3,451 research outputs found
Electromagnetic wave scattering by a superconductor
The interaction between radiation and superconductors is explored in this
paper. In particular, the calculation of a plane standing wave scattered by an
infinite cylindrical superconductor is performed by solving the Helmholtz
equation in cylindrical coordinates. Numerical results computed up to
of Bessel functions are presented for different wavelengths
showing the appearance of a diffraction pattern.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure
New limits on anomalous contributions to the Wtb vertex
The authors would like to thank the Center for Theoretical Physics of the Physics Department at the New York City College of Technology, for providing computing power from their High-Performance Computing Cluster. The work of M.C.N. Fiolhais was supported by FCT Grant No. SFRH/BPD/100379/2014. The work of C. M. Pease was partly supported by Macaulay Honors College. The authors would also like to thank Juan Antonio Aguilar-Saavedra and Nuno F. Castro for a long time collaboration.The latest and most precise top quark measurements at the LHC and Tevatron are used to establish new limits on the Wtb vertex. Recent results on the measurements of the W-boson helicity fractions and single top quark production cross section are combined in order to establish new limits at 95% CL (confidence level). The allowed regions for these limits are presented, for the first time, in three-dimensional graphics, for both real and imaginary components of the different anomalous couplings, providing a new perspective on the impact of the combination of different physics observables. These results are also combined with the prospected future measurement of the single top quark production cross section and W-boson helicity fractions at the LHC.The authors would like to thank the Center for Theoretical Physics of the Physics Department at the New York City College of Technology, for providing computing power from their High-Performance Computing Cluster. The work of M.C.N. Fiolhais was supported by FCT Grant No. SFRH/BPD/100379/2014. TheworkofC.M.PeasewaspartlysupportedbyMacaulay Honors College. The authors would also like to thank Juan Antonio Aguilar-Saavedra and Nuno F. Castro for a long time collaboration
A template method to measure the tt polarisation
This work is supported by the Spanish Research Agency (Agencia Estatal de Investigacion) through the grant IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2016-0597, by the projects PID2019-110058GB-C21, PID2019-110058GB-C22 from MICINN/AEI/ERDF, and by projects CERN/FIS-PAR/0004/2019, CERN/FIS-PAR/0029/2019 from FCT. The work of P.M.R. is supported through the FPI grant BES-2016-076775. The work of M.C.N.F. was supported by the PSC-CUNY Awards 63096-00 51 and 64031-00 52.We develop a template method for the measurement of the polarisation of tt¯ pairs produced in hadron collisions. The method would allow to extract the individual fractions of tLt¯ L, tRt¯ R, tLt¯ R and tRt¯ L pairs with a fit to data, where L, R refer to the polarisation along any axis. These polarisation fractions have not been independently measured at present. Secondarily, the method also provides the net polarisation of t and t¯ , as well as their spin correlation for arbitrary axes.IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa
PID2019-110058GB-C21, PID2019-110058GB-C22, SEV-2016-0597PSC-CUNY
63096-00 51, 64031-00 52Spanish Research AgencyFamily Process Institute
BES-2016-076775Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónEuropean Regional Development Fund
CERN/FIS-PAR/0004/2019, CERN/FIS-PAR/0029/2019Fundació Catalana de TrasplantamentAgencia Estatal de Investigació
Ionic structure and photoabsorption in medium sized sodium clusters
We present ground-state configurations and photoabsorption spectra of Na-7+,
Na-27+ and Na-41+. Both the ionic structure and the photoabsorption spectra of
medium-size sodium clusters beyond Na-20 have been calculated self-consistently
with a nonspherical treatment of the valence electrons in density functional
theory. We use a local pseudopotential that has been adjusted to experimental
bulk properties and the atomic 3s level of sodium. Our studies have shown that
both the ionic structure of the ground state and the positions of the plasmon
resonances depend sensitively on the pseudopotential used in the calculation,
which stresses the importance of its consistent use in both steps.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in PRB, tentatively July
15th, 1998 some typos corrected, brought to nicer forma
An orbital-free molecular dynamics study of melting in K_20, K_55, K_92, K_142, Rb_55 and Cs_55 clusters
The melting-like transition in potasium clusters K_N, with N=20, 55, 92 and
142, is studied by using an orbital-free density-functional constant-energy
molecular dynamics simulation method, and compared to previous theoretical
results on the melting-like transition in sodium clusters of the same sizes.
