AMIANTO NÃO! O MANEJO DAS TELHAS DE FIBROCIMENTO E PERSPECTIVAS PARA DESAMIANTIZAÇÃO NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA, EM SALVADOR-BAHIA

Ao se estudar e analisar resíduos sólidos, nota-se a relação entre os aspectos ocupacionais, ambientais e de saúde. Os resíduos sólidos provenientes de materiais contendo amianto são comprovadamente nocivos, causando o adoecimento dos trabalhadores e culminando em uma questão de saúde pública. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o manejo das telhas de fibrocimento contendo amianto e a existência de perspectivas de desamiantização nas instalações da Universidade Federal da Bahia em Salvador/BA. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa em que a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com trabalhadores telhadistas, servidores, estudantes e professores dessa universidade e por meio do exame das legislações vigentes. A análise documental mostrou que os dispositivos legais e normativos identificados carecem de recursos e ações para serem implementados e que não há uma política de incentivo à desamiantização, assim como revelou a carência de áreas públicas para destinação final ambientalmente adequada do material contaminado e a falta de uma fiscalização apropriada. A pesquisa não identificou haver uma perspectiva de desamiantização na UFBA, apesar de ter constatado a existência de pessoas expostas ao risco invisível provocado pelo amianto. O estudo mostra um cenário de degradação ambiental e preocupante para a saúde coletiva, mas que também estimula a discussão de soluções e o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas. NO ASBESTOS! THE MANAGEMENT OF FIBROCEMENT TILES AND PERSPECTIVES FOR DEAMIANTIZATION IN THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA, IN SALVADOR - BAHIAWhen studying and analyzing solid waste, the relationship between occupational, environmental and health aspects is noted. Solid waste from materials containing asbestos is proven to be harmful, causing workers to become ill and culminating in a public health issue. The present work aimed to analyze the handling of asbestos-cement tiles and the existence of prospects for deactivation in the Federal University of Bahia facilities in Salvador / BA. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach in which data collection took place through semi-structured interviews with roofing workers, servers, students and professors at this university and through the examination of current legislation. The documentary analysis showed that the legal and normative provisions identified lack resources and actions to be implemented and that there is no policy to encourage deactivation, as well as the lack of public areas for the environmentally appropriate final disposal of contaminated material and the lack of adequate supervision. The research did not identify a prospect of deactivation at UFBA, despite having found the existence of people exposed to the invisible risk caused by asbestos. The study shows a scenario of environmental degradation and worrying for public health, but which also stimulates the discussion of solutions and the development of new research.

Síntese de poliestireno sulfonado para aplicações no tratamento de água produzido a partir de copos e bandejas descartadas de poliestireno

In the present paper, the use of poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS), produced from discarded polystyrene materials through heterogeneous and homogeneous processes, was investigated. The use of PSS for water treatment, using a kaolin suspension as wastewater model, reduced water turbidity for all the employed materials when compared to the blank analysis, without PSS. The most efficient polyelectrolyte was PSS cups obtained by homogeneous route. The same behavior was observed for real system. The homogeneous PSS cups showed a balance between a moderate molecular weight and high anionic character that improved flocks formation and water removal turbidity

CLASSIFICAÇÃO DO GRAU DE RISCO DE FAMÍLIAS NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

Este trabalho visa apresentar os resultados da implementação da classificação familiar por grau de risco, em uma microárea adstrita a uma unidade da Estratégia Saúde da Família, em Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Essa tecnologia é realizada por meio da ficha de cadastro familiar, na qual se identificam os dados socioeconômicos (renda familiar per capita, alfabetização do chefe da família e abastecimento de água) e dados clínicos (número de pessoas da família com uma ou mais patologias ou condições crônicas). Esses dados recebem uma pontuação e a partir da consolidação desses as famílias recebem uma classificação. Na microárea em estudo 129 famílias eram cadastradas, sendo analisadas 53 fichas (41,08%) com o seguinte resultado: Sem risco = 5 famílias (9,43%); Risco baixo = 6 famílias (11,32%); Risco médio = 30 famílias (56,61%); Risco Alto = 12 famílias (22,64%); revelando que 90,57% das famílias abordadas possuíam algum grau de risco

