MANAGEMENT OF TIMIRA-KACHA-LINGANASA

The concept of Timira has been widely described in our ancient texts, in detail having its etiology, pathogenesis, treatment, even though the technology that we have today was not present in ancient period inspite of that there is exactly same description as we found in todays era. We will go through a short description of specific line of treatment of different stages of cataract as mentioned in our classical texts. Timira, Kacha and Linganasha are the successive stages of the same disease as mentioned in our ancient texts. Blurring of vision is described as Timira depending on its severity and Doshas, it is classified as subtypes, and when it is associated with raga it is termed as Kacha and if not treated in time it is converted to the incurable disease Lingnasha. Kaphaj lingnasha is considered to be cured through Shashtra karma. besides all preventive measures are also described in our texts regarding Timira.

CLINICAL STUDY ON EFFICACY OF PANCHATIKTA BASTI, TILATAILADI NASYA AND AMRUTADI GUGGULU IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a disease of Dristipatala. Raktapitta, Dosha Avarana and Dhatukshya are the main etiological factors involved. Madhumeha is vatika type of Prameha and all the three Dosha and Saptadhatu except Asthidahtu gets vitiated. Mainly Rakta, Mamsa and Meda dhatu affected by both etiopathological mechanisms of Avarana and Dhatukshya. Agnimandya and Ama formation are initiating factors of the main disease Madhumeha and all these leads to complications similar to Raktapitta due to Rasayani daurvalya. Ojas kshaya is another etiological factor in Madhumeha. In Pranavritta vyana Vyanavayu gets obstructed by Pranavayu and leads to Indriyasunyata. Raktavritta vata too have a role in development of DR Pathology. Timir is described under Vataja nanattmaja vyadhi by Charaka. Vagbhata and Yogratnakara advised Basti chikitsa in Timir vyadhi. By considering the above facts Panchatikta Panchaprasrittika Basti was considered for this trial to reduce pathology of Sira abhisyandam and vasculopathy in diabetic retinopathy cases. Tilatailadi Yoga was considered to reduce hemorrhagic effects in retina and as Nasya is the shortest and effective route for CNS drug delivery for vision improvement, Tilatailadi Nasya was considered for this study. Amrutadi Guggulu was considered for this study, as it has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypolipidemic and above all Srotosodhaka properties, which is particularly indicated for Timir vyadhi. Thus in present study an attempt has been made to prevent and check the progression of different stages of non proliferative stages of diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Mixed results were obtained with statistically significant improvement in visual acuity, fundus signs and laboratory parameters

A CLINICAL STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF TIMIRHAR LAUHA AND BALADI GHRIT TARPANA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TIMIRA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MYOPIA

Myopia is a refractive error which affects every age group person around the world. Specially in modern age when the use of mobile screen and computer is increased so much, this error has become horrible. The symptoms of myopia closely resembles with the disease Timir. It involves pratham and dwitiya patala of Netra. In the present study, 35 clinically diagnosed patients of Timira/Myopia were selected and randomly divided into two groups (Group-A-18 patients, Group-B-17patients) out of these, 30 patients completed the trial. Patients of group A were administrated Timirhar Lauha orally. While patients of group B were topically administrated Baladi Ghrita for Tarpana and Timirhar Lauha orally. The study shows that Timirhar Lauha (systemic drug) alone was effective in all symptoms of Timira /Simple Myopia but combination of the drug Timirhar Lauha (systemic drug) with Baladi Ghrita (Tarpana/topical application) had much greater potential to ameliorate the symptoms of Timira /Simple Myopia

Meta analysis of clinical studies on the effect of various Ayurvedic formulations on Arma w.s.r. to Pterygium

