Monday Morning Plenary

State of the Biochar Industry: Thayer Tomlinson, IBI Communications Director http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSByIiudOZI This presentation will provide an overview of the current state of the biochar industry, including current International Biochar Initiative (IBI) programs and how IBI sees the growth of the biochar field internationally—touching on specific trends in commercialization, project implementation, research, educational facilities, regional groups, etc. The presentation will focus specifically on IBI’s recent industry and project tracking and outreach around the world to highlight where most of the current biochar companies are operating, their products, and other specifics as well as specifics on current operating biochar projects (run mainly by non-profits and academic institutions). Pyrolyzing Misconceptions: Converting BioMyths to Biochar Success: Gloria Flora, US Biochar Initiative Director http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrxr52hIZ7A As the biochar movement grows, so do its detractors. From well-known critics on the fringes to centrist government agency objectors, biochar advocates and entrepreneurs can get publically lampooned or quietly torpedoed as we try to bring biochar into the mainstream. A well-placed barb can bring down months of effort, which is especially challenging when competing for funding, investments and community support. This speech will objectively review the criticisms, examining the science (or lack thereof) behind them. The fears and belief systems of critics and what motivates their disapproval and attacks will be discussed. The talk will then turn to how to effectively ‘pyrolyze’ these misconceptions without killing the messenger but rather by sifting out the fears from realities. Weaknesses in the biochar industry, including our claims and science will also be examined. Scrutinizing the words and phrases that ignite and inflame both sides will help us to better understand how to avoid interaction pitfalls. In closing, we’ll take a close look at how we in the biochar community can improve our messaging, communications and techniques to dissolve the resistance, disbelief and misstatements about biochar – turning biomyths into valuable products and services! 19th Century Roots of Modern Biochar: Kelpie Wilson, Wilson Biochar Associates http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7PBUetUlR8 Biochar enthusiasts are familiar with the amazing Amazonians, who used biochar to create an agricultural civilization in an inhospitable rainforest environment. But by and large, we are not aware of the history of biochar use in Europe and America. It all began with Justus Liebig, the father of organic chemistry who wrote in 1841 that charcoal surpasses all other substances in the power which it possesses of condensing ammonia within its pores… it absorbs 90 times its volume of ammoniacal gas, which may be again separated by simply moistening it with water. This simple statement launched a wave of practical experimentation using charcoal in agriculture and for waste management that lasted for nearly a century. The evidence is found in hundreds of reports published in the 19th century in science and agriculture journals. Some of these early proponents of biochar developed visionary proposals for reforming agriculture and civilization. This presentation will tell the story of these early biochar enthusiasts

Ethics & Sustainability

Biochar and the Sustainability Imperative. Now marks a critical time: as biochar comes of age and markets begin to develop, this young industry is attracting naysayers, doubters and get-rich-quick-schemers. Ethical biochar production and use is of paramount importance as we continue to lay the groundwork for biochar as a model for carbon neutral/negative business, landscape restoration and truly green technology. Shortcuts, poor quality product and unsustainable use of biomass could bring biochar to its knees before it gains the traction necessary to fulfill its promises. This discussion will explore opportunities and pitfalls in feedstocks sustainability, production integrity and ethics in our information to consumers. John Bonitz of the Southern Alliance for Clean Energy will present the Southeast regional woody bioenergy inventory and industry assessment study which was first motivated by sustainability concerns and the question, Is woody biomass utilization in the Southeastern US proceeding too rapidly or too slowly? The study encompassed all woody biomass technologies including wood pellets, biomass electricity, combined heat and power (CHP), biomass heat, and cellulosic biofuels. Observations relevant to the biochar industry can be found in our forecast of likely and unlikely developments. Those projects which are succeeding in greater numbers are ones with exceptionally low capital costs or those with multiple revenue streams, such as combined heat and power (CHP). Karen Ribeiro will present Harvesting Hope & Sustaining Passion for your Business based on tools she has developed in her coaching practice, Inner Fortune, and her experiences starting three businesses and supporting the biochar movement. Basic premises offered include recognizing that we are all recyclers of ideas and inspirations, that launching a business is extremely challenging and that launching a biochar business adds another layer of challenge in establishing a frame of reference for stakeholders. Fortunately there are a number of proven disciplines that can sustain the energy, focus, commitment and passion for the work at hand and this presentation will delve deeply into a few of them

La Inasistencia a diligencias de las víctimas de agresiones en contra de las mujeres o integrantes del grupo familiar y su Incidencia en el archivamiento de investigación preliminar en la primera fiscalía provincial penal corporativa de la Provincia de San Román - Año 2021