Considerações sobre a obtenção, processamento, caracterização e aplicação terapeutica das células-tronco mesenquimais em medicina equina

In veterinary medicine, the interest in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has increased exponentially in the last years, a fact demonstrated by the growing number of research and publications in the area. In equines, bone marrow and adipose tissue stand out as the main source for obtainment of MSCs for therapeutic use, showing very promising results at literature particularly for the treatment of orthopedic lesions. At this sense, the aim of this review is to describe the general characteristics of MSCs, describing the sources of production, the processing, characterization and in vitro therapeutic application in equine medicine.En la medicina veterinaria, el interés en las células madre mesenquimales (CMMs) ha aumentando exponencialmente en los últimos años, hecho demostrado con el incremento en el número de investigaciones y publicaciones en el área. En equinos, la médula ósea y el tejido adiposo se destacan como las principales fuentes para obtención de CMMs para uso terapéutico, presentando resultados bastante prometedores en la literatura, particularmente para el tratamiento de lesiones ortopédicas. De esta manera, el objetivo de esta revisión es describir las características generales de las CMMs, relatando las fuentes de obtención, el procesamiento, la caracterización in vitro y su aplicación terapéutica en la medicina equina.Na medicina veterinária, o interesse nas células-tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) tem aumentando exponencialmente nos últimos anos, fato esse demonstrado pelo crescente número de pesquisas e publicações na área. Em equinos, a medula óssea e o tecido adiposo se destacam como as principais fontes para obtenção de CTMs para uso terapêutico, apresentando resultados na literatura bastante promissores, particularmente para o tratamento de lesões ortopédicas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo dessa revisão é descrever as características gerais das CTMs, relatando as fontes de obtenção, o processamento, a caracterização in vitro e aplicação terapêutica na medicina equina.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Description of the technique of bone marrow harvesting in the coxal tuberosity for isolation and culture of mesenchymal stem cells of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Several studies with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been developed in many species because of its ability to differentiate into other mesoderm lineages, capacity of self-regeneration, low immunogenicity, paracrine, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antiapoptotic effects which make them a promissory source to be used in therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study is to report the technique of harvest of bone marrow (BM) in the coxal tuberosity (CT) of buffaloes and its processing and cultivation. For this, after anesthetic block from the region corresponding to the CT, bone marrow harvesting was performed with a myelogram’s needle. The samples collected showed plastic adherence with 96 hours and took approximately 32 days to reach 80% confluence. And then differentiation into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages was performed. Samples showed morphological changes during differentiation protocol, but not all presented production of extracellular deposits of calcium or intracellular fat droplets. The anatomical site tested showed to be an alternative site of harvest of BM once provided with the appropriate isolation and culture of the mononuclear fraction. Moreover, the procedure was performed without difficulty and with great security. Based on this, it can be concluded that CT is an excellent anatomical site for isolation and culture of MSCs and the proposed technique is viable and feasible to be held in buffaloes

Bone Marrow'S Harvest in The Coxal Tuberosity for Isolation and Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis)

Several studies with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been developed in many species because of its ability to differentiate into other mesoderm lineages, capacity of self-regeneration, low immunogenicity, paracrine, anti-inflamatory, immunomodulatory and antiapoptotic effects which make then a promissory source to be used in therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study is to report the technique of harvest of bone marrow (BM) in the coxal tuberosity (CT) of buffaloes. For this, the animals were selected, identified and contained in a stock. Then trichotomy was performed in the region corresponding to the CT. After identifying the anatomic site it was performed antisepsis, local anesthetic block and introduction of a myelogram's needle (Lang(R)) for BM aspiration. Once the needle was firmly fixed in the CT, the mandril was removed and proceeded to BM aspiration with a syringe (20 mL) containing 1 ml of heparin at 1000 IU / mL and 1 mL of PBS. After the collection, each sample collected was manually homogenized, identified and referred to the LRACT - FMVZ / UNESP-BRAZIL for the correct processing. The anatomical site tested showed to be an alternative site of harvest of BM once provided the appropriate isolation and culture of the mononuclear fraction. Moreover, the procedure was performed without difficulty and with great security. Based on this, it can be conclude that CT is an excellent anatomical site for isolation and culture of MSCs and the proposed technique is viable and feasible to be held in buffaloes