Arma is very common ophthalmic ailment in temperate environment like India. It has been described under Shuklagta Sadhya Vyadhi in Ayurveda. It is widely compared with Pterygium now a days for which surgical intervention is the only method of salvation. Few works have been done in the field of Ayurveda on this disease. Three clinical trials have been conducted on Arma in Netra Roga O.P.D. of Shalakya Tantra in NIA Arogyashala. First clinical trial was conducted in 2009-2010 in which two drug namely Pippalyadi Anjana & Triphala Ghrita were given to 45 patients divided in 3 groups for 2 month. In second clinical trial, conducted in 2011-2012, two drugs i.e. Nayana Sukha Varti & Lauhadi Guggulu were prescribed to 40 patients of Arma randomly divided into 2 groups for 2 months. Third clinical trial was conducted in 2014-2015, two drugs i.e. Vyoshadhya Varti and Chandrodaya Varti were prescribed to 40 patients of Arma randomly divided into 2 groups for 1 month. Marked relief in form of statistical analysis was observed in all three studies. No adverse or toxic effects were observed in either of the trials. Hence on the basis of above studies it can be concluded that Ayurvedic formulations can provide cost effective and safe treatment for Arma (pterygium)

REVIEW OF ANJANA (CORRYLIUM) PROCEDURE AND ITS PROBABLE MODE OF ACTION

Shalakya Tantra is one of the eight specialties of Ashtanga Ayurveda which deals with diseases occur above the clavicle specially related to the sensory organs. Eyes hold special status among all the sense organs because good vision is crucial for social and intellectual development of human beings. Hence authentic classics prescribed several preventive and curative measures for the management of ophthalmic disorders. Among them, topical treatments are very unique, effective in the management of eye diseases and are called “Netra Kriyakalpaâ€. Netra Kriyakalpa have very fast action on the target tissues of eye. Anjana is a medicinal preparation which is applied on the lower palpebral conjunctiva or the cul-de-sac. Its active principles may be transferred to the interior of the eye according to their hydrophilicity and lipophilicity mainly through the conjunctiva and cornea by paracellular and transcelullar pathways respectively. pH, viscosity, tonicity, molecular size and molecular weight of the active ingredients are highly responsible for the absorption of Anjana. According to its form Anjana is of 3 types i.e. Gutika, Rasakriya and Churna. Gutika and Churna types of Anjana can be correlated with ophthalmic suspensions and Rasakriya type is with aqueous solutions/eye drops. Gutika and Curna Anjana have micro particles which may be deposited in the cul-de-sas and thereby increase the bioavailability to enhance ocular absorption. Anjana therapy may be highly beneficial in the anterior segment disorders because of the presence of several anatomical, biological and physiological ocular barriers. However it gives better results on the posterior segment disorders also

Randomized Open Label Clinical Trial on the Efficacy of Saptamrita Ghrita Tarpana, Eye Exercises and Shatavaryadi Churna in Vataja Timira w.s.r. to Astigmatism

Astigmatism is a type of refractive error in which refraction varies in different meridians of the eyes; consequently, the light rays entering the eye cannot converge to a point of focus but form various focal lines. All the refractive disorders including astigmatism come under Timira. In modern science the treatment options of astigmatism include spectacles, contact lens, and Lasik surgery which are very expensive. Hence in order to provide efficient and better cure by cost effective method through Ayurveda, this study was planned which incorporates Kriya Kalpa procedure, oral drug, and eye exercises to tackle it efficiently. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Saptamrita Ghrita Tarpana and Eye exercises in management of Vataja Timira w.s.r. to astigmatism. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the effect of eye exercises and Shatavaryadi Churna in Vataja Timira w.s.r. to astigmatism. 2. To evaluate the effect of Saptamritam Ghrita Tarpana and Shatavaryadi Churna in Vataja Timira w.s.r. to astigmatism. Materials and Methods: 30 patients with Vataja Timira were randomly assigned to two groups for a clinical trial. Result: The clinical data shows that the effect of therapy on Vataja Timira is 60% in Group A and 51.04% in Group B. Conclusion: It can be concluded that clinically Saptamrita ghrita Tarpana, Shatavaryadi churna and eye exercises combine work better to manage the Vataja Timira

