Immigration Cyber Prisons: Ending the Use of Electronic Ankle Shackles

The call to end immigration detention has garnered strong support in recent years due to a growing public awareness of its devastating impact on the individuals locked away, their families, and entire communities. Throughout the nation, communities, organizers, advocates, and public officials have demanded the shutdown of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers, particularly those operated by private prison companies. However, less attention has been paid to another form of detention that has been insidiously expanding alongside ICE’s brick-and-mortar jails: the Intensive Supervision Assistance Program (ISAP), the primary component of ICE’s so-called “Alternatives to Detention” program. ISAP surveils, monitors, and restricts immigrants by using invasive and evolving forms of technology. Like much of ICE’s sprawling detention system, ISAP is fueled by a multi-billion-dollar contract with the subsidiary of a private prison corporation that profits from detaining and surveilling immigrants. One of the most common and dehumanizing forms of surveillance in ISAP is a GPS enabled ankle monitor that shackles individuals both visibly and invisibly. This report recommends that ICE immediately wind down ISAP and cease its use of electronic ankle shackles, first by removing them from all individuals currently subject to ISAP. To the extent that ankle shackles continue being used while phasing out ISAP, the administration should mandate ICE to track the data needed to prevent discriminatory practices; provide both a clear written justification and review process when deciding to subject an individual to ankle shackles; and allow those subject to ankle shackles to secure employment, participate in family and community activities, and seek medical treatment. This report also recommends a severance of the link between immigration enforcement and service provision through community-based programs, as well as allocation of government funding for community support and legal representation services. As the harms of electronic ankle shackling demonstrate, ISAP is by no means an acceptable reform to the existing detention apparatus; rather it is another form of confinement that must be dismantled alongside physical detention. While the coercive and dehumanizing shackling of humans is unacceptable in any form, the data demonstrating the comparable or superior efficacy of more holistic intervention also lay bare the animus and profit motives at the heart of ICE’s shackling regime. Ending shackling is not just good policy; it is an issue of racial, economic, and health justice

Crescimento e qualidade de mudas de café conilon produzidas em diferentes recipientes e níveis de sombreamento

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two containers and different levels of shading in the growth and quality of conilon coffee seedlings, as well as to perform a path analysis to characterize the interrelationships between growth variables and quantify their direct and indirect effects on the quality of seedlings. The experimental design used was completely randomized, distributed in split-plot 2 x 4 schema, with ten repetitions. The type of containers tested were 120 ml polyethylene tubes and plastic bags with 770 cc, filled with standard substrate. The levels of shadow tested were 0% (full sun), 30%, 50% and 75%. The results showed that plants grew better in bags than in tubes, except the 30% level of shading. The shaded seedlings showed better quality and growth than the ones kept in full sun. Dickson index of quality was efficient to indicate the quality of the conilon coffee seedlings in separate containers and shading levels. The relationship between plant height / stem diameter and dry matter of the aerial part / roots translate information that assist the proper handling of seedlings in nurseries. The total dry matter and stem diameter are the more likely variables to indicate the quality of the conilon coffee seedlings, due to the higher degree of correlation with the Dickson index of quality.Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a influência de dois recipientes e diferentes níveis de sombreamento no crescimento e qualidade de mudas de café conilon, além de realizar análise de trilha visando à caracterização das inter -relações entre as variáveis relacionadas ao crescimento e quantificação de seus efeitos diretos e indiretos sobre a qualidade das mudas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, distribuído em esquema de parcelas subdivididas 2 x 4, com dez repetições. Como recipientes foram utilizados tubetes de polietileno de 120 mL e sacolas plásticas com capacidade de 770 mL, preenchidos com substrato padrão. Os níveis de sombreamento testados foram 0% (pleno sol), 30%, 50% e 75%. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que as mudas cresceram melhor em sacolas do que em tubetes, com exceção do nível de 30% de sombreamento. As mudas sombreadas apresentaram maior crescimento e melhor qualidade em relação às mantidas a pleno sol. O índice de qualidade de Dickson foi eficiente para indicar a qualidade das mudas de café conilon nos distintos recipientes e níveis de sombreamento. A relação entre altura da planta/diâmetro do coleto e a relação entre matéria seca da parte aérea/raízes traduzem informações que auxiliam o manejo adequado das mudas em viveiro. A matéria seca total e o diâmetro do coleto são as variáveis mais propícias para indicar a qualidade das mudas de café conilon, devido ao maior grau de correlação com o índice de qualidade de Dickson

