The Virginia Sickle Cell Anemia Awareness Program: Education, Screening, and Counseling

In 1968, a program of screening for sickle trait carriers was begun as part of the work of the Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, at the Medical College of Virginia. It was felt that sickle cell anemia was more of a public health problem than was generally recognized, and in addition to instituting screening and education programs, data were collected to document the relative neglect of the problem

The Design of Thin, Silica Sand-Asphalt, Wearing Surfaces for Highways and Bridges

This study was performed at the Highway Materials Research Laboratory in Lexington, Kentucky. In this study the various sands were combined with a sphalt cement of penetration 60 to 70 and tested by the Marshall method to determine the physical characteristics of the mixtures. Other variables investigated were the hardness of the asphalt cement and the amount of mineral filler. A coefficient of friction was determined, by means of a laboratory testing device, for each of the mixtures. Due to the promising results of the laboratory testing, and the successful re-surfacing of bridges with silica sand-asphalt mixtures in the New York area; the Research Division of the Kentucky Department of Highways, in June 1958, recommended silica sand-asphalt for the re-surfacing of Clark Memorial Bridge in Louisville. All laboratory testing of sands up to that time had been of crushed sandstones. The lack of sands tone in the Louisville area led to an investigation of the possibility of blending locally available bank and river sands. Various blends of the river and bank sand were tested, with and without mineral filler; and it was concluded that a satisfactory mixture could be manufactured using these sands

A Machine-Laid Surmountable Bituminous Concrete Median

On August 28, 1961, personnel of the Research Division were requested to observe a demonstration of a newly developed Etnyre Median Paver. The demonstration was given at the Lehman-Roberts Company plant in Lexington, and was arranged primarily for the benefit of the paving contractor working on Euclid Avenue in Lexington. The paving contract called for the construction of a surmountable bituminous concrete median which, to our understanding, is the first instance for construction of that type to be machine-laid. Some doubts arose during the demonstration as to the ability of the machine to hold alignment and to give adequate compaction. Following the demonstration, it seemed advisable to examine the finished median from the standpoint of density and stability. Representatives of the Division of Design, present at the demonstration, requested that the Research Division examine and evaluate a short trial-section of the median. The trial-section, approximately 25 ft. long, was laid that afternoon on the lot of the Thompson, King and Tate Ready-Mix Concrete Company in Lexington

Hot-Mix Coal-Tar Concrete Pavement and Multiple, Coal-Tar Seals on Shoulders

It is proposed to construct an experimental section of roadway, 6.6 miles in length, using coal-tar concrete for base and surface, and to use multiple, coal-tar seals (3 seals) with coverstone on the shoulders. A section of pavement, 5.1 miles in length, incorporating the same structural thicknesses and types of courses but containing normal asphaltic binders, to be constructed on the same route will be designated for comparison and control purposes. The use of the coal-tar will be in compliance with Section 201(e) of the Appalachian Regional Development Acts of 1965

Class I Bituminous Mixtures

The attached report reflects the degree of excellence sought in bituminous concrete pavements in Kentucky during the past several years. In the evolvement of the present state of the art, idealized concepts of mixture design have been dutifully tempered with practical considerations, experience factors, and performance features which may not be altogether apparent from this report alone. In substance, the study has been concerned with aggregate gradations, construction operations, and quality of the pavement surface. The achievement of gradation control in the dust of filler sizes has provided opportunities to further optimize mixture requirements. Permissive blending of sands has enabled the utilization of a broader array of materials. Surface appearance has improved; stability has been increased about four-fold; densities are higher; and enhanced durability already seems evident. From these standpoints, the objectives sought are now seemingly replete. Two factors remain sufficiently ominous and formidable to command further attention

Construction and Interim Performance Report of Experimental Salt (NaCl) Stabilization of Plant-Mixed, Dense Graded Aggregate

For some time the Department has been interested in building-up and retaining thicknesses of granular base course on rural roads through the use of various stabilizing additives and(or) the use of light asphalt seals or surfacings (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). These efforts more or less recognize that the stage construction concept is frustrated by weather and traffic erosion of unbound and exposed granular base material. Thus, the motive in experimenting with and in utilizing these treatments is to find economical and effective means by which a granular base can be built and retained until such time that a higher type bituminous surface can be constructed upon it