2,564 research outputs found
Molding procedure for casting a variety of alloys
General procedure and molding sand composition for preparing molds usable for casting variety of alloys are developed. Molds are prepared from mixture of sand, sodium silicate binder, and organic liquid ester. Castings of radiographic quality are produced from various alloys
Non-Equilibrium Modeling of the Fe XVII 3C/3D ratio for an Intense X-ray Free Electron Laser
We present a review of two methods used to model recent LCLS experimental
results for the 3C/3D line intensity ratio of Fe XVII (Bernitt et al. 2012),
the time-dependent collisional-radiative method and the density-matrix
approach. These are described and applied to a two-level atomic system excited
by an X-ray free electron laser. A range of pulse parameters is explored and
the effects on the predicted Fe XVII 3C and 3D line intensity ratio are
calculated. In order to investigate the behavior of the predicted line
intensity ratio, a particular pair of A-values for the 3C and 3D transitions
was chosen (2.22 10 s and 6.02 10
s for the 3C and 3D, respectively), but our conclusions are independent
of the precise values. We also reaffirm the conclusions from Oreshkina et
al.(2014, 2015): the non-linear effects in the density matrix are important and
the reduction in the Fe XVII 3C/3D line intensity ratio is sensitive to the
laser pulse parameters, namely pulse duration, pulse intensity, and laser
bandwidth. It is also shown that for both models the lowering of the 3C/3D line
intensity ratio below the expected time-independent oscillator strength ratio
has a significant contribution due to the emission from the plasma after the
laser pulse has left the plasma volume. Laser intensities above W/cm are required for a reduction in the 3C/3D line intensity
ratio below the expected time independent oscillator strength ratio
Perfil socioeconomico dos produtores familiares de laranja de Umbauba, Sergipe.
bitstream/item/87918/1/CPATC-PESQ.-AND.-18-97.pd
Scaling Limit and Critical Exponents for Two-Dimensional Bootstrap Percolation
Consider a cellular automaton with state space
where the initial configuration is chosen according to a Bernoulli
product measure, 1's are stable, and 0's become 1's if they are surrounded by
at least three neighboring 1's. In this paper we show that the configuration
at time n converges exponentially fast to a final configuration
, and that the limiting measure corresponding to is in
the universality class of Bernoulli (independent) percolation.
More precisely, assuming the existence of the critical exponents ,
, and , and of the continuum scaling limit of crossing
probabilities for independent site percolation on the close-packed version of
(i.e., for independent -percolation on ), we
prove that the bootstrapped percolation model has the same scaling limit and
critical exponents.
This type of bootstrap percolation can be seen as a paradigm for a class of
cellular automata whose evolution is given, at each time step, by a monotonic
and nonessential enhancement.Comment: 15 page
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