Emotional State Recognition Performance Improvement on a Handwriting and Drawing Task

In this work we combine time, spectral and cepstral features of the signal captured in a tablet to characterize depression, anxiety, and stress emotional state recognition on the EMOTHAW database. EMOTHAW contains the emotional states of users represented by capturing signals from sensors on the tablet and pen when the user is performing 3 specific handwriting and 4 drawing tasks, which had been categorized into depressed, anxious, stressed, and typical, according to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Each user was characterized with six time-domain features, and the number of spectral-domain and cepstral-domain features for the horizontal and vertical displacement of the pen, the pressure on the paper, and the time spent on-air and off-air, depended on the configuration of the filterbank. As next step, we select the best features using the Fast Correlation-Based Filtering method. Since our dataset has 129 users, then as next step, we augmented the training data by randomly selecting a percentage of the training data and adding a small random Gaussian noise to the extracted features. We then train a radial basis SVM model using the Leave-One-Out (LOO) methodology. The experimental results show an average accuracy classification improvement ranging of 15%, and an accuracy classification improvement ranging from 4% to 34% compared with baseline (state of the art) for specific emotions such as depression, anxiety, stress, and typical emotional states

Evaluation of the microclimate in a traditional Colombian greenhouse used for cut flower production

This is the final version. Available from MDPI via the DOI in this record. Cut flower production in the Bogotá savanna is one of Colombia’s main export products. Flower production is mainly carried out in greenhouses, as this type of production system has substantial advantages over crops grown in open fields. Protected agriculture provides timely climate management that improves crop yields. The objective of this work was to build and validate a 3D CFD numerical model to understand the spatial distribution of temperatures because of the air flow dynamics inside a typical greenhouse in the Bogotá savanna. Root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were the statistical indicators used between experimental and simulated wind speed and temperature data. The simulations considered twelve evaluation scenarios that were established based on the climatic conditions characteristic of the study region. The results indicate that under regional conditions of temperature and wind for this type of passive greenhouse, there is a deficient ventilation rate. This rate does not exceed 35 exchanges h−1 compared to the recommended rates for crops, which is between 45 and 60 air exchanges h−1. This renewal rate contributes to the heterogeneity of the microclimatic dynamics of the greenhouse, presenting hot spots with temperature values above 32 °C in all examined scenarios. For the lower air speed scenarios (<1 ms−1), these areas of high temperature can reach up to 50% of the cultivated area. Therefore, it is suggested that future studies should seek technical solutions to optimize the microclimatic conditions of the greenhouse design used in the Colombian floriculture sector.Sistema General de Regalías and the Gobernacion de Cundinamarc

Microclimatic Evaluation of Five Types of Colombian Greenhouses Using Geostatistical Techniques

This is the final version. Available on open access from MDPI via the DOI in this recordn Colombia, the second-largest exporter of cut flowers worldwide and one of the South American countries with the largest area of crops under cover, passive or naturally ventilated greenhouses predominate. Locally, there are several types of greenhouses that differ in architecture, size, height, shape of roof and ventilation surfaces, of which many characteristics of the microclimate generated in their interior environment are unknown. This generates productive limitations that in some way may be limiting the yield, quality and health of the final products harvested; in addition, Colombian producers do not have the ability to monitor the microclimate of their farms, much less to correlate microclimate data with data on crop production and yield. Therefore, there is a need for the Colombian grower to know the most relevant microclimate characteristics generated in the main greenhouses used locally. The objective of this work was to carry out a microclimatic characterization of the five most used types of greenhouses in Colombia. The main results allowed determining that in these structures, there are conditions of high humidity and low vapor pressure for several hours of the day, which affects the physiological processes of growth and development of the plants. It was also identified that for each type of greenhouse, depending on the level of radiation, there is a significant microclimatic heterogeneity that may be the cause of the heterogeneity in plant growth, which is a common characteristic observed by the technical cultivation personnel. Therefore, it can be concluded that it is urgent to propose microclimatic optimization strategies to help ensure the sustainability of the most important production systems in the country.Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA)Asociación Colombiana de Exportadores de Flores (Asocolflores)Centro de Innovación de la Floricultura Colombiana (Ceniflores

Influence of the Height in a Colombian Multi-Tunnel Greenhouse on Natural Ventilation and Thermal Behavior: Modeling Approach

