Wind Tunnel Testing of Passive High-Lift Systems

This paper presents experimental results obtained with passive high lift systems using a combination of smart flap kinematics and vortex generators. A mid-scale 2.5D wind tunnel model based on DLR-F15 is tested in INCAS Subsonic Wind Tunnel, swept at 30 deg, incorporating the slat, 54 flap/VG/chord extension configurations and test matrix, developed by Dassault-Aviation. INCAS designed, manufactured and instrumented components to be added to the existing INCAS-F15 2D wind tunnel model. The test campaign was completed and results are presented

A Comparative Approach of Degradative Potential of Two Different Nanophotocatalysts onto a Model Textile Dye

Motivations and objectives. It is quite a difficult issue to treat, decolorize and mineralize textile dye waste containing dyes by conventional chemical methods (primary: adsorption, flocculation and secondary: chlorination, ozonization. It has been demonstrated that semiconductor photocatalytic oxidation of organic substances can be an alternative to conventional methods of removal of organic pollutants from water [1]. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) employing heterogeneous catalysis have emerged as a potentially destructive technology leading to the total mineralization of most of organic pollutants. An additional advantage of the photocatalytic process is its mild operating conditions and the fact the semiconductor can be activated by sunlight (near UV), thus reducing significantly the electric power requirement and hence the operating cost [2]. The main result and characterizing aspect of the research consist of the effectiveness of a semiconductor photocatalytic treatment of synthetic wastewater. Nanophotocatalysts ZnO have been successfully grown by hydrothermal method, onto some fibrous supports previously functionalized (grafted with MCT (monochlorotriazinyl-β-cyclodextrin, MCT-β-CD). The synthesis is reported elsewhere. The hydrothermal synthesis was performed using two types of surfactants widely used in nanoparticles preparation: Pluronic P123(triblock copolymer) and CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide). The novelty of the study consists in using these two different surfactants in growning of ZnO onto the fibrous supports. For degradation of Erionyl Roth dye, batch experiments were performed by irradiating the aqueous solution of model textile dye, containing ZnO nanocoated fibrous supports as semiconductor, in the presence of UV light. The photocatalytic process occurs under the illumination of an UV lamp, emitting light at wavelength 365 nm. The rate of decolorization was estimated spectrophotometrically from residual concentrations. Results and discussion. The enhancement of the photocatalytic activity is attributed to the CTAB. The performance of the photocatalytic system indicated that the photodegradation of the Erionyl Roth, in the presence of CTAB, occured with a 20 % reduction of time, compared to P123.The study has demonstrated that using the semiconductor performed by CTAB on the ZnO nano-oxides synthesized onto previously MCT grafted fibrous supports is effective in degradation of dyes as well as in the treatment of textile dye waste

Experimental analysis and mathematical prediction of Cd(II) removal by biosorption using support vector machines and genetic algorithms

We investigated the bioremoval of Cd(II) in batch mode, using dead and living biomass of Trichoderma viride. Kinetic studies revealed three distinct stages of the biosorption process. The pseudo-second order model and the Langmuir model described well the kinetics and equilibrium of the biosorption process, with a determination coefficient, R2 > 0.99. The value of the mean free energy of adsorption, E, is less than 16 kJ/mol at 25°C, suggesting that, at low temperature, the dominant process involved in Cd(II) biosorption by dead T. viride is the chemical ion-exchange. With the temperature increasing to 4050°C, E values are above 16 kJ/mol, showing that the particle diffusion mechanism could play an important role in Cd(II) biosorption. The studies on T. viride growth in Cd(II) solutions and its bioaccumulation performance showed that the living biomass was able to bioaccumulate 100% Cd(II) from a 50 mg/L solution at pH 6.0. The influence of pH, biomass dosage, metal concentration, contact time and temperature on the bioremoval efficiency was evaluated to further assess the biosorption capability of the dead biosorbent. These complex influences were correlated by means of a modeling procedure consisting in data driven approach in which the principles of artificial intelligence were applied with the help of support vector machines (SVM), combined with genetic algorithms (GA). According to our data, the optimal working conditions for the removal of 98.91% Cd(II) by T. viride were found for an aqueous solution containing 26.11 mg/L Cd(II) as follows: pH 6.0, contact time of 3833 min, 8 g/L biosorbent, temperature 46.5°C. The complete characterization of bioremoval parameters indicates that T. viride is an excellent material to treat wastewater containing low concentrations of metal

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