4 research outputs found

    Effect of acute aerobic endurance exercise on hemodynamic parameters at rest and during cold pressor stress testing

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    Hintergrund: Ein akut oder regelmäßig durchgeführtes Ausdauertraining besitzt bekanntermaßen günstige Effekte auf den unter Ruhebedingungen gemessenen peripheren Blutdruck (BD). Studienergebnisse betonen jedoch zunehmend die Wertigkeit zentral-aortaler Gefäßparameter während Stress, deren Reaktivität mit einem erhöhten kardiovaskulären Risiko assoziiert ist und zudem zusätzliche prognostische Informationen liefert. Wesentliche Fragestellungen der drei vorliegenden Arbeiten waren daher, welchen Einfluss eine akute Ausdauerbelastung insbesondere auf die Reaktion des zentralen BD sowie der aortalen Pulswellengeschwindigkeit (aPWV) während eines standardisierten Stresstests besitzt. Ferner sollte untersucht werden, ob für die aPWV sowie für den Augmentationsindex (Alx), als wesentliche Marker der arteriellen Gefäßsteifigkeit (AS), insbesondere unter stresstestbezogenen Bedingungen ein direkter Zusammenhang zur maximalen Sauerstoffaufnahme (VO2max) besteht. Methodik: 35 gesunde Freizeitsportler absolvierten eine 60-minütige Ausdauerbelastung auf einem Fahrradergometer mit 45% der zuvor bei einer Spiroergometrie ermittelten VO2max. Sowohl vor als auch bis zu 60 Minuten nach der Belastung wurden peripherer und zentraler BD sowie aPWV und Alx nichtinvasiv mittels Mobil-O-Graph® (24h PWA Monitor, IEM) registriert. Dies erfolgte jeweils in Ruhe vor sowie während eines 2-minütigen Cold Pressor Tests (CPT), bei dem die Probanden aufgefordert wurden, die Hand des manschettenfreien Arms in 6 °C kaltes Wasser zu tauchen. Ergebnisse: In der Erholungsphase fand sich noch 60 Minuten nach Belastungsende eine im Vergleich zur Ruhemessung vor der Belastung signifikante BD- und aPWV-Senkung. Für die stresstestbezogenen Parameter wurden ebenfalls signifikante Senkungen registriert, die zugunsten des nach der Ausdauerbelastung durchgeführten CPT ausfielen. Für das Gesamtkollektiv zeigte sich nach Adjustierung hinsichtlich bekannter Einflussgrößen unter Ruhebedingungen eine negative Korrelation zwischen VO2max und Alx, nicht jedoch zwischen VO2max und aPWV. Stresstestbezogen zeigten sowohl Alx als auch aPWV eine inverse Assoziation zur VO2max. Beim Gruppenvergleich ließen sich für Probanden des oberen VO2max- Terzils unter Ruhebedingungen für Alx sowie stresstestbezogen für Alx und aPWV signifikant niedrigere Gefäßparameter registrieren als für Probanden des unteren VO2max-Terzils. Schlussfolgerung: Die präsentierten Untersuchungsergebnisse liefern Hinweise dafür, dass ein akutes Ausdauertraining nicht nur den peripheren BD, sondern überdies den zentralen BD sowie die aPWV, als direkten Marker der AS, in der nachfolgenden Ruhephase senkt. Zudem besitzt die Ausdauerbelastung einen günstigen Einfluss auf die Gefäßreaktion während eines nachfolgenden Stresstests. Ferner steht insbesondere die stresstestbezogene AS in inverser Beziehung zur VO2max. Eine höhere VO2max ist auch unabhängig von bekannten Einflussfaktoren (Alter, BMI, Körpergröße) mit einer günstigeren Gefäßreaktion während eines standardisierten Stresstests assoziiert. Ausdauerinterventionen gewinnen demnach nochmals an Bedeutung und könnten nicht nur dazu beitragen die altersbedingte zunehmende Versteifung des arteriellen Systems zu verzögern, sondern womöglich auch das stressassoziierte Risiko kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse zu reduzieren.Background: The favorable influence of acute as well as regular exercise on resting peripheral arterial compliance is widely known. However, previous investigations underline the importance of aortic vascular function during stress, which also may predict future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the present work investigated the influence of acute endurance exercise on central blood pressure (BP) and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) during recovery, but in particular during cold pressor stress testing (CPT). Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the relationship between maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and stress test-related arterial stiffness (AS), quantified by aPWV and augmentation index (Alx). Methods: 35 recreationally active men performed a 60 minute endurance exercise on a bicycle ergometer with 45% of the previously during cardiopulmonary exercise testing determined VO2max. Before and even 60 minutes after exercise peripheral and central BP as well as aPWV and Alx were measured non-invasively at rest and during a 2 minute CPT using Mobil-O-Graph® (24h PWA Monitor, IEM). Stress testing was performed by immersing the cuffless arm up to the wrist in ice-cold water at 6°C. Results: Even after 60 minutes of recovery peripheral and central BP as well as aPWV were significantly reduced. In comparison to measurements during CPT pre-exercise, there was a significant reduction in aPWV, peripheral and central BP during CPT after exercise. In the total cohort VO2max showed negative correlations with Alx at rest and with Alx as well as aPWV stress test-related. Subjects in the highest tertile of VO2max showed significantly lower stiffness parameters than subjects in the lowest tertile. This was true for Alx at rest and for Alx as well as aPWV during CPT, respectively. Conclusion: The present results provide evidence that moderate acute endurance exercise leads not only to decreased peripheral BP but even more reduces central BP regulation and aPWV as a measure of AS even after 60 minutes of recovery. In particular, the BP as well as aPWV response during a subsequent stress test was attenuated due to the previous exercise bout when compared with pre-exercise. In addition, there is an inverse relationship between VO2max and stress test-related AS. Furthermore, higher VO2max values seem to be associated with more favorable effects on arterial compliance during stress testing irrespective of known factors influencing AS. Thus, aerobic intervention programs may could help to reduce vascular stiffening due to aging, but moreover, to potentially reduce the stress-associated risk of cardiovascular events

