Learning-Based Prediction of Pose-Dependent Dynamics

The constantly increasing demand for both, higher production output and more complex product geometries, which can only be achieved using five-axis milling processes, requires elaborated analysis approaches to optimize the regarded process. This is especially necessary when the used tool is susceptible to vibrations, which can deteriorate the quality of the machined workpiece surface. The prediction of tool vibrations based on the used NC path and process configuration can be achieved by, e.g., applying geometric physically-based process simulation systems prior to the machining process. However, recent research showed that the dynamic behavior of the system, consisting of the machine tool, the spindle, and the milling tool, can change significantly when using different inclination angles to realize certain machined workpiece shapes. Intermediate dynamic properties have to be interpolated based on measurements due to the impracticality of measuring the frequency response functions for each position and inclination angle that are used along the NC path. This paper presents a learning-based approach to predict the frequency response function for a given pose of the tool center point

Forest ecosystem genomics and adaptation : EVOLTREE conference report

This article is a summary report of the international conference "Forest ecosystem genomics and adaptation" organized by the EVOLTREE Network of Excellence in San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid), Spain, from 9 to 11 June 2010. Main achievements and results of the network are presented for the eight thematic sessions and a stakeholder session. The conference has shown that adaptive responses of trees to biotic or abiotic selection pressures can now be investigated at the gene level for traits of adaptive significance. Candidate genes have been catalogued for phenological and drought-related traits in important tree families (Salicaceae, Fagaceaea and Pinaceae), and their variation in natural populations is being explored. Genomics can now be integrated in ecological research to investigate evolutionary response to climate changes in a wide range of species. New avenues of research were also highlighted as the exploration of gene networks involved in adaptive responses and the combination of experimental and modelling approaches to disentangle components of evolutionary changes triggered by climate change. The main focus of the conference was the adaptation of trees to environmental changes. The conference was organized in eight thematic sessions ranging from genomic approaches aiming at identifying genes of adaptive significance to practical issues regarding mitigation options for combating climate change. A dialogue between scientists and end users took place in the form of an ad hoc stakeholder session. A panel of end users from various forest and policy-making institutions expressed their expectations, and the discussions with the scientists addressed the potential applications of research findings to the management of genetic resources in the context of climate changes. The conference was introduced by two keynote speakers Dr. Pierre Mathy from the European Commission, Directorate General of Research, and Dr. Allen Solomon, former National Program Leader for Global Change, US Forest Service. All the thematic sessions were introduced by high-level invited speakers from the respective fields