IVM & ICSI weight, height and cranial circumference according to sex.

<p>*Comparison between IVM and ICSI. Kruskal Wallis test.</p

Characteristics of Mothers and Pregnancies N = 68.

<p>Control : ICSI without IVM.</p

IVM & ICSI Outcomes at 1 year and two years.

<p>IVM & ICSI Outcomes at 1 year and two years.</p

Characteristics of Infants at birth.

<p>Characteristics of Infants at birth.</p

Cause of preterm birth and late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants: the EPIPAGE-2 cohort study

International audienceBackground: The pathogenesis of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm infants is poorly understood and knowledge about risk factors, especially prenatal risk factors, is limited. This study aimed to assess the association between the cause of preterm birth and LOS in very preterm infants.Methods: 2052 very preterm singletons from a national population-based cohort study alive at 72 h of life were included. Survival without LOS was compared by cause of preterm birth using survival analysis and Cox regression models.Results: 437 (20.1%) had at least one episode of LOS. The frequency of LOS varied by cause of preterm birth: 17.1% for infants born after preterm labor, 17.9% after preterm premature rupture of membranes, 20.3% after a placental abruption, 20.3% after isolated hypertensive disorders, 27.5% after hypertensive disorders with fetal growth restriction (FGR), and 29.4% after isolated FGR. In multivariate analysis, when compared to infants born after preterm labor, the risk remained higher for infants born after hypertensive disorders (hazard ratio HR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2-2.5), hypertensive disorders with FGR (HR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.9-3.6) and isolated FGR (HR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.9-4.4).Conclusion: Very preterm infants born after hypertensive disorders or born after FGR had an increased risk of LOS compared to those born after preterm labor.Impact: Late-onset sepsis risk differs according to the cause of preterm birth. Compared with those born after preterm labor, infants born very preterm because of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and/or fetal growth restriction display an increased risk for late-onset sepsis. Antenatal factors, in particular the full spectrum of causes leading to preterm birth, should be taken into consideration to better prevent and manage neonatal infectious morbidity and inform the parents

Early skin-to-skin contact and risk of late-onset-sepsis in very and extremely preterm infants

International audienceBackgroundTo evaluate the association between exposure to early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and incidence of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in extremely and very preterm infants.MethodsObservational study using the national population-based EPIPAGE-2 cohort in 2011. A propensity score for SSC exposure was used to match infants with and without exposure to SSC before day 4 of life and binomial log regression used to estimate risk ratios and CIs in the matched cohort. The primary outcome was at least one episode of LOS during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes were the occurrence of any late-onset neonatal infection (LONI), LOS with Staphylococcus or Staphylococcus aureus, incidence of LOS and LONI per 1000 central venous catheter days.ResultsAmong the 3422 included infants, 919 were exposed to early SSC. The risk ratio (RR) for LOS was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.67–1.10), for LONI was 1.00 (95% CI, 0.83–1.21), and for LOS with Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus or Staphylococcus aureus infection was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.68–1.21) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.31–1.87). The incidence RR for LOS per-catheter day was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.64–1.18).ConclusionEarly SSC exposure was not associated with LOS or LONI risk. Thus, their prevention should not be a barrier to a wider use of SSC

Adjusted neonatal cord leptin concentration according to maternal BMI and according to the sex of the neonate.

<p>Data are mean with 95% confidence limits.</p

Flow chart of the study.

<p>Fetal losses in the group of women of normal weight were due to one termination of pregnancy for growth restriction and two fetal deaths; fetal losses in the group of women with obesity were due to one miscarriage, two terminations of pregnancy for neural tube defect and corpus callosum agenesis and one fetal death.</p

Multivariate analysis on skinfolds including HOMA-IR performed at 37 weeks in the model.

<p>The analysis was performed on data from 136 N and 124 Ob women. Data are presented with adjusted mean [standard error] for categorical variables or regression coefficient [standard error] for continuous variables. Only significant data are presented.</p

Factors associated with neonatal weight Z-score, sum of skinfolds, leptin and placenta weight in multivariate analysis.

<p>Data are presented with adjusted mean [standard error] for categorical variables or regression coefficient [standard error] for continuous variables.</p