THE EFFECT OF TITLE I OF THE 1949 FEDERAL HOUSING ACT ON NEW YORK CITY COOPERATIVE AND CONDOMINIUM CONVERSION PLANS

In 1985, three Manhattan housing projects were in litigation to convert the units from rental to condominiums or cooperative ownership. However, each project\u27s redevelopment agreement, consistent with Title I of the 1949 Federal Housing Act, required that no change be made without consent of the City Planning Commission and the Board of Estimates of the City. This Note analyzes whether the conversion of rental units built under Title I to ownership units constitutes a change as interpreted by the New York courts. The interpretation of the term change under the Title I redevelopment agreements will be analyzed from both the City of New York\u27s and the private developer\u27s views. In addition, the legislative purposes behind Title I\u27s enactment will be examined from the perspectives of both the City of New York and the private developer. Finally, the current status of Title I will be discussed. This Note concludes that a change, for purposes of New York City redevelopment agreements drafted pursuant to Title I, refers only to land use and density and does not relate to the form of ownership. Therefore, city approval should not be required for a Title I building to convert to condominium or cooperative status

A Spherical Plasma Dynamo Experiment

We propose a plasma experiment to be used to investigate fundamental properties of astrophysical dynamos. The highly conducting, fast-flowing plasma will allow experimenters to explore systems with magnetic Reynolds numbers an order of magnitude larger than those accessible with liquid-metal experiments. The plasma is confined using a ring-cusp strategy and subject to a toroidal differentially rotating outer boundary condition. As proof of principle, we present magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the proposed experiment. When a von K\'arm\'an-type boundary condition is specified, and the magnetic Reynolds number is large enough, dynamo action is observed. At different values of the magnetic Prandtl and Reynolds numbers the simulations demonstrate either laminar or turbulent dynamo action

Renouncing Chance: A Comprehensive Analysis of Brian Friel’s Faith Healer

Faith Healer by Brian Friel is a play about trauma, addiction, co-dependency, and the inconsistencies of multiples perspectives upon the same narrative. This in-depth academic analysis attempts to examine the themes at play, as well as break-down the script and the characters who are a part of it

Transitions to Nematic states in homogeneous suspensions of high aspect ratio magnetic rods

Isotropic-Nematic and Nematic-Nematic transitions from a homogeneous base state of a suspension of high aspect ratio, rod-like magnetic particles are studied for both Maier-Saupe and the Onsager excluded volume potentials. A combination of classical linear stability and asymptotic analyses provides insight into possible nematic states emanating from both the isotropic and nematic non-polarized equilibrium states. Local analytical results close to critical points in conjunction with global numerical results (Bhandar, 2002) yields a unified picture of the bifurcation diagram and provides a convenient base state to study effects of external orienting fields.Comment: 3 Figure

Plasma clouds in the magnetosphere

Injection of hot plasma clouds into magnetosphere during magnetospheric substorm

Measurements of the magnetic field induced by a turbulent flow of liquid metal

Initial results from the Madison Dynamo Experiment provide details of the inductive response of a turbulent flow of liquid sodium to an applied magnetic field. The magnetic field structure is reconstructed from both internal and external measurements. A mean toroidal magnetic field is induced by the flow when an axial field is applied, thereby demonstrating the omega effect. Poloidal magnetic flux is expelled from the fluid by the poloidal flow. Small-scale magnetic field structures are generated by turbulence in the flow. The resulting magnetic power spectrum exhibits a power-law scaling consistent with the equipartition of the magnetic field with a turbulent velocity field. The magnetic power spectrum has an apparent knee at the resistive dissipation scale. Large-scale eddies in the flow cause significant changes to the instantaneous flow profile resulting in intermittent bursts of non-axisymmetric magnetic fields, demonstrating that the transition to a dynamo is not smooth for a turbulent flow.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures, invited talk by C. B. Forest at 2005 APS DPP meeting, resubmitted to Physics of Plasma