Melting in potasium and sodium clusters proceeds in a similar way: a surface
melting stage develops upon heating before the homogeneous melting temperature
is reached. Premelting effects are nevertheless more important and more easily
established in potasium clusters, and the transition regions spread over
temperature intervals which are wider than in the case of sodium. For all the
sizes considered, the percentage melting temperature reduction when passing
from Na to K clusters is substantially larger than in the bulk. Once those two
materials have been compared for a number of different cluster sizes, we study
the melting-like transition in Rb_55 and Cs_55 clusters and make a comparison
with the melting behavior of Na_55 and K_55. As the atomic number increases,
the height of the specific heat peaks decreases, their width increases, and the
melting temperature decreases as in bulk melting, but in a more pronounced way.Comment: LaTeX file. 6 pages with 17 pictures. Final version with minor
change
Block orthogonal polynomials: I. Definition and properties
Constrained orthogonal polynomials have been recently introduced in the study
of the Hohenberg-Kohn functional to provide basis functions satisfying particle
number conservation for an expansion of the particle density. More generally,
we define block orthogonal (BO) polynomials which are orthogonal, with respect
to a first Euclidean scalar product, to a given -dimensional subspace of polynomials associated with the constraints. In addition, they are
mutually orthogonal with respect to a second Euclidean scalar product. We
recast the determination of these polynomials into a general problem of finding
particular orthogonal bases in an Euclidean vector space endowed with distinct
scalar products. An explicit two step Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization (G-SO)
procedure to determine these bases is given. By definition, the standard block
orthogonal (SBO) polynomials are associated with a choice of equal
to the subspace of polynomials of degree less than . We investigate their
properties, emphasizing similarities to and differences from the standard
orthogonal polynomials. Applications to classical orthogonal polynomials will
be given in forthcoming papers.Comment: This is a reduced version of the initial manuscript, the number of
pages being reduced from 34 to 2
A chiral bag model approach to delta electroproduction
Helicity amplitudes for the transition are calculated
using the cloudy bag model. A correction for center-of-mass motion is carried
out using a modified Peierls-Thouless projection method. This reduces the
magnitude of the transition amplitudes at small momentum transfer and enhances
them at modest momentum transfers. Our calculation shows that the pion cloud
contributes substantially to the transition helicity amplitudes, with the final
result giving reasonable agreement with the corresponding experimental values.Comment: 16 pages, 6 ps figures, revte
Probing the CP nature of the Higgs coupling in tt¯h events at the LHC
The determination of the CP nature of the Higgs coupling to top quarks is addressed in this paper, using t¯th events produced in √s=13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC. Dileptonic final states are employed, with two oppositely charged leptons and four jets, corresponding to the decays t→bW+→bℓ+νℓ, ¯t→¯bW−→¯bℓ−¯νℓ, and h→b¯b. Pure scalar (h=H), pure pseudoscalar (h=A), and CP-violating Higgs boson signal events, generated with MadGraph5_aMC@NLO, are fully reconstructed through a kinematic fit. We furthermore generate samples that have both a CP-even and a CP-odd component in the t¯th coupling in order to probe the ratio of the two components. New angular distributions of the decay products, as well as CP angular asymmetries, are explored in order to separate the scalar from the pseudoscalar components of the Higgs boson and reduce the contribution from the dominant irreducible background, t¯tb¯b. Significant differences between the angular distributions and asymmetries are observed, even after the full kinematic fit reconstruction of the events, allowing to define the best observables for a global fit of the Higgs couplings parameters.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Slabs of stabilized jellium: Quantum-size and self-compression effects
We examine thin films of two simple metals (aluminum and lithium) in the
stabilized jellium model, a modification of the regular jellium model in which
a constant potential is added inside the metal to stabilize the system for a
given background density. We investigate quantum-size effects on the surface
energy and the work function. For a given film thickness we also evaluate the
density yielding energy stability, which is found to be slightly higher than
the equilibrium density of the bulk system and to approach this value in the
limit of thick slabs. A comparison of our self-consistent calculations with the
predictions of the liquid-drop model shows the validity of this model.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Coherent Pair State of Pion in Constituent Quark Model
A coherent state of pions is introduced to the nonrelativistic quark model.
The coherent pair approximation is employed for the pion field in order to
maintain the spin-isospin symmetry. In this approximation the pion is localized
in the momentum space, and the vertex form factor in the pion-quark interaction
is derived from this localization. The nucleon masses and wave functions are
calculated using this model, and our results are compared to those of the quark
model with the one pion exchange potential. Similar result is obtained for the
mass spectrum, but there exists a clear difference in the internal structure of
nucleon resonances.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, revtex, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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