Three Drawings from the book Loggerheads.

Poetry by Allen Fishe

Nitrogen transformations in a mitigated wetland in the Green Bottom Wildlife Management Area

Soil nitrogen (N) dynamics have been shown to be quite sensitive to the soil hydrology. Creation of a mitigation freshwater wetland from an old field provided an opportunity to examine changes in N dynamics in terrestrial, aquatic (but formerly terrestrial), and transition (seasonally inundated) soils. This thesis determined N availability using in situ incubations of soils taken from three distinct habitat conditions based on the degree of inundation following wetland creation: (1) old field (no inundation), (2) transition (seasonally inundated, initially beneath 10-20 cm of water), and (3) mitigation wetland (permanently inundated). Sample plots were located along five parallel transects with one plot of each transect located in each of these three site types for a total of 15 plots in the study. Mineral soil was incubated within polyethylene bags and buried in the ground for 28 d. Nitrogen dynamics were assessed by comparing preversus post-incubation values of extractable and. In addition, soils were analyzed for organic matter, texture (% sand, silt, and clay), and moisture content. Climatic information was observed on site on sample days and daily information was provided by the local National Weather Service office. Soils in the old field and transition sites had similar textures; whereas, mitigation wetland soil was different with significantly higher clay and silt content and lower sand content. It was not clear whether this resulted from extended inundation or as an artifact of sampling these soils when waterlogged. Soil moisture content increased from old field to transition to mitigation wetland sites as was expected with increased levels and period of inundation. Influences on moisture content for the old field and transition soils appeared to differ. Old field soil seemed to respond to variations in precipitation in conjunction with other environmental factors, and transition soil responded to period of exposure. Soil organic matter was similar for all three site types. Although sites were quite similar with respect to soil organic matter (the main source of N for these soils), sites differed substantially in the predominant form of available N, with dominating in the old field and late season transitional soils and dominating in the mitigation wetland and early season transition soils. Similar patterns of contrast were found for net N mineralization and nitrification. Nitrate pools decreased significantly in old field soils in May, likely related to plant uptake, and increased in September, possibly related to plant senescence. Inundated soil in April and May showed no change in pools, but instead showed substantial increases in pools. Over the length of the study mitigation wetland soil had fluctuating pools, but ended with an 87% increase in pool level, and the pool in the mitigation wetland experienced a huge increase (\u3e200%). Seasonal draw-down of the water table exposed the transition area in June and by July N dynamics of the transition soils were similar to those of the old field sites. These results support earlier work showing that N dynamics of these alluvial soils change rapidly toward those of typical hydromorphic soils following inundation, but also demonstrate that this change is reversible. Principal component analysis of each site type for applicable climatic, physical, and N data was used and provided a distinct separation of months. The pattern was similar for all three site types; however, some of the specific variables of influence differed. Old field sites were positively correlated to daily high temperature, average daily temperature, precipitations between samples and precipitation within 5d of sample, and negatively to precipitation within 48h of sample, extractable and extractable +. Transition sites positively correlated to daily high temperature, soil temperature, average temperature between samples, and precipitation within 5d of sample and negatively to precipitation within 48h of sample, extractable and extractable . Mitigation wetland sites correlated positively to daily high temperature, average daily temperature, precipitation between samples, and net N mineralization and negatively to net nitrification, extractable , extractable , and sample time (of day). The results of principal component analysis suggest these sites had trends in response to variations in temperature, precipitation, and soil N transformations

Modular invariance, lattice field theories and finite size corrections

We give a lattice theory treatment of certain one and two dimensional quantum field theories. In one dimension we construct a combinatorial version of a non-trivial field theory on the circle which is of some independent interest in itself while in two dimensions we consider a field theory on a toroidal triangular lattice. We take a continuous spin Gaussian model on a toroidal triangular lattice with periods $L_0$ and $L_1$ where the spins carry a representation of the fundamental group of the torus labeled by phases $u_0$ and $u_1$. We compute the {\it exact finite size and lattice corrections}, to the partition function $Z$, for arbitrary mass $m$ and phases $u_i$. Summing $Z^{-1/2}$ over a specified set of phases gives the corresponding result for the Ising model on a torus. An interesting property of the model is that the limits $m\rightarrow0$ and $u_i\rightarrow0$ do not commute. Also when $m=0$ the model exhibits a {\it vortex critical phase} when at least one of the $u_i$ is non-zero. In the continuum or scaling limit, for arbitrary $m$, the finite size corrections to $-\ln Z$ are {\it modular invariant} and for the critical phase are given by elliptic theta functions. In the cylinder limit $L_1\rightarrow\infty$ the ``cylinder charge'' $c(u_0,m^2L_0^2)$ is a non-monotonic function of $m$ that ranges from $2(1+6u_0(u_0-1))$ for $m=0$ to zero for $m\rightarrow\infty$ but from which one can determine the central charge $c$. The study of the continuum limit of these field theories provides a kind of quantum theoretic analog of the link between certain combinatorial and analytic topological quantities.Comment: 25 pages Plain Te

