584 research outputs found
Analysis of the low-energy electron-recoil spectrum of the CDMS experiment
We report on the analysis of the low-energy electron-recoil spectrum from the
CDMS II experiment using data with an exposure of 443.2 kg-days. The analysis
provides details on the observed counting rate and possible background sources
in the energy range of 2 - 8.5 keV. We find no significant excess in the
counting rate above background, and compare this observation to the recent DAMA
results. In the framework of a conversion of a dark matter particle into
electromagnetic energy, our 90% confidence level upper limit of 0.246
events/kg/day at 3.15 keV is lower than the total rate above background
observed by DAMA by 8.9. In absence of any specific particle physics
model to provide the scaling in cross section between NaI and Ge, we assume a
Z^2 scaling. With this assumption the observed rate in DAMA differs from the
upper limit in CDMS by 6.8. Under the conservative assumption that the
modulation amplitude is 6% of the total rate we obtain upper limits on the
modulation amplitude a factor of ~2 less than observed by DAMA, constraining
some possible interpretations of this modulation.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
A Search for WIMPs with the First Five-Tower Data from CDMS
We report first results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II)
experiment running with its full complement of 30 cryogenic particle detectors
at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. This report is based on the analysis of
data acquired between October 2006 and July 2007 from 15 Ge detectors (3.75
kg), giving an effective exposure of 121.3 kg-d (averaged over recoil energies
10--100 keV, weighted for a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) mass of
60 \gev). A blind analysis, incorporating improved techniques for event
reconstruction and data quality monitoring, resulted in zero observed events.
This analysis sets an upper limit on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross
section of 6.6 cm (4.6 cm when combined
with previous CDMS Soudan data) at the 90% confidence level for a WIMP mass of
60 \gev. By providing the best sensitivity for dark matter WIMPs with masses
above 42 GeV/c, this work significantly restricts the parameter space for
some of the favored supersymmetric models.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL 28 March 200
Characterization of SuperCDMS 1-inch Ge Detectors
The newly commissioned SuperCDMS Soudan experiment aims to search for WIMP dark matter with a sensitivity to cross sections of 5×10^(−45)cm^2 and larger (90% CL upper limit). This goal is facilitated by a new set of germanium detectors, 2.5 times more massive than the ones used in the CDMS-II experiment, and with a different athermal phonon sensor layout that eliminates radial degeneracy in position reconstruction of high radius events. We present characterization data on these detectors, as well as improved techniques for correcting position-dependent variations in pulse shape across the detector. These improvements provide surface-event discrimination sufficient for a reach of 5×10^(−45)cm^2
Snowmass CF1 Summary: WIMP Dark Matter Direct Detection
As part of the Snowmass process, the Cosmic Frontier WIMP Direct Detection
subgroup (CF1) has drawn on input from the Cosmic Frontier and the broader
Particle Physics community to produce this document. The charge to CF1 was (a)
to summarize the current status and projected sensitivity of WIMP direct
detection experiments worldwide, (b) motivate WIMP dark matter searches over a
broad parameter space by examining a spectrum of WIMP models, (c) establish a
community consensus on the type of experimental program required to explore
that parameter space, and (d) identify the common infrastructure required to
practically meet those goals.Comment: Snowmass CF1 Final Summary Report: 47 pages and 28 figures with a 5
page appendix on instrumentation R&
CDMSlite: A Search for Low-Mass WIMPs using Voltage-Assisted Calorimetric Ionization Detection in the SuperCDMS Experiment
SuperCDMS is an experiment designed to directly detect Weakly Interacting
Massive Particles (WIMPs), a favored candidate for dark matter ubiquitous in
the Universe. In this paper, we present WIMP-search results using a
calorimetric technique we call CDMSlite, which relies on voltage- assisted
Luke-Neganov amplification of the ionization energy deposited by particle
interactions. The data were collected with a single 0.6 kg germanium detector
running for 10 live days at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. A low energy
threshold of 170 eVee (electron equivalent) was obtained, which allows us to
constrain new WIMP-nucleon spin-independent parameter space for WIMP masses
below 6 GeV/c2.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Results from a Low-Energy Analysis of the CDMS II Germanium Data
We report results from a reanalysis of data from the Cryogenic Dark Matter
Search (CDMS II) experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. Data taken
between October 2006 and September 2008 using eight germanium detectors are
reanalyzed with a lowered, 2 keV recoil-energy threshold, to give increased
sensitivity to interactions from Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs)
with masses below ~10 GeV/c^2. This analysis provides stronger constraints than
previous CDMS II results for WIMP masses below 9 GeV/c^2 and excludes parameter
space associated with possible low-mass WIMP signals from the DAMA/LIBRA and
CoGeNT experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures. Supplemental material included as ancillary
files. v3) Added appendix with additional details regarding energy scale and
background
Search for inelastic dark matter with the CDMS II experiment
Results are presented from a reanalysis of the entire five-tower data set
acquired with the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment at the
Soudan Underground Laboratory, with an exposure of 969 kg-days. The analysis
window was extended to a recoil energy of 150 keV, and an improved
surface-event background-rejection cut was defined to increase the sensitivity
of the experiment to the inelastic dark matter (iDM) model. Three dark matter
candidates were found between 25 keV and 150 keV. The probability to observe
three or more background events in this energy range is 11%. Because of the
occurrence of these events the constraints on the iDM parameter space are
slightly less stringent than those from our previous analysis, which used an
energy window of 10-100 keV.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, minor changes to match published version,
conclusion unchange
Social Enterprise Evaluation : Implications for Tourism Development
The evaluation of social enterprise projects has focused mainly on devising effective performance measurement methods and processes to justify the investment of resources and time committed to such activities. With increasing demands for accountability, effectiveness, evidence of return on investment and value-added results, evaluation activities have been driven by imperatives of objectivity in assessments and the development of tools that monetize the social outcomes and impacts of social enterprise projects. These traditional approaches to evaluation have also been widely adapted in tourism based social enterprises that seek to attain goals of poverty alleviation, empowerment of local communities, and improved livelihoods for those marginalized from mainstream tourism economic activities. This chapter argues that traditional approaches to evaluation may be limited in supporting social entrepreneurship projects with development objectives of empowerment and societal change. It is proposed that social enterprise projects involving community participation may be better positioned to achieve their developmental objectives by incorporating more of the principles of Participatory Evaluation (PE) and Empowerment Evaluation (EE) in the quest to harness the economic prowess of tourism for human development
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