Soil contamination of a public park by human and canine mastadenovirus, as well as hookworms and Toxocara spp eggs

Public parks are leisure environments widely used by both, adults and children, often accompained by their pets. Soil contamination of these environments by enteric viruses and intestinal parasites occurs through these animals feces. The aim of this work was to detect Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (CPV-1) and different species of Mastadenovirus in soils samples from a park located in a medium-sized city in Brazil and evaluate the presence of helminth eggs and larvae in 18 points of a public park soil samples, as well as feces found on this site during six months. Parasitological analyzes were conducted through flotation and sedimentation techniques, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for viral detection. Of the 216 soil and 16 feces samples, 49% (106/216) and 12% (2/16) were positivefor nematodes larvae, respectively, through sedimentation techniques. Toxocara spp eggs were found in one soil sample and one feces sample, Trichuris spp eggs were found in only one feces sample and Hookworms eggs were found in four soil samples. After reconstruction work in the streets near the park, 30% (64/216) of the samples were positive for Human Mastadenovirus C (HAdV-C), 1.4% (3/216) for HAdV-E and 0.4% (1/216) for Canine Mastadenovirus A (CAdV-A). The parasitic forms found in this study have demonstrated that the contamination of the park’s soil pose a threat to human and animal health. This was the first study to report the presence of HAdVs and CAdVs in soil samples

Genome of a husavirus from Southern Brazil

New viruses of the Picornavirales order have been discovered with the increase in the number of sequences obtained by high-throughput sequencing, as well as human stoolassociated RNA virus (husavirus [HuV]), found in human stool samples. However, there is much to be clarified about HuV. Its cellular host, evolutionary history, and other biological characteristics are still unknown. Therefore, samples collected from human beings and environmental samples in a watershed in Southern Brazil were processed for the metagenomic library. Upon metagenomic analysis, we identified a HuV (husavirus LMM_67754 OP019707) genome with 8,846 bp, which was reported for the first time in Southern Brazil. The new genome presents only 37% of nucleotide identity with Brazilian strains and more than 90% with genomes from China, Vietnam, Venezuela, and the Netherlands. The HuV phylogeny presents significant differences among genomes, probably because multiple introductions of the virus may have occurred. Many questions still need to be answered about HuV. Therefore, more sequences and studies on this virus are necessary to improve the comprehension of the unknown origin of Picornavirales

Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant in Southern Brazil and reinfection of the same patient by P.2

Multiple variants of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) have been constantly reported across the world. The B.1.1.28 lineage has been evolving in Brazil since February 2020 and originated the P.1 variant of concern (VOC), recently named as the Gamma variant by the newly WHO nomenclature proposal, and P.2 as a variant of interest (VOI). Here we describe an early case of P.1 primary infection in Southern Brazil in late November 2020, soon after the emergence of the variant in Manaus, Northern Brazil. The same male patient was reinfected by another B.1.1.28 variant, namely P.2, in March, 2021. The genomic analysis confirmed genetically significant differences between the two viruses recovered in both infections, the P.1 lineage in the first episode and P.2 in the reinfection. Due the very early detection of P.1, we have also investigated the circulation of P.1 in the same region by differential RT-qPCR, showing that this was an isolated case of P.1 at the time of detection, and this variant has disseminated and became prominent from late January to the end of March, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 recent reports of reinfection have raised critical questions on whether and how well a first infection protects against reinfection

Strategie di utilizzazione dei portainnesti resistenti in Trentino

Although Muslims in Ethiopia are a large part of the total population, nevertheless, their literary tradition and their cultural heritage have, until the present, hardly been studied by the academic community. The present article aims to shed light on the Islamic manuscript tradition in Ethiopia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by focus-ing on several codices owned by al-Šayḫ Ḥabīb, a renowned scholar and respected walī from Wällo, in north-eastern Ethiopia

The role of hydrogen in the electronic structure of amorphous carbon: an electron spectroscopy study

Two processes are examined by electron spectroscopy techniques, namely hydrogen incorporation into amorphous carbon (a-C) and hydrogen evolution from hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H). The energy E p of the π + σ plasmon loss (related to the material mass density) turns out to be the most sensitive indicator of the degree of H incorporation. Other spectral features, on the other hand, consistently confirm that H acts as a stabilizer of the sp 3 phase in amorphous carbon systems. H evolution is thermally activated from a-C:H once the material stability threshold (≈ 100∘C for the film of the present study) is exceeded. It first leads to massive sp 3 to sp 2 conversion, followed by graphitic order development. No univocal relationship exists between the sp 2 fraction and the π band photoemission intensity

Cr/Ni/Au multilayer films for high temperature MEMS applications

Cr/Au films are nowadays receiving considerable attention for many MEMS devices which operate in high temperature conditions as for example micromachined chemoresistive sensors for gas detection. For this kind of application a microhotplate to maintain the sensing layer to a high temperature working condition (nearly 400�C) is required. In this research work we evaporated Cr as adhesion layer and Au as contact layer on Silicon wafers. These metal layers show good adhesion and also good Au wire bondability at room temperature, but for temperature higher than 250�C the metal is not reliable due to the inter-diffusion. To overcome this problem we introduced nickel as barrier layer between Cr and Au films. Different Ni thicknesses were evaporated to test the properties of the metal multilayer before and after annealing. The resulting Cr/Ni/Au sandwich structures were annealed at temperature in the range of 200-550�C to evaluate the effectiveness of the barrier in preventing Cr/Au interaction. The interaction was studied by the use of optical and electron microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy and sheet resistance measurements