Let\u27s Forget We Ever Met : Ballad

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/3249/thumbnail.jp

Lunar material transport vehicle

The proposed vehicle, the Lunar Material Transport Vehicle (LMTV), has a mission objective of efficient lunar soil material transport. The LMTV was designed to meet a required set of performance specifications while operating under a given set of constraints. The LMTV is essentially an articulated steering, double-ended dump truck. The vehicle moves on four wheels and has two identical chassis halves. Each half consists of a chassis frame, a material bucket, two wheels with integral curvilinear synchronous motors, a fuel cell and battery arrangement, an electromechanically actuated dumping mechanism, and a powerful microprocessor. The vehicle, as designed, is capable of transporting up to 200 cu ft of material over a one mile round trip per hour. The LMTV is capable of being operated from a variety of sources. The vehicle has been designed as simply as possible with attention also given to secondary usage of components

Critical Dynamics in a Binary Fluid: Simulations and Finite-size Scaling

We report comprehensive simulations of the critical dynamics of a symmetric binary Lennard-Jones mixture near its consolute point. The self-diffusion coefficient exhibits no detectable anomaly. The data for the shear viscosity and the mutual-diffusion coefficient are fully consistent with the asymptotic power laws and amplitudes predicted by renormalization-group and mode-coupling theories {\it provided} finite-size effects and the background contribution to the relevant Onsager coefficient are suitably accounted for. This resolves a controversy raised by recent molecular simulations.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

M\u27M M\u27M M\u27M Mazie

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/3805/thumbnail.jp

Pathways between childhood victimization and psychosis-like symptoms in the ALSPAC Birth Cohort

Background: Several large population-based studies have demonstrated associations between adverse childhood experiences and later development of psychotic symptoms. However, little attention has been paid to the mechanisms involved in this pathway and the few existing studies have relied on cross-sectional assessments. Methods: Prospective data on 6692 children from the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) were used to address this issue. Mothers reported on children’s exposure to harsh parenting and domestic violence in early childhood, and children self-reported on bullying victimization prior to 8.5 years. Presence of children’s anxiety at 10 years and their depressive symptoms at 9 and 11 years were ascertained from mothers, and children completed assessments of self-esteem and locus of control at 8.5 years. Children were interviewed regarding psychotic symptoms at a mean age of 12.9 years. Multiple mediation analysis was performed to examine direct and indirect effects of each childhood adversity on psychotic symptoms. Results: The association between harsh parenting and psychotic symptoms was fully mediated by anxiety, depressive symptoms, external locus of control, and low self-esteem. Bullying victimization and exposure to domestic violence had their associations with psychotic symptoms partially mediated by anxiety, depression, locus of control, and self-esteem. Similar results were obtained following adjustment for a range of confounders and when analyses were conducted for boys and girls separately. Conclusions: These findings tentatively suggest that specific cognitive and affective difficulties in childhood could be targeted to minimize the likelihood of adolescents exposed to early trauma from developing psychotic symptoms

The crowd: momentum, energy and the work of Cy Twombly

The paper proposes to bring comprehension of momentum and energy into understanding through a discussion of the graphic work of Cy Twombly. The research is limited to work made by Twombly in the period 1951-1987. The phenomenology of looking at Twombly's work leads to a pragmatism that breaks down the conventionalist's proposal for cultural singularity in semiological discourse and presents cognition with unresolved issue and a challenge to description. In the process of the response to Twombly's work the paper demonstrates a contemplation of some perception theories proposed by scientists like Peter Medawar and writers like M. Merleau-Ponty; art historians like Meyer Schapiro and mathematicians like Kurt Gödel. These theories and experiences have been juxtaposed with research into, quotation from and commentary on all of the articles available from The British Library and Senate House catalogues, on Cy Twombly's work in English in 1987; from Charles Olson in 1952 and Roland Barthes and Herner Bastian in the '70s; to Richard Francis, Roberta Smith and Harold Szeeman in the 1980s. This regrettably missed out important articles written by Marjorie Welish, 'A Discourse on Twombly' 1979 and 'Early Paintings' 1983, both of which are reprinted in Marjorie Welish (1999) Signifying Art. Essays on Art after 1960, Cambridge University Press

Monuments to the future: social resonance in the art of Joseph Beuys

This chapter focuses on the work of Joseph Beuys exhibited in the German Exhibition at the Royal Academy, London in 1985; in the Anthony d’Offay Gallery in the same period; and at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1983. The essay uses the term ‘facture’ to shift the sacrosanct meanings of such words as ‘make’ or ‘create’, which often imply deistic completions or finished products. This decision derives both from Joesph Beuys’ ideas of process in his art and its meanings, as well as the contemporary discussion which wishes to include the viewer in the production process of the art. I have taken the concept of ‘function’ from Jan Mukarovsky to assist in understanding the intersections of functions (such as æsthetic and spiritual) in Beuys’ art