Pongo en consideración de los miembros del jurado, este trabajo de investigación titulado “La Inasistencia a diligencias de las víctimas de agresiones en contra de las mujeres o integrantes del grupo familiar y su Incidencia en el archivamiento de investigación preliminar en la primera fiscalía provincial penal de San Román – Juliaca - año 2021”, en el que se ha obtenido que la inasistencia de la víctima a declarar tiene una incidencia del 47% para el archivamiento de casos, el 32% a la evaluación psicológica, el 15% a evaluación física y 6% por otras condiciones y las causas de la inasistencia se manifiesta por la falta de tiempo para asistir, amenazas de parte del agresor, desistimiento proseguir con la denuncia, dependencia económica, falta de información por bajo nivel de educación. Con estas consideraciones hemos estructurado el presente trabajo de investigación en la siguiente estructura: En el primer capítulo, indícanos la problemática que se presenta en el archivamiento de los casos de violencia familiar, análisis y objetivos a llegar con el desarrollo de la presente investigación. En el segundo capítulo, se ha enfocado el marco teórico indicando los aportes de cada autor de libros, revistas y publicaciones que se ha referido a este importante tema. En el tercer capítulo nos hemos involucrado en la población y definición de la muestra asumiendo el 20% de todos los casos de archivamiento preliminar, analizando 134 carpetas fiscales y nos ha permitido determinar que tanto la inasistencia de la víctima a declarar, a la evaluación física y examen psicológico, los cuales inciden directamente en el archivamiento de los casos. En el cuarto capítulo, se formula los resultados de la investigación identificando las incidencias y causas. En el quinto capitulo, se trata de la discusión de los resultados, los cuales nos ha permitido alcanzar a formular las conclusiones y recomendaciones. En el anexo se muestra las fichas instrumento de evaluació

Where does VR Fit in the Classroom?

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Aplicación del aula multimedia en el área de cultura estética en la carrera de educación básica de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi período académico 2011 – 2012

Esta investigación se desarrolló por la razón que en nuestro país el sistema educativo actual sufre deficiencias por falta de aulas virtuales o por el desconocimiento de la misma ya que esto es un grave problema que afecta y retrasa el aprendizaje en los estudiantes conllevando a la formación de profesionales con un bajo nivel de conocimiento académico

Modulation of microRNome by Human Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection in Human Dermal Fibroblasts: Possible Significance in the Induction of Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) have been reportedly suggested as triggers of the onset and/or progression of systemic sclerosis (SSc), a severe autoimmune disorder characterized by multi-organ fibrosis. The etiology and pathogenesis of SSc are still largely unknown but virological and immunological observations support a role for these beta-herpesviruses, and we recently observed a direct impact of HCMV and HHV-6 infection on the expression of cell factors associated with fibrosis at the cell level. Since miRNA expression has been found profoundly deregulated at the tissue level, here we aimed to investigate the impact on cell microRNome (miRNome) of HCMV and HHV-6 infection in in vitro infected primary human dermal fibroblasts, which represent one of the main SSc target cells. The analysis, performed by Taqman arrays detecting and quantifying 754 microRNAs (miRNAs), showed that both herpesviruses significantly modulated miRNA expression in infected cells, with evident early and late effects and deep modulation (>10 fold) of >40 miRNAs at each time post infection, including those previously recognized for their key function in fibrosis. The correlation between these in vitro results with in vivo observations is strongly suggestive of a role of HCMV and/or HHV-6 in the multistep pathogenesis of fibrosis in SSc and in the induction of fibrosis-signaling pathways finally leading to tissue fibrosis. The identification of specific miRNAs may open the way to their use as biomarkers for SSc diagnosis, assessment of disease progression and possible antifibrotic therapies

Epigallocatechin Gallate, a Green Tea Polyphenol, Mediates NO-dependent Vasodilation Using Signaling Pathways in Vascular Endothelium Requiring Reactive Oxygen Species and Fyn

Green tea consumption is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality in some epidemiological studies. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a bioactive polyphenol in green tea, mimics metabolic actions of insulin to inhibit gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes. Because signaling pathways regulating metabolic and vasodilator actions of insulin are shared in common, we hypothesized that EGCG may also have vasodilator actions to stimulate production of nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial cells. Acute intra-arterial administration of EGCG to mesenteric vascular beds isolated ex vivo from WKY rats caused dose-dependent vasorelaxation. This was inhibitable by L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor), wortmannin (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor), or PP2 (Src family kinase inhibitor). Treatment of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) with EGCG (50 microm) acutely stimulated production of NO (assessed with NO-specific fluorescent dye DAF-2) that was inhibitable by l-NAME, wortmannin, or PP2. Stimulation of BAEC with EGCG also resulted in dose- and time-dependent phosphorylation of eNOS that was inhibitable by wortmannin or PP2 (but not by MEK inhibitor PD98059). Specific knockdown of Fyn (but not Src) with small interfering RNA inhibited both EGCG-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS as well as production of NO in BAEC. Treatment of BAEC with EGCG generated intracellular H(2)O(2) (assessed with H(2)O(2)-specific fluorescent dye CM-H(2)DCF-DA), whereas treatment with N-acetylcysteine inhibited EGCG-stimulated phosphorylation of Fyn, Akt, and eNOS. We conclude that EGCG has endothelial-dependent vasodilator actions mediated by intracellular signaling pathways requiring reactive oxygen species and Fyn that lead to activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, and eNOS. This mechanism may explain, in part, beneficial vascular and metabolic health effects of green tea consumption

The Market for Organic Chickpeas in Germany and the United States

This market research paper has been prepared under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Veit of TH Köln and Prof. Dr. Carol Scovotti of University of Wisconsin-Whitewater in the course of the inter-university cross-border collaboration student research project “Export Opportunity Surveys (EOS)”. This study explores organic chickpeas export opportunities to the German and US markets