This is the final version. Available on open access from MDPI via the DOI in this recordfirst_pagesettings Open AccessArticle Influence of the Height in a Colombian Multi-Tunnel Greenhouse on Natural Ventilation and Thermal Behavior: Modeling Approach by Edwin Villagrán 1,Jorge Flores-Velazquez 2,*ORCID,Mohammad Akrami 3,*ORCID andCarlos Bojacá 1ORCID 1 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Bogotá 111321, Colombia 2 Coordination of Hydrosciences, Postgraduate Collage, Carr Mex Tex km 36.5, Montecillo Edo de Mexico 62550, Mexico 3 Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed. Academic Editors: Muhammad Sultan, Yuguang Zhou, Walter Den and Uzair Sajjad Sustainability 2021, 13(24), 13631; https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413631 Received: 25 October 2021 / Revised: 25 November 2021 / Accepted: 6 December 2021 / Published: 9 December 2021 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Agricultural Engineering Technologies and Applications) Download PDF Browse Figures Citation Export Abstract The dimensions of a passive greenhouse are one of the decisions made by producers or builders based on characteristics of the available land and the economic cost of building the structure per unit of covered area. In few cases, the design criteria are reviewed and the dimensions are established based on the type of crop and local climate conditions. One of the dimensions that is generally exposed to greater manipulation is the height above the gutter and the general height of the structure, since a greenhouse with a lower height has a lower economic cost. This has led some countries in the tropical region to build greenhouses that, due to their architectural characteristics, have inadequate microclimatic conditions for agricultural production. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect on air flows and thermal distribution generated by the increase of the height over gutter of a Colombian multi-tunnel greenhouse using a successfully two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The simulated numerical results showed that increasing the height of the greenhouse allows obtaining temperature reductions from 0.1 to 11.7 °C depending on the ventilation configuration used and the external wind speed. Likewise, it was identified that the combined side and roof ventilation configuration (RS) allows obtaining higher renovation indexes (RI) in values between 144 and 449% with respect to the side ventilation (S) and roof ventilation (R) configurations. Finally, the numerical results were successfully fitted within the surface regression models responses.Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA)Asociación Colombiana de Exportadores de Flores (Asocolflores)Centro de Innovación de la Floricultura Colombiana (Ceniflores

O pré-tratamento hidrotérmico no conceito das biorrefinarias

Hoje em dia os pré-tratamentos precisam ser robustos, para num mesmo processo, se produzirem compostos de alto valor acrescentado, como os xilooligossacarídeos (XOS) que podem ser aplicados na indústria alimentar, farmacêutica e energética, além de isto a produção de substratos para a conversão em biocombustíveis, como o bioetanol, e assim reduzir os altos custos das biorrefinerias de segunda geração. Além disso, é fundamental no desenvolvimento de reatores que ajudem a eficientar o processo de aquecimento em processos hidrotérmicos. Por tanto, o processo hidrotérmico reúne as características para ser aplicado ao conceito de biorrefinaria de segunda geração. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se o fundamento, e uma serie aplicações do pré-tratamento hidrotérmico realizados no nosso grupo de trabalho

Criticality in confined ionic fluids

A theory of a confined two dimensional electrolyte is presented. The positive and negative ions, interacting by a $1/r$ potential, are constrained to move on an interface separating two solvents with dielectric constants $\epsilon_1$ and $\epsilon_2$. It is shown that the Debye-H\"uckel type of theory predicts that the this 2d Coulomb fluid should undergo a phase separation into a coexisting liquid (high density) and gas (low density) phases. We argue, however, that the formation of polymer-like chains of alternating positive and negative ions can prevent this phase transition from taking place.Comment: RevTex, no figures, in press Phys. Rev.

Evidencia Empírica de la Minería de Procesos en la Implantación de CMMI-DEV

Resumen: La minería de procesos tiene como objetivo descubrir, monitorear y mejorar procesos a través del análisis de los diversos registros de eventos generados por los procesos de la organización. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la evidencia empírica de la inclusión estratégica de la disciplina de minería de procesos en proyectos de mejora de procesos de software implementados con CMMI. En el proceso de mapeo sistemático de la revisión de la literatura, se establecieron cuatro categorías para clasificar los hallazgos encontrados (Fundamentos teóricos, propuestas, herramientas y sistemas de información y algoritmos) para presentar los estudios que cumplen con el objetivo. Se concluye que la interdisciplinariedad de la minería de procesos con un modelo de referencia de procesos como CMMI-DEV apoya la implementación y evaluación de las áreas de procesos, al aplicar técnicas y algoritmos de minería de procesos que faciliten la exploración y explotación de los registros de eventos relacionados a la ejecución de las actividades almacenados en un repositorio. Palabras clave: Minería de Procesos, Mejora de Procesos de Software, Registro de Eventos