Monetary Policy in Brazil: Remarks on the Inflation Targeting Regime, Public Debt Management and Open Market Operations

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the main features in the conduct of monetary policy in Brazil. Initially, we focus on the inflation targeting regime, reviewing the background that led to its adoption in mid-1999, the institutional framework implemented in the country, and the challenges and achievements reached so far. Then we move to the analysis of the public debt management, highlighting its objectives and results, with particular emphasis on the debt composition and average maturity. The third section discusses the open market procedures. The paper ends with a brief description of specific policy issues to be addressed by the Central Bank in the near future.

Musical Performance Anxiety (MPA)

The musical practice is an extremely complex activity that involves a series of cognitive abilities and functions, among them are hearing, memory, motor coordination, attention, affection, mathematical calculation, and the association of all of these concomitantly, including situations of public exposure. Because of this, musical performance is particularly susceptive to anxiety symptoms. Musical performance anxiety (MPA) is defined as an experience of persistent and distressing apprehension and/or real prejudice of the performance abilities in a public context in an unjustifiable degree given the individual musical aptitude and preparation level. It prevails more commonly on the female gender in a 3:1 proportion and affects about 20% of the professional musicians. In the present chapter, its main etiologies and psychic mechanisms, evaluation instruments, as well as the current therapeutic strategies available will be presented

Avaliação da viabilidade miocárdica pós-enfarte: Gated-SPECT versus Gated-PET

Mestrado em Medicina Nuclear - Ramo de especialização: Tomografia por Emissão de PositrõesA prevalência da disfunção ventricular esquerda (DVE) e da resultante insuficiência cardíaca (IC) está a aumentar. A dificuldade de identificar miocárdio viável em doentes com DVE grave pós-enfarte agudo do miocárdio (EAM) limita também a escolha da terapêutica a adoptar: se beneficiam de procedimentos de revascularização ou são propostos para transplante cardíaco. A Gated-SPECT (G-SPECT) com agentes tecneciados, utilizando protocolos esforço-repouso, apresenta alguma controvérsia metodológica para estudo da viabilidade. Por outro lado, a PET com 18F-FDG (Fluoro-2-desoxi-D-glucose), utilizando unicamente o protocolo de repouso, tem sido gradualmente aplicada na avaliação de pacientes com DVE, a fim de diferenciar miocárdio hibernante de miocárdio não-viável. Contudo a sua aplicação é limitada e carece de validação experimental em Portugal. O objectivo geral deste projecto consiste em avaliar qual das modalidades de imagem, G-SPECT ou G-PET/CT 18FFDG mais contribui para o estudo da viabilidade miocárdica, em doentes pós-enfarte. Consideramos avaliar 30 doentes por G-SPECT, em repouso e esforço por protocolo de Bruce modificado, e por G-PET/CT em repouso e sob prova farmacológica com dobutamina. Esperamos obter pelas duas modalidades os parâmetros funcionais e regionais do ventrículo esquerdo (VE), em função da percentagem do miocárdio com tecido-viável. Pretendemos estimular o interesse na área da cardiologia nuclear utilizando esta inovadora metodologia G-PET/CT 18F-FDG sob-esforço, de forma a que seja possível criar algoritmos terapêuticos adequados a estes quadros clínicos, paralelamente a uma sustentada análise custo-benefício (ACB) no contexto português.ABSTRACT - The prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) and resultant heart failure (HF) is increasing. The complexity into identifying viable myocardium in patients with severe LVD post-myocardial infarction (MI) limits the choice of therapy to be adopted: benefit from revascularization procedures (CABG) or from cardiac transplantation. Gated Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (G-SPECT), whether using 99mTc-Sestamibi or 99mTc-Tetrafosmin, in stress and/or rest protocols, has consistently been shown some methodological disagreement for identifying myocardial viability and guiding appropriate management. On the other hand, with 18F-FDG PET (Fluoro-2-desoxy-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography), using the rest protocol has been gradually applied to the assessment of patients with LVD, in order to discriminate hibernating myocardium of non-viable tissue. However its appliance is limited and lacks experimental validation in Portugal. The main goal of this project is to evaluate which one of the imaging modalities, G-SPECT or 18F-FDG G-PET/CT (Computed Tomography), adds more information on the assessment of myocardial viability in patients’ post-MI. We propose evaluate 30 patients by G-SPECT at rest and by stress modified Bruce protocol, and G-PET/CT at rest and under pharmacological dobutamine test. We expect to obtain the left ventricular (LV) functional and regional parameters, additionally to the extention of viable myocardial tissue. We intend to stimulate the interest in nuclear cardiology field using this stress innovative methodology G-PET/CT 18F-FDG, so that therapeutic algorithms can be optimized on behalf of the improved outcomes from revascularization, alongside a sustained cost-benefit analysis (CBA) in the Portuguese context

