9,376 research outputs found
Microlocal spectrum condition and Hadamard form for vector-valued quantum fields in curved spacetime
Some years ago, Radzikowski has found a characterization of Hadamard states
for scalar quantum fields on a four-dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetime
in terms of a specific form of the wavefront set of their two-point functions
(termed `wavefront set spectrum condition'), thereby initiating a major
progress in the understanding of Hadamard states and the further development of
quantum field theory in curved spacetime. In the present work, we extend this
important result on the equivalence of the wavefront set spectrum condition
with the Hadamard condition from scalar fields to vector fields (sections in a
vector bundle) which are subject to a wave-equation and are quantized so as to
fulfill the covariant canonical commutation relations, or which obey a Dirac
equation and are quantized according to the covariant anti-commutation
relations, in any globally hyperbolic spacetime having dimension three or
higher. In proving this result, a gap which is present in the published proof
for the scalar field case will be removed. Moreover we determine the
short-distance scaling limits of Hadamard states for vector-bundle valued
fields, finding them to coincide with the corresponding flat-space, massless
vacuum states.Comment: latex2e, 41 page
The Theory and Principles of War
The nature and theory of war, consideration of the interrelationship of the military and the nonmilitary factors in the development of strategic concepts, a brief review of classic concepts of strategy, and the contribution they have made to modern strategic concepts
Draft Genome Sequence of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens Strain UCD-AKU (Phylum Actinobacteria).
Here we present the draft genome of an actinobacterium, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens strain UCD-AKU, isolated from a residential carpet. The genome assembly contains 3,692,614 bp in 130 contigs. This is the first member of the Curtobacterium genus to be sequenced
ORAL CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION AND SHORT-TERM DYNAMIC POWER PRODUCTION IN HEALTHY YOUNG MEN
This experiment examined the effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation on corrected peak power output and peak acceleration during repeated, high intensity sprint cycling. The investigation was randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind and adopted a crossover design. Eight male, adult volunteers participated in this study. Subjects were administered with creatine monohydrate (0.28g.kg-1 per day) or a glucose placebo. Following experimental treatments, subjects underwent 10 maximal effort, 6-s sprints on a cycle ergometer with a work to rest ratio of 5:1. The exercise protocol was fatiguing in nature with peak power output and peak acceleration decreasing significantly from the first to last sprint. Creatine supplementation significantly attenuated the decline in peak power output in the latter stages of the intermittent sprint cycling
Chandra X-ray Observation of a Mature Cloud-Shock Interaction in the Bright Eastern Knot Region of Puppis A
We present Chandra X-ray images and spectra of the most prominent cloud-shock
interaction region in the Puppis A supernova remnant. The Bright Eastern Knot
(BEK) has two main morphological components: (1) a bright compact knot that
lies directly behind the apex of an indentation in the eastern X-ray boundary
and (2) lying 1' westward behind the shock, a curved vertical structure (bar)
that is separated from a smaller bright cloud (cap) by faint diffuse emission.
Based on hardness images and spectra, we identify the bar and cap as a single
shocked interstellar cloud. Its morphology strongly resembles the ``voided
sphere'' structures seen at late times in Klein et al.'s experimental
simulations of cloud-shock interactions, when the crushing of the cloud by
shear instabilities is well underway. We infer an interaction time of roughly 3
cloud-crushing timescales, which translates to 2000-4000 years, based on the
X-ray temperature, physical size, and estimated expansion of the shocked cloud.
This is the first X-ray identified example of a cloud-shock interaction in this
advanced phase. Closer to the shock front, the X-ray emission of the compact
knot in the eastern part of the BEK region implies a recent interaction with
relatively denser gas, some of which lies in front of the remnant. The complex
spatial relationship of the X-ray emission of the compact knot to optical [O
III] emission suggests that there are multiple cloud interactions occurring
along the line of sight.Comment: 22 pages LaTeX with multiple figures, to appear in Ap
Response of the Brazilian gravitational wave detector to signals from a black hole ringdown
It is assumed that a black hole can be disturbed in such a way that a
ringdown gravitational wave would be generated. This ringdown waveform is well
understood and is modelled as an exponentially damped sinusoid. In this work we
use this kind of waveform to study the performance of the SCHENBERG
gravitational wave detector. This first realistic simulation will help us to
develop strategies for the signal analysis of this Brazilian detector. We
calculated the signal-to-noise ratio as a function of frequency for the
simulated signals and obtained results that show that SCHENBERG is expected to
be sensitive enough to detect this kind of signal up to a distance of .Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, Amaldi 5 Conference Proceedings contribution.
Submitted to Class. Quantum Gra
On a Class of Doubly-Generalized LDPC Codes with Single Parity-Check Variable Nodes
A class of doubly-generalized low-density parity-check (D-GLDPC) codes, where
single parity-check (SPC) codes are used as variable nodes (VNs), is
investigated. An expression for the growth rate of the weight distribution of
any D-GLDPC ensemble with a uniform check node (CN) set is presented at first,
together with an analytical technique for its efficient evaluation. These tools
are then used for detailed analysis of a case study, namely, a rate-1/2 D-GLDPC
ensemble where all the CNs are (7,4) Hamming codes and all the VNs are length-7
SPC codes. It is illustrated how the VN representations can heavily affect the
code properties and how different VN representations can be combined within the
same graph to enhance some of the code parameters. The analysis is conducted
over the binary erasure channel. Interesting features of the new codes include
the capability of achieving a good compromise between waterfall and error floor
performance while preserving graphical regularity, and values of threshold
outperforming LDPC counterparts.Comment: 2009 IEEE Int. Symp. on Information Theory. 5 pages, 3 figure
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