC, fire lookouts, Foresters, Oregon State College, conservation, Radio transcript

A Beast with Two Backs....is back!

A research and public engagement event, recording community memories of the production, filming, and original broadcast of Dennis Potter’s Wednesday Play A Beast With Two Backs (1968) in Lydbrook where much of it was filmed using local extras. Providing the community focus and catalyst for the research was a screening of the play, and exhibition. This event runs in parallel with the British Film Institute own London Southbank two-summer season Messages for Posterity: The Complete Dennis Potter culminating in June-July 2015. The accompanying Lydbrook (Gloucestershire) exhibition also showcased to the Forest of Dean community the Potter research work to date of Jason Griffiths and Hannah Grist of the University of Gloucestershire, and Jo Garde-Hansen (now at University of Warwick including the HLF-supported Dennis Potter Archive Project, and the University of Gloucestershire funded Potter Matters website. The event also saw the launch of Remembering Dennis Potter Through Fans, Extras and Archives (2014) written by University of Gloucestershire research student Hannah Grist, and Dr Joanne Garde-Hansen associate professor in Culture, Media and Communications at the University of Warwick, both being members (internal and external respectively) of the Research Centre for Media, Memory and Community

Conserving energy by safe and environmentally acceptable practices in maintaining and procuring transmission poles for long service ; June 1982

ABSTRACT Improved Fumigants Chioropicrin, Vorlex and Vapam continue to control internal decay of pressure-treated Douglas-fir poles 12 years after application. Fungitoxic quantities of chloropicrin are present in the wood as high as 2.4 m (8 feet) above the groundline. Solid methylisothiocyanate (MIT), which goes directly to a vapor, is somewhat more effective in controlling decay than is Vorlex MIT is the active ingredient of Vorlex. Gelatin capsules containing chioropicrin or MIT offer new opportunities for improved fumigation of poles. MIT is readily released in moist wood, but chioropicrin capsules require wetting after they have been placed in the wood or they must be mechanically ruptured for maximum effectiveness. Although chioropicrin and MIT are adsorbed by wood after adequate aeration, the fumigant-treated wood may be attacked by decay fungi. Encapsulated MIT, is being compared to Vapam in pressure-treated Douglasfir transmission poles near Buffalo, NY. Controlling decay of cedar sapwood Six decay fungi have been identif led from sapwood and three from heartwood, of decay in cedar poles. Five waterborne chemicals have been selected as potential substitutes for the 10% pentachlorophenol-diesel oil solution currently used to spray cedar sapwood. Of these, 3-iodo-2-propynyl-butylcarbamate equalled or exceeded the pentachlorophenol solution in effectiveness at depths to 15 mm in the endgrain of weathered blocks. i ii Seven chemicals judged to be the most promising were applied to cedar poles at the Northwest Forest Genetics Center last fall. Other promising chemicals detected by a bioassay will be applied to poles this summer. Bolt-hole protection Twenty-eight Douglas-fir poles 18 feet long were Boulton dried in a pentachlorophenol-heavy petroleum solution, drilled with 8 alternating 3/4-inch and 1-inch diameter holes in a spiral pattern and installed at the Northwest Forest Genetics Center. Dry or liquid waterborne chemicals with low mammalian toxicity or a 10% pentachlorophenol solution were applied in the holes before the bolts were inserted. Patox washers between the pole and crossarm attachment also are being tested. Cores will be removed below unprotected bolt holes in control poles and cultured for decay fungi as a guide for removal of cores below protected bolt holes. Detecting decay and estimating residual strength. Testing plugs from Douglas-fir poles for radial compression strength (RCS) was more promising than chemical tests that coloreçl the wood or a needle-scratch test for detecting early decay. RCS, which measures the strength of the weakest springwood layer was highly correlated with weight loss caused by Poria placenta, an important brown-rotter of Douglas-fir poles. RCS losses were detected before weight losses could be measured. Sapwood was lower in RCS than heartwood, probably because of differences in extractive content of cell walls. Infrared spectographic analysis of dried warm water extracts from wood beams decayed to low weight losses and tested in bending is being evaluated as a means of detecting early stages of decay that might cause significant strength losses. iii As a means of estimating residual strength of poles, RCS values, bending strength properties, toughness and sonic properties of small beams cut from pole sections exposed at the four Northwest air-seasoning sites are being evaluated. Decay of Douglas-fir poles prior to pressure treatment Fourteen cores were removed from 229 unpeeled poles and 752 peeled poles stored in seasoning yards from 0 to over 24 months and cultured for fungi. About 50% of the probable decay fungi isolated from the cores have been identified. Atleast 30 of the unpeeled poles (13%) contained decay fungi. The incidence of decay fungi, especially Poria carbonica, increases significantly as the air seasoning time is prolonged. This summer cores will be removed from freshly cut poles in the forest and from additional poles during air seasoning, especially those seasoned for over 1 year. Laboratory studies indicate that spores and fungal fragments, alone or attached to soil particles and air borne, play an important role in the infection of poles. Exposure of sterilized pole sections at the four Northwest air seasoning sites for successive 3-month periods indicates that infection increases dramatically during the November-January period at three sites. borne spores appear to play an important role in the infectio

Protecting green lumber from decay during shipment

A major objection to lumber shipped green is that it may be damaged by wood-attacking fungi, either in transit or soon after it is put into use. The chance for such damage can be greatly decreased by dipping the lumber in a toxic solution at the sawmill. Blue stain and mold fungi make wood unsightly and also can cause trouble by increasing the water absorptiveness of the wood; however, they rarely cause any serious loss of strength. The most serious type of fungus deterioration is decay. It is due to a very different type of fungus growth that can materially weaken wood before the infection is easily recognized. Bending strength and toughness or shock resistance may be reduced before there is any conspicuous effect on the appearance of the wood or any easily recognized softening. The effect of fungi on mechanical properties of wood is described in available publication