Effect of packaging materials and storage environment on fennel seedling growth

The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of the packaging material (cotton cloth bag, multifolium paper and glass container) and storage environment (laboratory and cold chamber conditions) on fennel seedling growth. Seeds were placed in different packaging materials and exposed to the two environments for twelve months. Assessments were made before storage and at every two months and the following were determined: total emergence, emergence speed index, seedling fresh and dry matter. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replications in a 2 x 3 x 6+1 factorial design in split split plots, where the plot was the storage environment (laboratory and cold chamber conditions); the split plot was the storage (cotton cloth bag, multifolium paper and glass container) and the split plot was the storage periods (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months) and plus an additional treatment (before storage). The results showed that the fennel seedlings had superior growth when their seeds were placed in the glass packaging material, regardless of the storage environment

Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico-obstétrico de mulheres diagnosticadas com doença trofoblástica gestacional: Sociodemographic and clinical-obstetric profile of women diagnosed with gestational trophoblast disease

Doença trofoblástica gestacional (DTG) é um grupo heterogêneo de distúrbios associados à gravidez, manifestados por proliferação anômala de tecido trofoblástico. Objetivou-se apresentar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico-obstétrico de mulheres diagnosticadas com DTG. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, retrospectiva, transversal, documental com abordagem quantitativa realizada em um hospital de referência em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. A população foi composta por todas as pacientes diagnosticadas com DTG no período de dezembro de 2017 a 2018, sendo a mostra composta por 110 mulheres. A coleta de dados ocorreu de janeiro a julho de 2019. Utilizou-se instrumento composto por dados sociodemográficos, aspectos clínicos e seguimento ambulatorial. Os resultados foram apresentados descritivamente e em tabelas. As participantes encontravam-se com idade mínima 14 e máxima 49, predominantemente com ensino médio completo (38,2%), ocupação do lar (39,1%), parceiro/a sexual (62,7%) e 57,3% eram da região metropolitana ou interiorana. Quanto aos dados obstétricos, as participantes tiveram como média as variáveis gestação de 2,4, parto de 1,12 e aborto de 0, 75. Quanto aos sinais e sintomas, 72,7% apresentaram dor em baixo ventre, 91,8% referiram algum tipo de secreção transvaginal, 20% tiveram hiperêmese gravídica, 2,7% desenvolveram pré-eclâmpsia, em 57,3% apresentaram vólume abdominal aumentado, 18,2% expeliram as vesículas, 20% desenvolveram cistose ovariana e em 78,2% evidenciaram níveis elevados de β-HCG. Conclui-se que os dados sociodemográficos e clínico obstétricos estão em consonância com a literatura encontrada. O procedimento de resolução da patologia é o indicado pela literatura, evidenciando uma excelente assistência prestada

Accuracy of the urine point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen assay for diagnosing Schistosomiasis mansoni infection in Brazil: a multicenter study

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde / Fundo Nacional de Saúde / Ministério da Saúde - [TED/FNS: 118/2017; SIAFI: 691919 / 25000.479741/2017-05Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Educação em Ambiente e Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Insumos Estratégicos. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Parasitoses Intestinais, Esquistossomose e Malacologia. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Educação em Ambiente e Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Unidade de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil / Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Laboratório de Parasitologia Biomédica. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Yale University. School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, CT, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Educação em Ambiente e Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Laboratório de Parasitologia Biomédica. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Insumos Estratégicos. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Parasitoses Intestinais, Esquistossomose e Malacologia. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Laboratório de Parasitologia Biomédica. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Laboratório de Parasitologia Biomédica. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Background: The World Health Organization recommends a market-ready, urine-based point-of-care diagnostic test for circulating cathodic antigens (CCA) to determine the prevalence of S. mansoni. This study evaluated the performance of the URINE CCA (SCHISTO) ECO TESTE® (POC-ECO), which is currently available in Brazil. Methods: Residents from eight sites with different prevalence estimates provided one urine sample for POC-ECO and one stool sample for Kato-Katz (KK) and Helmintex® (HTX) testing as an egg-detecting reference for infection status. Results: None of the study sites had significantly higher POC-ECO accuracy than KK. Conclusions: POC-ECO is not currently recommended in Brazilian schistosomiasis elimination programs

