4 research outputs found
Effect of acute aerobic endurance exercise on hemodynamic parameters at rest and during cold pressor stress testing
Hintergrund: Ein akut oder regelmäßig durchgeführtes Ausdauertraining besitzt
bekanntermaßen günstige Effekte auf den unter Ruhebedingungen gemessenen
peripheren Blutdruck (BD). Studienergebnisse betonen jedoch zunehmend die
Wertigkeit zentral-aortaler Gefäßparameter während Stress, deren Reaktivität
mit einem erhöhten kardiovaskulären Risiko assoziiert ist und zudem
zusätzliche prognostische Informationen liefert. Wesentliche Fragestellungen
der drei vorliegenden Arbeiten waren daher, welchen Einfluss eine akute
Ausdauerbelastung insbesondere auf die Reaktion des zentralen BD sowie der
aortalen Pulswellengeschwindigkeit (aPWV) während eines standardisierten
Stresstests besitzt. Ferner sollte untersucht werden, ob für die aPWV sowie
für den Augmentationsindex (Alx), als wesentliche Marker der arteriellen
Gefäßsteifigkeit (AS), insbesondere unter stresstestbezogenen Bedingungen ein
direkter Zusammenhang zur maximalen Sauerstoffaufnahme (VO2max) besteht.
Methodik: 35 gesunde Freizeitsportler absolvierten eine 60-minütige
Ausdauerbelastung auf einem Fahrradergometer mit 45% der zuvor bei einer
Spiroergometrie ermittelten VO2max. Sowohl vor als auch bis zu 60 Minuten nach
der Belastung wurden peripherer und zentraler BD sowie aPWV und Alx
nichtinvasiv mittels Mobil-O-Graph® (24h PWA Monitor, IEM) registriert. Dies
erfolgte jeweils in Ruhe vor sowie während eines 2-minütigen Cold Pressor
Tests (CPT), bei dem die Probanden aufgefordert wurden, die Hand des
manschettenfreien Arms in 6 °C kaltes Wasser zu tauchen. Ergebnisse: In der
Erholungsphase fand sich noch 60 Minuten nach Belastungsende eine im Vergleich
zur Ruhemessung vor der Belastung signifikante BD- und aPWV-Senkung. Für die
stresstestbezogenen Parameter wurden ebenfalls signifikante Senkungen
registriert, die zugunsten des nach der Ausdauerbelastung durchgeführten CPT
ausfielen. Für das Gesamtkollektiv zeigte sich nach Adjustierung hinsichtlich
bekannter Einflussgrößen unter Ruhebedingungen eine negative Korrelation
zwischen VO2max und Alx, nicht jedoch zwischen VO2max und aPWV.
Stresstestbezogen zeigten sowohl Alx als auch aPWV eine inverse Assoziation
zur VO2max. Beim Gruppenvergleich ließen sich für Probanden des oberen VO2max-
Terzils unter Ruhebedingungen für Alx sowie stresstestbezogen für Alx und aPWV
signifikant niedrigere Gefäßparameter registrieren als für Probanden des
unteren VO2max-Terzils. Schlussfolgerung: Die präsentierten
Untersuchungsergebnisse liefern Hinweise dafür, dass ein akutes
Ausdauertraining nicht nur den peripheren BD, sondern überdies den zentralen
BD sowie die aPWV, als direkten Marker der AS, in der nachfolgenden Ruhephase
senkt. Zudem besitzt die Ausdauerbelastung einen günstigen Einfluss auf die
Gefäßreaktion während eines nachfolgenden Stresstests. Ferner steht
insbesondere die stresstestbezogene AS in inverser Beziehung zur VO2max. Eine
höhere VO2max ist auch unabhängig von bekannten Einflussfaktoren (Alter, BMI,
Körpergröße) mit einer günstigeren Gefäßreaktion während eines
standardisierten Stresstests assoziiert. Ausdauerinterventionen gewinnen
demnach nochmals an Bedeutung und könnten nicht nur dazu beitragen die
altersbedingte zunehmende Versteifung des arteriellen Systems zu verzögern,
sondern womöglich auch das stressassoziierte Risiko kardiovaskulärer
Ereignisse zu reduzieren.Background: The favorable influence of acute as well as regular exercise on
resting peripheral arterial compliance is widely known. However, previous
investigations underline the importance of aortic vascular function during
stress, which also may predict future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Therefore, the present work investigated the influence of acute endurance
exercise on central blood pressure (BP) and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV)
during recovery, but in particular during cold pressor stress testing (CPT).
Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the relationship between maximal
oxygen consumption (VO2max) and stress test-related arterial stiffness (AS),
quantified by aPWV and augmentation index (Alx). Methods: 35 recreationally
active men performed a 60 minute endurance exercise on a bicycle ergometer
with 45% of the previously during cardiopulmonary exercise testing determined
VO2max. Before and even 60 minutes after exercise peripheral and central BP as
well as aPWV and Alx were measured non-invasively at rest and during a 2
minute CPT using Mobil-O-Graph® (24h PWA Monitor, IEM). Stress testing was
performed by immersing the cuffless arm up to the wrist in ice-cold water at
6°C. Results: Even after 60 minutes of recovery peripheral and central BP as
well as aPWV were significantly reduced. In comparison to measurements during
CPT pre-exercise, there was a significant reduction in aPWV, peripheral and
central BP during CPT after exercise. In the total cohort VO2max showed
negative correlations with Alx at rest and with Alx as well as aPWV stress
test-related. Subjects in the highest tertile of VO2max showed significantly
lower stiffness parameters than subjects in the lowest tertile. This was true
for Alx at rest and for Alx as well as aPWV during CPT, respectively.
Conclusion: The present results provide evidence that moderate acute endurance
exercise leads not only to decreased peripheral BP but even more reduces
central BP regulation and aPWV as a measure of AS even after 60 minutes of
recovery. In particular, the BP as well as aPWV response during a subsequent
stress test was attenuated due to the previous exercise bout when compared
with pre-exercise. In addition, there is an inverse relationship between
VO2max and stress test-related AS. Furthermore, higher VO2max values seem to
be associated with more favorable effects on arterial compliance during stress
testing irrespective of known factors influencing AS. Thus, aerobic
intervention programs may could help to reduce vascular stiffening due to
aging, but moreover, to potentially reduce the stress-associated risk of
cardiovascular events
Participation in school sports among children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in the German National Paediatric Rheumatologic Database, 2000–2015: results from a prospective observational cohort study
Abstract Background Regular school sports can help adolescents achieve the recommended amount of daily physical activity and provide knowledge, attitudes and behavioral skills that are needed in order to adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle. Furthermore, it reaches all children including those that are at risk for engaging in more sedentary types of behavior. Since adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are less involved in physical and social activities than their healthy peers, the objectives were to (1) estimate the prevalence of participation in school sports among patients with JIA; (2) determine the correlates associated with school sports absenteeism; and (3) investigate whether attendance in school sports has changed in the era of biologics. Methods Data from schoolchildren with JIA recorded in the German National Paediatric Rheumatologic Database (NPRD) in the years 2000 to 2015 were considered for the analyses. Data from the year 2015 were inspected to analyze correlates of school sports absenteeism. Whether school sports participation had changed between 2000 and 2015 was determined using linear mixed models. Results During the 15-year period, the participation rates in school sports were determined in 23,016 patients. The proportion of patients who participated in school sports almost always steadily increased from 31% in 2000 to 64% in 2015 (β = 0.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.015, 0.020), whereas the exemption rate simultaneously decreased from 44% in 2000 to 16% in 2015 [β = − 0.009, 95% CI -0.011, − 0.007]. In 2015, the data from 5879 patients (mean age 13.1 ± 3.3 years, female 65%, disease duration 5.9 ± 4.0 years, persistent oligoarthritis 37%) were available for evaluation. Full exemption from school sports (in 16.1% of cases) was associated with functional limitations, disease activity and any use of DMARDs, intra-articular glucocorticoid injections or physiotherapy. Conclusions School sports attendance among children and adolescents with JIA has increased significantly over the past 15 years. Possible explanations include improved functional ability probably due to better treatment options. The integration of patients with child acceptable symptom states who have previously been fully exempted from school sports needs to be addressed in the future