Importance of Agni and Ama in Pratishyaya Chikitsa - An Integrative Approach

Agni can be considered as the digestive component in the body at the level of Jatharagni, Bhootagni and Dhatvagni. It is given utmost importance in Ayurveda for if the Agni is inefficient in functioning, then it leads to the formation of Ama which then gives rise to multiple ailments starting from Jvara to complicated diseases. Ama Chikitsa is specially recommended in five diseases like Akshi Roga, Kukshi Roga, Pratishyaya, Vrana, and Jvara. Ayurveda explains the features of Ama Pratishyaya and also has given demarcation between Ama and Pakva Pratishyaya for the purpose of treatment. The Amajanya Lakshanas of Pratishyaya include- heaviness of head, anorexia, rhinorrhoea, voice change, etc. Multiple studies done in Allopathic science show the association of GERD, gut microbes and gastritis with allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. The initial treatment in acute condition (Amaja Pratishyaya) is based on Agni Chikitsa or Amapachana which is considered very important as it can even prevent the future disease entity. The initial treatment begins with Deepana-Pachana Kashaya in the form of Panchakola Hima, Ardraka Payasa etc which not only replaces the lost fluids but also maintains the level of hydration. Hence the importance of Ama Chikitsa in Pratishyaya is dealt in detail in this paper

Conceptual Analysis of Marma Related to Shalakya Tantra - A Review and its Anatomical Significance

Background: Ayurveda the ancient a science of life deals with all aspects of human life in a complex way. The knowledge of the Marmas or vital parts is explained in the Sharira Sthana chapter in the three major texts (Samhita) such as Charaka, Sushruta, and Vagbhata. All Acharyas emphasized on the Marmas but Acharya Sushruta has described them in detail. Marma vigyana is one of Ayurveda’s unique theories wherein there is direct stimulation of Prana at Marma Stana. The body’s Urdhvajatrugata Bhaga with respect to Shalakya Tantra has numerous Marma, which is crucial anatomical places located above the clavicle since damage to this area could be fatal to the body and its sensory organs. Methods: The data for this study were gathered from classical Ayurvedic texts, publications of research work, and review articles from indexed journals. Results: Systematic review revealed thorough understanding of anatomical basis of Marmas related to Shalakya Tantra and its potential applications in clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic fields. Conclusion: Based on this literature review, it can be concluded that knowledge of regional anatomy allows better understanding of lesions with Marma since Shalakya Marmas can prove to be fatal if not dealt with utmost care

Understanding the Pharmacodynamics of Kriyakalpa

Pharmacodynamics is the study of a drug’s molecular, biochemical, and physiologic effects. In short, it is all about how a drug affects an organism. There are some important factors that play an important role in the absorption of drugs in the body, like the route of drug administration, solubility and bioavailability, physical state of the drug and molecular weight, Time of absorption, and Vascularity of the absorbing surface. In Ayurveda, the local treatment procedures of Netra are explained in the name of Netra Kriya Kalpa (Su. U. 18/2). The word kriya means therapeutic action, and kalpana means specific formulations. Kriya Kalpa is a Bahirparimarjana Chikitsa and has several advantages over oral administration. They are noninvasive and cost-effective. No biodegradation of Drugs, Effective against blood aqueous and blood-retinal barriers, Comparatively, less dose is required, and it can be used as a preventive as well as a curative. Overall, we can say that Kriyakalp Procedures have several advantages as compared to oral administration

Understanding Amblyopia in Ayurveda Perspective: A Review Article

Vision is prime sense to have facile life and abnormalities of vision are very common in all populations with various pathologies in different parts of eye such as cornea, lens, and vitreous retina. Amblyopia is one such condition which is characterized by reversible loss of vision affecting one or both the eyes. Examination is important to rule out any organic defect in various parts of the eye. In Ayurveda, many of the visual differences are coined under the heading of Timira which is characterized by blurred vision. The Vataja Timira symptoms can be correlated to Amblyopia hence the management