Which outcomes are most important to measure in patients with COVID-19 and how and when should these be measured? Development of an international standard set of outcomes measures for clinical use in patients with COVID-19: a report of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) COVID-19 Working Group.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread morbidity and mortality with the consequences expected to be felt for many years. Significant variation exists in the care even of similar patients with COVID-19, including treatment practices within and between institutions. Outcome measures vary among clinical trials on the same therapies. Understanding which therapies are of most value is not possible unless consensus can be reached on which outcomes are most important to measure. Furthermore, consensus on the most important outcomes may enable patients to monitor and track their care, and may help providers to improve the care they offer through quality improvement. To develop a standardised minimum set of outcomes for clinical care, the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) assembled a working group (WG) of 28 volunteers, including health professionals, patients and patient representatives. Design: A list of outcomes important to patients and professionals was generated from a systematic review of the published literature using the MEDLINE database, from review of outcomes being measured in ongoing clinical trials, from a survey distributed to patients and patient networks, and from previously published ICHOM standard sets in other disease areas. Using an online-modified Delphi process, the WG selected outcomes of greatest importance. Results: The outcomes considered by the WG to be most important were selected and categorised into five domains: (1) functional status and quality of life, (2) mental functioning, (3) social functioning, (4) clinical outcomes and (5) symptoms. The WG identified demographic and clinical variables for use as case-mix risk adjusters. These included baseline demographics, clinical factors and treatment-related factors. Conclusion: Implementation of these consensus recommendations could help institutions to monitor, compare and improve the quality and delivery of care to patients with COVID-19. Their consistent definition and collection could also broaden the implementation of more patient-centric clinical outcomes research.</p

Sazonalidade da demanda de teste não treponêmico em um laboratório privado do município de Niterói (RJ)

Introdução: A sífilis é uma infecção bacteriana sistêmica, crônica, curável e exclusiva do ser humano, transmitida principalmente pela via sexual. Quando não tratada, evolui para estágios de gravidade variada, podendo acometer diversos órgãos e sistemas do corpo. Objetivo: Delinear se ocorrem alterações significativas na demanda e positividade de teste não treponêmico após o carnaval ou em outras épocas dos anos estudados, no período de janeiro de 2014 até dezembro de 2019, em um laboratório da rede privada do município de Niterói. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo retrospectivo, de caráter quantitativo, no qual se buscou definir os perfis da população que procurou determinado laboratório para a realização do teste não treponêmico no período de 2014 a 2019. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de pesquisa documental dos resultados, fornecidos mediante autorização do laboratório, preservando o sigilo dos pacientes. Foi feita a decomposição sazonal, que é série temporal mensal, com vistas a avaliar a tendência e a tendência exponencial pelo modelo aditivo. Resultados: Realizaram-se 34.817 exames, com 1.637 testes não treponêmicos reagentes nos anos estudados, analisados por meio do programa SPSS. Houve um aumento do número de exames em 2019 (6.488), mantendo a distribuição durante esse ano. Conclusão: Tanto a demanda quanto a positividade de exames não treponêmicos aumentaram significativamente de forma equiparada no decorrer dos anos, não encontrando sazonalidade em relação a testes não treponêmicos reagentes

Understanding the relation between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and adverse fetal, infant and child outcomes: a protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of longitudinal studies of pregnant women and their infants and children

IntroductionZika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is a known cause of microcephaly and other congenital and developmental anomalies. In the absence of a ZIKV vaccine or prophylactics, principal investigators (PIs) and international leaders in ZIKV research have formed the ZIKV Individual Participant Data (IPD) Consortium to identify, collect and synthesise IPD from longitudinal studies of pregnant women that measure ZIKV infection during pregnancy and fetal, infant or child outcomes.Methods and analysisWe will identify eligible studies through the ZIKV IPD Consortium membership and a systematic review and invite study PIs to participate in the IPD meta-analysis (IPD-MA). We will use the combined dataset to estimate the relative and absolute risk of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), including microcephaly and late symptomatic congenital infections; identify and explore sources of heterogeneity in those estimates and develop and validate a risk prediction model to identify the pregnancies at the highest risk of CZS or adverse developmental outcomes. The variable accuracy of diagnostic assays and differences in exposure and outcome definitions means that included studies will have a higher level of systematic variability, a component of measurement error, than an IPD-MA of studies of an established pathogen. We will use expert testimony, existing internal and external diagnostic accuracy validation studies and laboratory external quality assessments to inform the distribution of measurement error in our models. We will apply both Bayesian and frequentist methods to directly account for these and other sources of uncertainty.Ethics and disseminationThe IPD-MA was deemed exempt from ethical review. We will convene a group of patient advocates to evaluate the ethical implications and utility of the risk stratification tool. Findings from these analyses will be shared via national and international conferences and through publication in open access, peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberPROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42017068915).</jats:sec

¿Un modelo de centro de detención migratoria para LGBTI?

EEUU ha dado algunos pasos positivos para mejorar el trato a los solicitantes de asilo gais y transgénero en detención migratoria, pero el Gobierno podría realizar mejoras en cuatro áreas clave

A model immigration detention facility for LGBTI?

The US has taken some positive steps to improve the treatment of gay and transgender asylum seekers in immigration detention but could make improvements in four key areas