    Participation in school sports among children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in the German National Paediatric Rheumatologic Database, 2000–2015: results from a prospective observational cohort study

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    Abstract Background Regular school sports can help adolescents achieve the recommended amount of daily physical activity and provide knowledge, attitudes and behavioral skills that are needed in order to adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle. Furthermore, it reaches all children including those that are at risk for engaging in more sedentary types of behavior. Since adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are less involved in physical and social activities than their healthy peers, the objectives were to (1) estimate the prevalence of participation in school sports among patients with JIA; (2) determine the correlates associated with school sports absenteeism; and (3) investigate whether attendance in school sports has changed in the era of biologics. Methods Data from schoolchildren with JIA recorded in the German National Paediatric Rheumatologic Database (NPRD) in the years 2000 to 2015 were considered for the analyses. Data from the year 2015 were inspected to analyze correlates of school sports absenteeism. Whether school sports participation had changed between 2000 and 2015 was determined using linear mixed models. Results During the 15-year period, the participation rates in school sports were determined in 23,016 patients. The proportion of patients who participated in school sports almost always steadily increased from 31% in 2000 to 64% in 2015 (β = 0.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.015, 0.020), whereas the exemption rate simultaneously decreased from 44% in 2000 to 16% in 2015 [β = − 0.009, 95% CI -0.011, − 0.007]. In 2015, the data from 5879 patients (mean age 13.1 ± 3.3 years, female 65%, disease duration 5.9 ± 4.0 years, persistent oligoarthritis 37%) were available for evaluation. Full exemption from school sports (in 16.1% of cases) was associated with functional limitations, disease activity and any use of DMARDs, intra-articular glucocorticoid injections or physiotherapy. Conclusions School sports attendance among children and adolescents with JIA has increased significantly over the past 15 years. Possible explanations include improved functional ability probably due to better treatment options. The integration of patients with child acceptable symptom states who have previously been fully exempted from school sports needs to be addressed in the future
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