Empowering to save

Introduction: The 2012-2016 National Health Plan emphasizes the importance of gains in health “through the alignment around common goals, the integration of sustained efforts from all sectors of society, and the implementation of strategies focused on citizenship, on equality and access, on quality and on healthy policies”. Based on the Universidade Católica Portuguesa’s mission of “generating and sharing critical, innovative and socially relevant knowledge to the service of integral development of the person and the common good”, and considering that the human being is conceptualized as a person who materializes in a health project, taking care of herself, others, things and the surrounding world, arises, the training project in basic life support in secondary schools. This project aims to empower the students for a civic intervention, as health promoting agents, preventing disease and building a healthy society. Methods: Qualitative/quantitative study, using content analysis and statistic treatment of questionnaires of students in a sample of 10 schools. Results: Regarding the adressed subject and content, most of the students, consider them very important. They argue that the project motivates and empowers them for a safer intervention for emergency situations. They feel directly involved for being able to save lives, assuming that this responsibility not only belongs to doctors and nurses, but to everyone. Conclusions: The results higlight the importance of strengthening these intervention projects within the educational community, by empowering the interveners, in a perspective of citizenship and health as integrative concepts in societyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

TODO ANO TEM: as festas na estrutura social camponesa

PRADO, Regina Paula dos Santos.Todo ano tem: as festas na estrutura social camponea. São Luís: PPGCS/GERUR/EDUFMA, 2007. 200 p. ISBN 978-85048-84-6

HAJA DEUS!: A Flor do Samba no Carnaval da Atenas Brasileira

ERICEIRA, Ronald Clay dos Santos – Haja Deus!: A Flor do Samba no Carnaval da Atenas Brasileira. São Luís: FUNC, 2006, 279 p. 1º Lugar Obra de Erudição no XIX Concurso Literário e Artístico Cidade de São Luís

"O cinema e a história" : a utilização do cinema no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da história contemporânea

Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de História no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2018«O filme, imagem ou não da realidade, documento ou ficção, intriga autêntica ou pura invenção, é História»1 Marc Ferro. Tal como postulado na epígrafe de Marc Ferro, o filme, nas suas múltiplas dimensões, é por nós entendido como documento e recurso extraordinário para a construção do conhecimento histórico. Pelo uso da sétima arte na didática da História pretendemos despertar nos alunos do 12ª ano da Escola Secundária da Baixa da Banheira um olhar diferente sobre o cinema e a sua conjugação com os conteúdos a lecionar. É generalizada a ideia de que as imagens possuem um papel relevante de difusão dos conteúdos e que podem ser aproveitados para mais facilmente motivar os alunos para aprendizagem, despertar a curiosidade e o olhar crítico. Nas aulas lecionadas fizemos a experiência de utilizar filmes completos e vídeos editados. Através desta utilização da sétima arte pretendemos que os alunos desenvolvessem as competências gerais e específicas da disciplina de História. Em síntese, procuramos com este trabalho avaliar a importância e as potencialidades da utilização do cinema como recurso de aprendizagem, analisando-se diversas possibilidades da exploração pedagógico-didática da sétima arte.«[The] film, image or not of reality, document or fiction, true story or pure invention, is History»2 Marc Ferro. As postulated in the heading by Marc Ferro, we see the film, in its multiple dimensions, as a document and an extraordinary resource for the construction of historical knowledge. With the title “Cinema and History”, we will reflect on the use of cinema in the teaching/learning process of History. By using the Seventh Art in the teaching of History, we intend to awake in the students of the 12th grade at Escola Secundária da Baixa da Banheira a fresh and different perspective on cinema and its conjugation with the historical contents that are to be taught and learned. It is generally assumed and accepted that images have a vital and relevant role in the dissemination of contents and that they can be used to motivate more easily students for learning and awakening their curiosity and critical eye. Due to their length, it is not possible to view a feature film in just one class, but the use of digital tools and apps allows us to edit films in short videos in order to integrate them in lesson plans with diversified teaching/learning strategies, in which the filmic contents can be viewed, discussed and explored. In our classes, we experimented using feature films and edited videos. By using the Seventh Art, we intended the students to develop the general and specific skills inherent to the subject of History. In short, with this project, we pretend to assess the importance and potentialities of the use of cinema as a teaching/learning resource. The different possibilities of pedagogical and educational exploration of the Seventh Art will also be analyzed